Post on 04-Apr-2018
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1 Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to produce oxygen and water.
The results of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are given below.
Hidrogen peroksida mengurai membebaskan oksigen dan air.
Keputusan satu eksperimen penguraian hidrogen peroksida diberi di bawah.
Time(s)Masa (s)
0 15 30 45 60 75 90
Volume of O2 (cm )
Isipadu O2 (cm3)
0 16 30 40 48 48 48
What is the average rate of this reaction?
Berapakah kadar tindak balas ini purata?
A 0.53 cm s-
B 0.80 cm s-
C 1.88 cm s-
D 2.56 cm s-
2 Which explanation is paired correctly with the application of the rate of reaction?
Pasangan manakah yang betul bagi menerangkan aplikasi kadar tindak balas?
Application
Aplikasi
Explanation
Penerangan
A It is easier to light a fire using
small pieces of charcoal.
Adalah lebih mudah menyalakan
api menggunakan ketulan kecil
arang.
Total surface area exposed to air is
smaller.
Jumlah luas permukaan terdedah
kepada udara adalah lebih kecil.
B Fish and meat are normally kept
in a freezer.
Ikan dan daging disimpan dalam
pembeku sejuk.
The low temperature slows down the
rate of bacterial metabolism.
Suhu yang rendah merendahkan
kadar metabolisme bakteria.
C Food cooks faster in a pressure
cooker.
Makanan dimasak lebih cepat
dalam periuk tekanan.
The high pressure decreases the
number of water molecules in
contact with the food.
Tekanan yang tinggi mengurangkanbilangan molekul air yang bersentuh
dengan makanan.
D Iron is used in the industrial
manufacture of ammonia.
Besi digunakan dalam
pembuatan ammonia dalam
industri.
To increase the activation energy of
the reaction.
Untuk meningkatkan tenaga
pengaktifan tindak balas.
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3 The equation below shows the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid to producehydrogen gas
Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas antara zink dengan asid hidroklorik untuk
menghasilkan gas hidrogen.
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Which of the following will increase the rate of reaction?Antara berikut yang manakah akan meningkatkan kadar tindak balas?
I Use larger size of zincMenggunakan zink yang bersaiz besar
II Use higher concentration of hydrochloric acidMenggunakan kepekatan asid hidroklorik yang tinggi
III Increase the temperature of reactionMeningkatkan suhu tindak balas
IV Increase the volume of hydrochloric acidMenambahkan isi padu asid hidroklorik
A
B
C
D
I and II only
I dan II sahaja
III and IV only
III dan IV sahaja
II and III only
II dan III sahaja
I, II and III onlyI, II dan III sahaja
4 Which of the following is a fast reaction?Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan tindak balas yang cepat?
A Rusting
Pengaratan
B PrecipitationPemendakan
C Fermentation
Penapaian
D PhotosynthesisFotosintesis
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5 In an experiment, the reaction between 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid with excesszinc produces hydrogen gas. The graph of the volume of hydrogen gas against time issketched. Curve T is obtained.Dalam satu eksperimen, tindak balas antara 25 cm
3asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm
-3dengan zink
berlebihan menghasilkan gas hidrogen. Graf isipadu gas hidrogen melawan masa dilakarkan.Lengkung T diperolehi.
If the experiment is repeated using another solution of nitric acid, which solution willproduce curve U?Sekiranya eksperimen diulangi dengan menggunakan larutan asid nitrik yang lain, larutanmanakah yang akan menghasilkan lengkung U?
A 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 nitric acid25 cm
3larutan asid nitrik 0.2 mol dm
-3
B 30 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid30 cm
3larutan asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm
-3
C 50 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid50 cm
3larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm
-3
D 100 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid100 cm
3larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm
-3
6. The following statements are related to the collision theory of a reactionPernyataan-pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan teori perlanggaran suatu tindak balas.
Which of the following combination is true about the effect of the concentration on the reactant
particles?
Antara kombinasi berikut yang manakahbenar tentang kesan kepekatan ke atas
zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas
I The total surface area of the reactant particles increases
Jumlah luas permukaan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
II The kinetic energy of the reactant particles increasesTenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm
3
Time/sMasa/s
U
T
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III The number of the reactant particles per one unit of volume increases
Bilangan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas per satu unit isipadu bertambah
IV The frequency of the collision between the reactant particles increases
Frekuensi perlanggaran antara zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
A I and II only
I dan II sahaB II and III only
II dan III sahaja
C I and IV only
I dan IV sahaja
D III and IV only
III dan IV sahaja
7.Which of the following is not a characteristic of a catalyst?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakahbukan ciri mangkin?
A A catalyst is specific in its reaction
Mangkin adalah khusus dalam tindak balasnya
B A catalyst inflauences the quantity of product of reaction
Mangkin mempengaruhi kuantiti hasil tindak balas
C The chemical property of a catalyst remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
Sifat kimia mangkin tetap tidak berubah di akhir tindak balas
D Only a little amount of a catalyst is needed to influence the rate of reaction
Hanya sedikit mangkin diperlukan untuk mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas
8. The equation below represents the reaction between calcium carbonate and
hydrochloric acid.
Persamaan di bawah mewakili tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat dengan asid
hidroklorik.
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl (aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
Which of the following graphs shows the changes of volume of carbon dioxide against
the time of reaction?
Antara graf berikut, yang manakah betul bagi menunjukkan perubahan isipadu gas
karbon dioksida terhadap masa tindak balas?
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A
B
C
D
Volume CO2/cm
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Time/min
Masa/minVolume CO2/cm
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Volume CO2/cm
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Volume CO2/cm3
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Time/minMasa/min
Time/min
Masa/min
Time/min
Masa/min
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9 Table 5 shows the total volume of oxygen, collected in the decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide catalysed by manganese(IV) oxide.
Jadual 5 menunjukkan jumlah isipadu oksigen yang dikumpul dalam penguraian hidrogen
peroksida yang dimangkinkan oleh mangan(IV) oxida.
Time (min)
Masa0 1 2 3 4 5
Volume of gas
Isipadu gas (cm3)
0 11.20 23.60 29.70 31.40 31.40
Table 5
Jadual 5
What is the average rate of reaction
Berapakah kadar tindak balas purata?
A 6.28 cm min-
B 7.85 cm min-
C 9.90 cm min-
D 11.80 cm min-
10 Diagram 14 shows the set up of the apparatus for an experiment to determine the rate of
reaction between sodium thiosulphate and sulphuric acid.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak
balas antara natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfuric.
Diagram 14
Rajah 14
Sodium thiosulphate solution and
sulphguric acid
Natrium tiosulfat dan asid sulfurik
White paper
Kertas putih
Mark X
Tanda X
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TRIAL PERLIS 200911 Which of the following is a slow reaction?
Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan tindak balas perlahan?
A PrecipitationPemendakan
B NeutralisationPeneutralan
C DisplacementPenyesaran
D FermentationPenapaian
12 The figure shows an energy level diagram.
Rajah menunjukkan gambarajah aras tenaga.
What is the activation energy for this reaction?
Apakah tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas ini?
A mB n
Which of the following combination of the conditions take shortest time for the mark
X to disappear from sight?
Antara kombinasi keadaan berikut yang manakah mengambil masa paling singkat
untuk tanda X hilang daripada penglihatan?
Sulphuric acid
Asid sulfurik
Sodium Thiosulphate solution
Larutan natrium tiosulfat Temperature
Suhu
(oC)
Volume
Isipadu
(cm3)
Concentration
Kepekatan
(mol dm-3
)
Volume
Isipadu
(cm3)
Concentration
Kepekatan
(mol dm-3
)
A 5 1.0 50 0.4 30
B 5 1.0 50 0.4 40
C 5 0.5 50 0.4 30
D 10 0.5 45 0.4 40
Energy
Tenaga
Reaction path
Laluan tindakbalas
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C
D q
13 Table 4 shows the total volume of oxygen, collected in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxidecatalyzed by manganese(IV) oxide.
Jadual 4 menunjukkan jumlah isipadu oksigen yang dikumpul dalam penguraian hidrogen peroksidayang dimangkinkan oleh mangan(IV) oksida.
Time (min)Masa
0 1 2 3 4 5
Volume of gasIsipadu gas (cm
3)
0.00 12.20 24.60 30.70 32.40 32.40
Table 4Jadual 4
What is the average rate of reaction between first minute and third minute?Berapakah kadar tindak balas purata antara minit pertama dan minit ketiga?
A 18.50 cm3
min-1
B 9.25 cm3
min-1
C 8.10 cm3
min-1
D 6.48 cm3
min-1
14 The equation represents the reaction between zinc granules and dilute sulphuric acid.
Persamaan kimia mewakili tindak balas di antara ketulan zink dengan asid sulfurik
cair.
H2SO4 + Zn ZnSO4 + H2
An increase in which factor will cause the production of hydrogen gas to be faster?
Peningkatan faktor manakah menyebabkan penghasilan gas hydrogen yang lebih
cepat?
A PressureTekanan
B Volume of acid
Isipadu asid
C Size of zinc granules
Saiz granul zink
D Temperature of the mixture
Suhu campuran
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15 The following statements are related to the collision theory of a reactionPernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan teori perlanggaran bagi satu tindak balas
Which of the following combinations is true about the effect of the rise in temperature on the
reactant particles?Antara kombinasi berikut yang manakah benar tentang kesan peningkatan suhu ke atas
zarah bahan tindak balas?I Total surface area of the reactant particles increases
Jumlah luas permukaan zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
II The kinetic energy of the reactant particles increasesTenaga kinetik zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
III The frequency of the collision between the reactant particles increasesFrekuensi perlanggaran antara zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
IV The number of reactant particles per unit volume increasesBilangan zarah bahan tindak balas per unit isipadu bertambah
A
B
C
D
I and II only
I dan II sahaja
II and III only
II dan III sahaja
III and IV only
III dan IV sahaja
I and IV onlyI dan IV sahaja
16 The following equation shows a reaction to produce hydrogen gas.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas untuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen.
Which of the following statements will increase the rate of production of hydrogen gas ?
Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah akan meningkatkan kadar penghasilan gas
hidrogen?
A
B
C
D
Increase the time of reactionMemanjangkan masa tindak balas
Increase the volume of acid
Menambahkan isipadu asid
Increase the size of granulated magnesium
Menambahkan saiz butir magnesium
Increase the temperature of the mixture
Meningkatkan suhu campuran
2HCl + Mg MgCl2 + H2
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Trial kedah 2009
17 Figure 12 shows the graph of total volume of oxygen gas released against time for
the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan graf bagi jumlah isipadu gas oksigen yang terbebas
melawan masa untuk penguraian hidrogen peroksida.
Which of the following is the inference from the graph?
Manakah yang berikut adalah inferens daripada graf ?
I
II
III
IV
Rate of gas released at t2 is zero
Kadar pembebasan gas pada t2 adalah sifar
The average rate of gas released in duration t1 is V/t1 cm3
min-1
Purata kadar pembebasan gas dalam tempoh t1 ialah V/t1 cm3
min-1
Rate of gas released at the initial reaction is highestKadar pembebasan gas pada permulaan tindak balas adalah paling tinggi
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide decreases with time
Penguraianhidrogen peroksida berkurangan dengan masa.
A
B
C
D
I , II and III only
I, III and IV only
II, III and IV only
I,II ,III and IV
18 Graph 1 in Figure 13 is obtained from the reaction between 5 g of large marblechips and 100 cm
31.0 mol dm
-3of hydrochloric acid.
Graf I dalam Rajah 13 dihasilkan daripada tindak balas antara 5 g ketulan
marmar dan 100 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
asid hidroklorik.
Figure 12
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Which of the following reaction will produce graph 2?
Manakah antara tindak balas berikut akan menghasilkan graf 2?
A
B
C
D
5 g large marble chips added to 100 cm 1.0 mol dm-
hydrochloric acid
5 g ketulan marmar ditambah kepada 100 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
asid hidroklorik
5 g crushed marble chips added to 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid5 g serbuk marmar ditambah kepada 100 cm
31.0 mol dm
-3asid hidroklorik
5 g large marble chips added to 50 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
5 g ketulan marmar ditambah kepada 50 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
asid hidroklorik
5 g crushed marble chips added to 50 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
5 g serbuk marmar ditambah kepada 50 cm3
1.0 mol dm-3
asid hidroklorik
19 The table shows the volume of oxygen gas released for the decomposition of hydrogenperoxide.
Jadual menunjukkan isipadu gas oksigen yang dibebaskan bagi penguraian
hidrogen peroksida.
Time (s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Volume of oxygen (cm3) 0.0 6.6 12.5 17.9 23.0 27.8 31.8 35.2
What is the average rate of reaction in the third minutes?
Berapakah kadar tindak balas purata pada minit ke tiga?
A
B
C
D
0.11 cm
3
s
-1
0.13 cm3s-1
0.15 cm3s-1
0.18 cm3s-1
Figure 13
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20 In an experiment, the reaction between 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid with excess zincproduces hydrogen gas. The graph of the volume of hydrogen gas against time is sketched.A curve T is obtained.
Dalam satu eksperimen, tindak balas antara 25 cm3asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm-3denganzink berlebihan menghasilkan gas hidrogen. Graf isipadu gas hidrogen melawan
masa dilakarkan. Lengkung T diperolehi.
If the experiment is repeated using another solution, which solution will produce curve U?
Sekiranya eksperimen diulang dengan menggunakan larutan lain, larutan manakahyang akan menghasilkan lengkung U?
A 25 cm of 0.2 mol dm- nitric acid
25 cm3 larutan asid nitrik 0.2 mol dm-3
B 30 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid
30 cm3 larutan asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm-3
C 50 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid50 cm3 larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm-3
D 100 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid100 cm3 larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm-3
Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3
Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm3
U
T
Time/second
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21 Figure 10 shows the graph of total volume of carbon dioxide against time for the
reaction of a metal carbonate with dilute acid for experiment P and experiment Q.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan graf bagi jumlah isipadu karbon dioksida melawan masa
bagi tindak balas karbonat logam dengan asid cair bagi eksperimen P dan
eksperimen Q.
Which of the following explains the differences between both curves from the
experiments?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menerangkan perbezaan antara dua lengkuk bagi
eksperimen tersebut?
22 Which of the following is the characteristic of a catalyst?Antara berikut, yang manakah ciri mangkin?
A Catalyst changes chemically after a reactionMangkin berubah secara kimia selepas suatu tindak balas
B Catalyst increases the quantity of the productMangkin meningkatkan kuantiti hasil tindak balas
C Catalyst may change physically after a reaction
Mangkin berubah secara fizikal selepas suatu tindak balasD Catalyst is required in a large amount in a reactionMangkin diperlukan dalam kuantiti yang banyak dalam suatu tindak balas
I
II
III
IV
Temperature of acid in experiment P is higher than in experiment Q
Suhu asid dalam eksperimen P lebih tinggi daripada dalam eksperimen Q
Catalyst is used in experiment P but not in experiment Q
Mangkin digunakan dalam eksperimen P tetapi tidak dalam eksperimen Q
Quantities of metal carbonate and acid used in experiment P are more than
that in experiment Q
Kuantiti karbonat logam dan asid dalam eksperimen P melebihi dalam
eksperimen Q
Small particle size of metal carbonate is used in experiment P and big
particle size of metal carbonate is used in experiment Q
Saiz zarah karbonat logam yang kecil digunakan dalam eksperimen P dan
saiz zarah karbonat logam yang besar digunakan dalam eksperimen Q
A
B
CD
III and IV only
I , II and III only
I, II and IV onlyI, II , III and IV
Figure 10
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23 Which of the following reactants produces the highest rate of reaction with magnesium powder?Antara bahan tindak balas berikut, yang manakah menghasilkan kadar tindak balas paling tinggi
dengan serbuk magnesium?
A
B
C
D
25 cm of ethanoic acid 0.1 mol dm-
25 cm3asid etanoik0.1 mol dm
-3
25 cm3
of nitric acid 0.1 mol dm-3
25 cm3asid nitrik0.1 mol dm
-3
25 cm3
of hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm-3
25 cm3asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm
-3
25 cm3
of sulphuric acid 0.1 mol dm-3
25 cm3asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm
-3
24 Diagram 11 shows the graph of the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced against time for thereaction of excess zinc carbonate and dilute sulphuric acid
Rajah 11 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang terbebas melawan masa bagi tindak
balas antara zink karbonat berlebihan dengan asid sulfurik cair.
Diagram 11Rajah 11
The gradient of the graph decreases with time becauseKecerunan graf semakin berkurang terhadap masa kerana
A
B
C
D
catalyst is not usedmangkin tidak digunakan
temperature of reaction decreasessuhu tindak balas semakin menurun
volume of mixure decreasesisi padu campuran semakin menurun
concentration of sulphuric acid decreaseskepekatan asid sulfurik semakin berkurang
Volume of carbon
dioxide gas
Isi adu as karbon
Time/sMasa
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25 The diagram shows an energy profile for a reaction which is represented by the following
equation:
Rajah menunjukkan profil tenaga bagi tindak balas yang diwakili oleh persamaanberikut:
R + S P + Q
What is the activation energy for this reaction?
Apakah tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas ini?
A
B
C
D
y kJ
x kJ
(y x) kJ
(x y) kJ
26 The chemical equation shows the reaction between copper and silver nitrate solution.Persamaan kimia menunjukkan tindak balas di antara kuprum dengan larutan argentumnitrat.
Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
Which of the following increases the frequency of the effective collisions of the reactingparticles?
x kJ
y kJ
R + S
P + Q
Energy
Tena a
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Antara berikut, yang manakah akan meningkatkan frekuensi perlanggaran berkesanbahan tindak balas?
A Decrease the size of copperMengurangkan saiz kuprum
B Increase the mass of copperMenambahkan jisim kuprum
C Increase the volume of silver nitrate solutionMenambahkan isipadu larutan argentum nitrat
D Decrease the temperature of silver nitrate solutionMerendahkan suhu larutan argentum nitrat
27 Table 2 shows the reaction conditions of two experiments to investigate the rate ofreaction between nitric acid and granulated zinc.Jadual 2 menunjukkan keadaan tindak balas bagi dua eksperimen untuk mengkajikadar tindak balas di antara asid nitrik dengan ketulan zink.
Experiment Mass ofgranulated zinc(g)
Volume of nitricacid(cm3)
Concentration of nitricacid(mol dm-3)
I 2.0 100 0.1
II 2.0 50 0.2
TABLE 2
Which of the following is the correct graph of volume of hydrogen gas released againsttime for both Experiment I and Experiment II?
A B
C DI
Volume of hydrogengas/cm
3
Time/s
I
II
Volume of hydrogengas/cm
3
Time/s
I
II
Volume of hydrogengas/cm
3
Time/s
II
I
Volume of hydrogengas/cm
3
Time/s
III
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28. Table 8 shows the total volume of carbon dioxide gas collected from the reactionbetween hydrochloric acid and excess marble chips.
Jadual 8 menunjukkan jumlah isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang terkumpul dalam tindakbalas antara asid hidroklorik dengan ketulan marmar berlebihan.
TABLE 8JADUAL 8
What is the average rate of reaction in the first second minute?Apakah kadar tindak balas purata dalam minit kedua?
A 0.17 cm3 s-1
B 0.22 cm
3
s
-1
C 0.33 cm3 s-1D 0.45 cm3 s-1
Time(s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Volume of carbon dioxide gas(cm ) 0 15 27 35 40 44 44 44
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PAPER 2
SECTION A
1Diagram 5 shows two experiments to investigate one factor that affects the rate of reactionbetween zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji satu factor yang mempengaruhi kadartindak balas antara zink dan asid hidroklorik.
a) (i) Based on Diagram 5, state the factor that affects the rate of reaction in thisexperiment.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5 nyatakan factor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalameksperimen ini.
...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Diagram 5Rajah 5
50 cm
of 1.0 mol dm
-
hydrochloric acid
50 cm3of 1.0 mol dm
-3asid
hidroklorik
Hydrogen gasGas hidrogen
Excess zinc granulesButiran zink berlebihan
50 cmof 1.0 mol dm
-
hydrochloric acid +Copper (II) sulphate solution
50 cm3of 1.0 mol dm
-3
asid hidroklorik +Larutan kuprum (II) sulfat
Excess zinc granulesButiran zink berlebihan
Experiment IIEksperimen II
Experiment IEksperimen I
Hydrogen gasGas hidrogen
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(ii) How to determine the rate of reaction in this experiment.Bagaimanakah kadar tindak balas ditentukan dalam eksperimen ini?
...................................................................................................................................[1 mark]
b) In Experiment II 2.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 copper (II) sulphate solution is added. Themaximum volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment I is V cm3
Dalam Eksperimen II 2.0 cm3
larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 0.5 mol dm-3
ditambah. Isipadumaksimum gas yang terbebas dalam Eksperimen I ialah V cm
3.
(i) What is the volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment II compare toExperiment I? Explain.
Apakah isipadu gas hydrogen yang dibebaskan dalam Eksperimen II berbandingEksperimen I.
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) The graph for the volume of gas against time for Experiment I is sketched asshown in Graph 5.1.Graf isipadu gas melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I dilakarkan seperti
ditunjukkan dalam Graf 5..1
Sketch the curve for experiment II on the same axes in Graph 5.1Lakarkan lengkung untuk Eksperimen II di atas paksi yang sama dalam Graf 5.1.
[2 marks]
Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm
3
Time/sMasa/s
Graph 5.1Graf 5.1
Key :Kunci
Experiment I:Eksperimen I
Experiment II:Eksperimen II
V
Experiment IEkpserimen I
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(ii)Referring to the collision theory of particles, explain how does copper (II) sulphatesolution affects the rate of reaction?Merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, terangkan bagaimana larutan kuprum(II) sulfatmempengaruhi kadar tindak balas?
...
...........
............................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
c) Table 5 shows three experiments done by a student.Jadual 5 menunjukkan tiga eksperimen yang telah dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar.
Experiment
Eksperimen
Reactants
Bahan tindak balas
A
Excess calcium carbonate chips and 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid.
Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 25 cm3
asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3
.
B
Excess calcium carbonate chips and 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid.
Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 25 cm3
asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3
.
C
Excess calcium carbonate chips and 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid.
Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 100 cm3
asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3
.
The graph of carbon dioxide gas produced against time is sketch as shown inGraph 5.2. .
Table 5
Experiment A
Time/sMasa/s
Volume of carbon dioxide/ cm3
Isipadu karbon dioksida/cm3
GRAPH 5.2GRAF 5.2
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Based on Table 5 and graph 5.2 , determine which curves represent theresults of Experiment B and Experiment C. Write your answers in the boxes provided.
Berdasarkan Jadual 5 dan Graf 5.2, tentukan lengkung manakah mewakili keputusan bagi
Eksperimen B dan C. Tuliskan jawapan anda dalam kotak yang disediakan [2 marks]
2. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas in the presence of acatalyst. Two experiments were carried out to compare the effects of two differentcatalysts on the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. In each experiment,0.010 mol of the different catalyst was added to 40cm3 of 0.05 mol dm3 hydrogenperoxide solution. The volume of oxygen produced was measured at 30 secondsintervals. The results were plotted in the graphs below.
Hidrogen peroksida terurai kepada air dan gas oksigen dalam kehadiran suatumangkin. Dua eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk membandingkan kesan duamangkin yang berbeza ke atas kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida. Dalam setiapeksperimen, sebanyak 0.010 mol mangkin yang berbeza telah ditambahkan kedalam 40 cm3 0.05moldm3 larutan hidrogen peroksida.. Isipadu oksigen yang
terhasil diukur pada selang masa 30 saat. Keputusan yang didapati diplot pada grafdibawah.
Graph of volume of oxygen gas against time
Graf isipadu gas oksigen melawan masa
60
Volumeof
oxygen/cm
3
[isipaduoksigen/cm
3]
10
20
30
40
50
030
1501209060 180 210
Time/s [masa/s]
Experiment I :Manganese(IV) oxide as catalyst
Experiment II: Iron (III) oxide as catalyst
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(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the set up of apparatus that can be used for theseexperiments.
Lukis satu gambarajah berlabel bagi radas yang boleh digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.
[2 marks]
(b) Calculate the average rate of reaction for the first 90 seconds for Experiment I andExperiment II from the above graph.Hitungkan kadar purata tindakbalas bagi 90 saat pertama bagi Eksperimen I danEksperiment II daripada graf di atas.
(i) Experiment I [Eksperimen I.]
[2 marks]
(ii) Experiment II [Eksperimen II ]
[2 marks]
(c) Based on your results in b(i) and b(ii), name the better catalyst.Berdasarkan jawapan anda dalam b(i) dan b(ii), namakan mangkin yang lebih baik.
............................................................................................................................ ....................[1 mark]
(d) If Experiment II is allowed to continue until the reaction is completed, predict the totalvolume of oxygen that will be produced.Jika Eksperimen II dibiarkan berterusan sehingga tindakbalas selesai, ramalkanjumlah isipadu oksigen yang akan terhasil.
................................................................................................................................................
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[1 mark]
(e) A third experiment was carried out using 40cm3 of 0.1mol dm3 hydrogen peroxideaqueous solution and 0.010 mol of manganese (IV)oxide. Sketch the curve you wouldexpect to obtain on the same axis and label it as P.Satu eksperimen yang ketiga telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan 40cm30.1moldm3 larutan akeuas hidrogen peroksida dan 0.010 mol mangan(IV)oksida. Lakarkanlengkung yang dijangka akan didapati pada paksi yang sama dan labelkan graf itusebagaiP.
[2 marks]
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2 Experiments are carried out to investigate the rate of reaction between zinc and nitric
acid.
Table 4 shows the information of reactants used in each experiment.
Experiment Reactant
I Excess zinc granules and 50.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 nitric acid.
II Excess zinc granules and 50.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid.
The maximum volume of gas released in Experiment II is 60 cm3. The graph for thevolume of gas against time for Experiment II is sketched as shown in Graph 2.
a)Based on the experiment, define the meaning of the rate of reaction.
[1 mark]
b) Write the chemical formula for the gas released in these experiments.
TABLE 4
Volume of gas/cm3
Time/s
60
80
GRAPH 2
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[1 mark]
c) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment II.
[1 mark]
d) The chemical equation for Experiment I is shown below.
Zn + 2HNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + H2
Based on Table 4, calculate the maximum volume of gas released in Experiment I.[1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure]
[3 marks]
e) Sketch the curve for Experiment I on the same axes in Graph 2.
[2 marks]
f) Using the collision theory, explain why there is a difference between the rate ofreaction in Experiments I and Experiment II.
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[3 marks]
PAPER 2
SECTION B AND C
1. (a) Smaller pieces of charcoal are easily burnt compare to bigger pieces ofcharcoal.Explain why.Arang bersaiz kecil lebih cepat terbakar berbanding arang yang besar.Terangkan mengapa.
[4 marks]
(b)A group of students carried out three experiments to investigate the factors
affecting the rate of reaction.Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan tiga eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
Table 8 shows the results of the experiments.Jadual 8 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen itu.
ExperimentEksperimen
I II III
Set-up ofapparatus
Susunan radas
Temperature /oC
Suhu /oC
30 35 30
Time taken for Xmark todisappear fromsight / s
Masa yang diambiluntuk tanda X
tidak kelihatan / s
18 10 50
50 cm of 0.2 moldm
-3sodium
thiosulphate solution50 cm
3larutan
natrium tiosulfat0.2 mol dm
-3
+10 cm
3of 1.0 mol
dm-3
sulphuric acid10 cm
3asid sulfurik
1.0 mol dm-3
50 cm of 0.2 moldm
-3sodium
thiosulphate solution50 cm
3larutan
natrium tiosulfat0.2 mol dm
-3
+10 cm
3of 1.0 mol
dm-3
sulphuric acid10 cm
3asid sulfurik
1.0 mol dm-3
50 cm of 0.1 moldm
-3sodium
thiosulphate solution50 cm
3larutan
natrium tiosulfat0.1 mol dm
-3
+10 cm
3of 1.0 mol
dm-3
sulphuric acid10 cm
3asid sulfurik
1.0 mol dm-3
Table 8Jadual 8
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(i)Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and Experiment II.Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
[2 marks]
(ii)The chemical equation below shows the reaction between sulphuric acid andsodium thiosulphate solution.
Persamaan kimia di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas antara asid sulfurik dengan larutannatrium tiosulfat.
Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + SO2 + S + H2O
Calculate the maximum mass of sulphur produced in Experiment III.Hitung jisim maksimum sulfur yang terhasil dalam Eksperimen III.
[ Relative Atomic Mass : S = 32 ][ Jisim Atom Relatif : S = 32 ]
[4 marks]
(iii) Based on Table 8, compare the rate of reaction betweenBerdasarkan Jadual 8, bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara
Experiment I and Experiment IIEksperimen I dan Eksperimen II
Experiment I and Experiment IIIEksperimen I dan Eksperimen III
In each case, explain the difference in the rate of reaction with reference to theCollision Theory.Bagi setiap kes, terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas dengan merujuk kepada
Teori Perlanggaran.
[10 marks]
3. (a) Food can be cooked faster when smaller pieces of charcoal are used compare tobigger pieces of charcoal. Explain why.Makanan akan lebih cepat masak apabila menggunakan arang yang bersaiz kecil berbandingarang bersaiz besar. Terangkan mengapa.
[4 marks]
(b) A group of students carried out three experiments to investigate the factors affaectingthe rate of reaction between sulphuric acid and zinc.
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Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan tiga eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi kadar tindak balas di antara asid sulfurik dan zink.
Table 7 shows the results of the experiments.Jadual 7 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen itu.
ExperimentEksperimen
I II III
Set-up ofapparatus
Susunan radas
Time taken tocollect 40cm
3
of hydrogengas/sMasa yang
diambil untukmengumpulkan40 cm
3gas
hydrogen/s
80 160
240
(i) Calculate the average rate of reaction for experiment II.Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi eksperimen II.
[1 mark](ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and
sulphuric acid.Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced inExperiment III.[ 1 mol of gas occupies the volume of 24 dm 3 at room temperature andpressure]
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara zink dengan asid sulfurik.Hitungkan isipadu maksimum gas hidrogen yang terhasil dalam Eksperimen III.[ 1 mol gas menempati isipadu sebanyak 24 dm
3pada suhu dan tekanan bilik]
[5 marks]
(iii) Based on Table 7, compare the rate of reaction betweenBerdasarkan Jadual 7 bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara
Zinc powderSerbuk zink
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm-
sulphuric acid50 cm
3asid sulfurik1.0 mol dm
-3
Hydrogen gasGas hidrogen
Zinc granuleKetulan zink
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm-
sulphuric acid50 cm
3asid sulfurik1.0 mol dm
-3
Hydrogen gasGas hidrogen
Zinc granuleKetulan zink
50 cm of 0.5 mol dm-
sulphuric acid50 cm
3asid sulfuric 0.5 mol dm
-3
Hydrogen gasGas hidrogen
Table 7Jadual 7
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Experiment I and experiment IIEksperimen I and experiment II
Experiment II and experimen IIIEksperimen II dan eksperimen III
In each case, explain the difference in the rate of reaction with reference to theCollision Theory.Bagi setiap kes, terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas dengan merujuk kepadaTeori Perlanggaran.
[10 marks]
4 A group of pupils carried out two experiments to study the rate of reaction between
magnesium and two acids, hydrochloric acid and acid T. Table 10 shows the data from
Experiment I and Experiument II.
Sekumpulan murid telah menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balasantara magnesium dengan dua asid, asid hidroklorik dan asidT.Jadual 10 menunjukkan
data daripada Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Experiment
Eksperimen
Reactants
Bahan tindak balas
Products
Hasil tindak balas
Observation
Pemerhatian
I
0.6 g magnesium ribbon
and 30 cm3
hydrochloric
acid 2.0 mol dm-3
0.6 g pita magnesiumdengan 30 cm
3
hydrochloric acid
2.0 mol dm-3
Magnesium
chloride and
hydrogen gas
Magnesium kloridadan gas hidrogen
The temperature of
the mixture
increases.
Suhu campuranmeningkat
II
0.6 g magnesium ribbon
and 30 cm3
acid T 2.0
mol dm-3
0.6 g pita magnesium
dengan 30 cm3
acidT
2.0 mol dm-3
Magnesium
sulphate and
hydrogen gas
Magnesium sulfat
daan gas hidrogen
The temperature of
the mixture
increases.
Suhu campuran
meningkat
Table 10
Jadual 10
(a) (i) Referring to Experiment II, state the name of acid T used.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction of acid T with magnesium.
Merujuk Eksperimen II, nyatakan nama asidTyang digunakan.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas asidT dengan magnesium.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
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(ii) Draw an energy profile diagram for the reaction in 10(a)(i).
On the energy profile diagram show the:
Activation energy without a catalyst, Ea Activation energy with catalyst, Ea
Heat of reaction, H
Explain the energy profile diagram
Lukis satu gambar rajah profil tenaga untuk tindak balas di 10(a)(i).
Pada gambar rajah profil tenaga itu tunjukkan:
Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin, Ea Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, Ea Haba tindak balas, H
Jelaskan gambar rajah profil tenaga itu.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
5. A group of students conduct 2 experiments to study the factors affecting the rate ofreaction.Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan 2 eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
The Table 8 below shows the information about the reactants.Jadual 8 di bawah menunjukkan maklumat bagi bahan tindak balas yang digunakan.
ExperimentEksperimen
ReactantsBahan tindak balas
Experiment IEksperimen I
Excess zinc granules and 25cm of 1.0 moldm- hydrochloric acidKetulan zink berlebihan dan 25cm3asid hidroklorik1.0 moldm-3
Experiment IIEksperimen II
Excess zinc granules, 25cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3hydrochloric acid and 5cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 coppersulphate(II) solution
Ketulan zink berlebihan, 25cm3asid hidroklorik 1.0moldm-3dan 5cm3 larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 1.0moldm-3.
Table 8Jadual 8
Diagram 8 shows the result of two experiments.Rajah 8 menunjukkan keputusan dua eksperimen di atas
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Diagram 8Rajah 8
(a) Based on the Diagram 8 above, label the curve for experiment I and experimentII.Berdasarkan Rajah 8 di atas, labelkan lengkungan bagi eksperimen I daneksperimen II.
[2 marks](b) i. Based on this experiment, what is the factor that affects the rate of the
reaction?
Apakah faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimenini?[1 mark]
ii. What are other factors that affecting the rate of reaction?Apakah faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas?
[4 marks]
(c) Write the chemical equation for this experiment.Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di atas..
[3 marks]
(d) Based on Diagram 8, compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I andExperiment II. Your explanation must refer to the collision theory.Berdasarkan Rajah 8, bandingkan kadar tindak balas eksperimen I daneksperimen II. Huraian kamu mestilah merujuk kepada teori pelanggaran.
[7 marks]
(e) Calculate the maximum volume of gas liberated in this experiment. Given thatthe molar volume of any gas is 24dm3 mol-1 at room condition.Kira isipadu maksimum, gas yang terhasil di dalam eksperimen ini. Isipadumolar bagi sebarang gas adalah 24 dm3mol-1 pada keadaan bilik.
[3 marks]
Volume of gas/ cm
3
Isipadu gas /cm
3
Time / sMasa / s
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