Post on 15-Feb-2016
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The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim EmpiresBy: Rachel McClure
Muhammad Born in 570 into Quraysh tribe of Banu
Hashim Received revelations from Allah in 610
(later became Quaran) Umayyad nobles saw him as a threat Fled Mecca and established following in
Medina Victorious against attacking Quraysh
tribes- smashed idols of Mecca
Islam Five pillars-confessions of faith, pray facing Mecca
five times a day, fast during Ramadan, zakat, hajj to Mecca
Zakat emphasized giving to charity Umma was the community of faithful Muslims Muhammad was God’s prophet No method of choosing successors Sufis were mystics whose job was to convert
conquered lands to Islam
Sunni vs. Shi’ite Sunnis believed in the election of
the most capable leader (Umayyad and later Abbasid empire)
Shi’ites believed that leadership should be passed down within Muhammad’s family
Constant fighting, even to modern day
Bedouins Nomadic cultures in Arabian peninsula Goat and camel herders Founded Mecca Women treated almost equally- weren’t
allowed to be warriors but inheritance in some tribes was matrilineal
Organized into clans which united into tribes during war
Umayyad Split of Muslims after Muhammad’s
death Abu Bakr reunited Bedouin clans that
split War between Ali and Umayyads for
power- Ridda Wars Conquest for wealth and honor not
conversions Collapse of empire because of Abbasid
and Shi’ite rebellion
Abbasids Centralized government for equality for even
non Arab Muslims Mass conversions encouraged Reestablished Afro- Eurasian trade network
(Golden Age of Islamic Civilization) Succession disputes caused formation of
private armies- decentralization Buyids captured Baghdad in 945 Final collapse with assassination of final caliph
by Mongols in 1258
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Works Cited"Create Your Own Jeopardy Template Online." JeopardyLabs. Jeopardy Labs. Web. 23 Apr. 2012."Student Resources." World Civilizations: The Global Experience. Pearson, 2010. Web. 23 Apr. 2012.