THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE EARTH

THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE EARTH

1) The Universe

All the matter and space that exists.

It includes celestial bodies like:

Galaxy:

Stars:

Planets:

Satellites:

Asteroids:

Comets:

Meteorites:

Galaxy An enormous cloud of stars and

other celestial bodies

Galaxy

An enormous cloud of stars and other celestial bodies

Has 4 shapes:1. Spherical2. Elliptical3. Spiral4. Irregular

Our Galaxy is the Milky Way. It has a spherical shape.

Stars

- A celestial body with a spherical shape

- Made of gases

1. ColorExample: The sun is a yellow-orange

star.

2. SizeExample:

large star = giant starsmall star = dwarf

star*The sun is a dwarf star!

SunMoves in two ways:

1. Rotation2. Revolution

• large spherical bodies that revolve around a star

Planets

• smaller celestial bodies that revolve around planets

• the Earth has only one natural satellite: the moon

Natural Satellites:

• bodies of rock• smaller than planets

Asteroids

• bodies of rock and ice

Comets

• Also called shooting star• Small pieces of rock from asteroids and

comets that travel through space

Meteorites

part of the Milky Way (Via Lactea) Galaxy. includes the Sun and all the celestial bodies

that revolve around it, such as:

2) Our solar system

• Planets• Natural

satellites• Asteroid

s• Comets• Meteorit

es

Inner planets: Mercury The EarthVenus Mars

•Outer planets: Jupiter SaturnUranus Neptune

Planets

3) How does the Earth move?

Rotation: The Earth rotates on an imaginary

axis. It takes 24 hours.

3) How does the Earth move?

Revolution: The Earth revolves around the Sun in

an elliptical orbit. It takes one year (365 days, 6 hours

and 9 minutes).