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ExtendedIshikawa Pareto Inspired

TM 720Statistical Process

Control

Spring 2008Dr. Frank Joseph Matejcik

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Why is Frank here?

• Promote my research activity

• Suggest possible MSTM thesis alternative projects

• Entertain / Excite Dean Jensen

• I really like to talk about this stuff

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Two Motivations

1. Extend usefulness of a few of the Quality Circle basic tools for larger groups, multi-site use, and exploit their wide use.

2. Provide appealing and more simple alternatives to common qualitative (i.e. focus groups) and quantitative (i.e. Likert (1-5) scale questionnaires) procedures.

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EIPI

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Ishikawa Diagram withExtensions

• Preview things

• Deming Medal, References

• Other Ishikawa’s

• Person behind the method

• Show Visio Tool

• Classic Method

• Modified Method

• Complete?, Pareto / Compare to other

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• "The right quality and uniformity are foundations of commerce, prosperity and peace." W E Deming (1900–1993)

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Improvement sequencesThe fruit of SILENCE is

PRAYER

The fruit of prayer is FAITH

The fruit of faith is LOVE

The fruit of love is SERVICE

The fruit of service is PEACE

Mother Theresa

1. Programming creates beliefs

2. Beliefs create attitudes

3. Attitudes create feelings

4. Feelings determine actions

5. Actions create results

Shad Helmstetter

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References Knovel

http://www.knovel.com/knovel2/library/default.jsp • Juran’s Quality Handbook

– Like a bunch of textbooks– Except no problems– Important authors, Al Gore

• Ishikawa’s Guide to Quality• My page

http://webpages.sdsmt.edu/~fmatejci/EIPI/EIPIhome.html

• Web pics

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Which Ishikawa?

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Nerdy Japanese Professor & Quality Guru

• ASQ Award (for Humanity in Quality)

• Four points that totally encompass the beliefs of Kaoru Ishikawa:– Revolution in the philosophy of

management; that is, management in which humanity is respected.

– Company Wide Quality Control.– Effective use of catch phrases that

are adapted to the trend of the times.– Quality first concept; that is, customer

satisfaction.

Kaoru Ishikawa

Does not like …

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Nerdy Japanese Professor & Quality Guru

• "QC begins with the interaction of people."

• Quality Circles – eventually led to the development of team

concepts around the world.

• "Seven Tools of Quality“– (1) histograms– (2) cause and effect diagrams (Fishbone)– (3) check sheets– (4) Pareto diagrams– (5) graphs– (6) control charts– (7) scatter diagrams

Kaoru Ishikawa

Only pic found

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Ishikawa Diagram

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Ishikawa Diagram

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Ishikawa’s book p24

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Ishikawa’s book p27Used as a prewriting aid,

too

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Use Visio• Visio is under

Microsoft Office on SDSM&T Machines

• Use the top menu in this sequence to start

File > New > Business Process> Cause and Effect Diagram

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Ishikawa Diagram Classical Style

• Group Activity (No formal stopping rule)

• Assumes everyone in one room (almost)

• Sometimes vote afterward

• Ishikawa’s Book (Delicious Rice)

• SDSM&T (Delicious Hamburger)

• 9th grade Native Americans (Fry bread)

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Frank J. Matejcik’sExtended Ishikawa features

• Response to Dean Jensen’s suggestion

• Works with parallel work / multiple site

• Work Oriented not Publication Oriented

• Check completeness by “accepted” stats

• Allows for dissent to be documented

• Uses the same familiar graphic

• Can replace “Qualitative Methods”– Used in a well reviewed NSF proposal

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Frank J. Matejcik’sExtended Ishikawa Efforts

• Classroom trials– Using for Improvement in my 10AM F06 class– Sim class wants “Well written problems”– Tried Again in 10 AM F07 class – GES 115 Why pick SDSM&T? compass exam, move– About Advising in IE 241 did calculations

• Andreas Eikland fictional examples • Needs for projects

– Trials in industry, government, community groups– Usage aids for all of the above– Statistical questions on sampling

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Matejcik’s Trial Procedure0) Have group decide Categories & their place1) Individually make Cause and Effect Diagrams2) Make a group composite C & E diagram

(no new contributions)3) Complete a check sheet (mark last contribution)4) Individually make additions sheets5) Update the composite C & E diagram (only from

additions sheets)6) Update the contribution check sheet (Mark Last

Contribution)7) Stop or go to step 4) If stopped, vote or rank.DISSENT SHEETS CAN BE USED AT ANYTIME!

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Cause and Effect Sheet

• Group or Individual Name

• Circle Group or Individual

• Date

• Topic

• Space to draw

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Additions/Dissent Sheet

• Individual Name

• Date

• Topic

• Round of Update

• Addition or Descent

• Space to draw

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Check Sheet

• Contains a table

• Names run across the top

• Causes run down the side

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Capture-Recapture

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Estimate Completeness from advising question

• Use CARE-2 from Anne Chao

http://chao.stat.nthu.edu.tw/softwareCE.html

• Get estimates number of causes

• Formulas from my JSM paper allow calculation of portion remaining

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Calculations from IE 241

• Make some assumptions.

• R. Ufuk Bissel’s idea

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Calculations from Group 2

• D^ is the portion remaining• See CARE-2, site, data file, output file?• To finish sample more

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EIPI

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Pareto and Juran

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From Ishikawa p46

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From Ishikawa p47

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From Juran’s Handbook

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We can ask

• How much money would you spend?• How much time would spend?• What portion needs to be changed?• Of course, which one would you change?• Which five would you change?

• And report it on a Quality Circle level,maybe a middle school

level!

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EIPI compared to otherIn your work consider these

• New and not recognized

• Qualitative completeness measured– Without short list or over sample

• Quantitative questions readily developed

• Few quantitative questions

• Questions give Pareto ranking– Without wrong priority

• Much at a quality circle level

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Summary: EIPI extends QC tools, simple alternative

• Extended Ishikawa– Very general, Widely taught– A simple qualitative method (i.e. focus group)– Workable for large group, multi-site,– Can sample and verify completeness (unique

among qualitative methods?)

• General Pareto is a simple quantitative method (i.e. Likert scale questionnaire)

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EIPI What’s Next• August Statistics conference with a poster

analyzing this freshman data.• Menuize surveys to general Pareto form • Looking for TM projects to

– Use your ideas, really (Aaron, Andreas, Brice) – Try it at work, community group, government– Use / Develop other software

• R and GNM• MARK• Second sample selection

– Develop or try Statistics for general Pareto

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Thanks for Listening!