Post on 05-Apr-2018
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PERFORMANCE OFDIESEL ENGINE
FUELED BY BIODIESEL
CONTAININGDIFFERENTCONCENTRATIONS OF
Jatropha curcas OIL
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Fruits
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Seeds
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The process of taking a
triglyceride molecule or a
complex fatty acid, neutralizing
the free fatty acids, removing
the glycerin, and creating analcohol ester (Biodiesel).
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Biodiesel production process:
Instruments: Materials:
-Hot Plate - 70ml Methanol (CH3OH)
-Stirring Rod - 1.75g Potassium Hydroxide(KOH)
-Thermometer - 350ml Jatropha curcas crude oil
- 2 beaker (500ml)
- 1 beaker (1000ml)
- 500ml separatory funnel
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Amount of methanol and potassium
hydroxide to be used:
1 Liter of Jatropha crude oil =
200ml of methanol (CH3OH) =
5grams of potassium hydroxide
(KOH).
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By ratio and proportion:
1000ml Jat. Oil = 200ml CH3OH X= 70ml of CH3OH350ml X
1000ml Jat. Oil = 5grams KOH Y= 1.75g of KOH
350ml Y
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Filtering :
Filter the oil to remove solid particlesusing filter paper. You may have to warm it
up a bit first to get it to run freely, 35o
Cshould be enough.
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Removing the water:
Heat the oil first to remove any water content. Waste oil willprobably contain water, which can
slow down the reaction and causesaponification (soap formation).The less water in the oil the better.Raise the temperature to 100oC,hold it for 10 minutes. Remove heatand allow to cool.
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Preparing potassium methoxide:
The 70ml methanol is mixed into asolution with the KOH and stir for
20mins, creating potassium methoxidein an exothermic reaction (it gets warmfrom bonds forming). Keep all utensils
the KOH comes in contact with as dry as possible.
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CAUTION : Treat potassium methoxide with extreme caution! Do not inhale any vapors! If any potassium methoxide getssplashed on your skin, it will burn you without your feeling it (killing the
nerves). Wash immediately with lots of water. Potassium methoxide is also very corrosive to paints. KOH reacts withaluminum, tin and zinc. Use glass,enamel or stainless steel containers,stainless steel are best.
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Heating and Mixing:
Pre-heat Jatropha crudeoil at 60oC. Add thepotassium methoxide to the
oil while stirring; stir themixture for 30 minutes to anhour. The transesterification
process separates the methylesters from the glycerine.
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S li d i
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Settling and separation:
Allow the solution to settle andcool for at least eight hours, preferably longer. The methyl esters (biodiesel) will be floating on top while the
denser glycerine will have congealedon the bottom of the containerforming a hard gelatinous mass. The
semi-liquid glycerine has a dark browncolor and the biodiesel is honey-colored.
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When not enough KOH is used thereaction does not go far enough so some
unreacted oil will be mixed with thebiodiesel and glycerine. This will formthree levels with biodiesel on top above
unreacted oil with glycerine on thebottom. If there is too much water in theoil it will form soaps and settle rightabove the glycerine forming a fourth level
in the container.
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Bi di l
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Biodiesel recovery
By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully
computed and analyzed. On January 21, 2010,24hrs after the transesterification conducted,the biodiesel recovery was 100ml out of 350ml and it shows 26% biodiesel recovery.
1 week after, January 28, 2010, another 100ml of biodiesel were recovered and it shows 57%biodiesel recovery. After 1 month, thehighest recovery of biodiesel recovered was230ml out of 350ml and the result is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.
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Bi di l
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Biodiesel recovery
By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully
computed and analyzed. On January 21,2010, 24hrs after the transesterificationconducted, the biodiesel recovery was 100mlout of 350ml and it shows 26% biodieselrecovery. 1week after, January 28, 2010,another 100ml of biodiesel were recoveredand it shows 57% biodiesel recovery. After 1month, the highest recovery of biodieselrecovered was 230ml out of 350ml and theresult is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.
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. Selected Diesel Engine
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Diesel
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95% Diesel + 5% Biodiesel
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90% Diesel + 10% Biodiesel
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Mixing of Biodiesel and Pure diesel
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5% biodiesel + Pure diesel
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Fuelling the tank
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Draining the Fuel Tank
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Exhaust Quality
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10% Biodiesel, Drained 5% Biodiesel & Pure Diesel
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Drained pure Diesel, 5% Biodiesel and Unused pure diesel
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Drained 20% Biodiesel
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Drained 40% Biodiesel
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