The Order of the Orders

Naming of parts of classical column and entablature, from John Summerson, The Classical Language of Architecture, 1964

The Five Orders, from Serlio, Tutte l’Opere d’Architettura et Prospettiva, 1545

Lion Gate, Mycenae,14th century BC

The Greek Doric Order: The Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, 447-431BC

Sir William Chambers, A Treatise on Civil Architecture, 1759

The Ionic Order:The Erectheum, Acropolis, Athens, 421-4-5BC

The Corinthian Order: Temple of Apollo, Bassae, 5th century BC

Acanthus mollis

Personification of the Orders, from John Shute, The First and Chief Groundes of Architecture, 1563

Doric: Hercules Ionic: Hera Corinthian: Aphrodite

Semi-finished monolithic shafts abandoned in the cipollino quarries at Kylindri. Lengths range from 11.85 to 12.05 metres(from Mark Wilson Jones, Princples of Roman Architecture, Yale University Press, 2000)

Unfinished column scored for fluting (Wilson Jones)

Setting out flutes (Wilson Jones)

The method described by Vitruvius for checking a flute

Scratched template for entasis setting out, on north wall of Temple of Apollo at Didyma, ?3rd century BC. Vertical scale 1:16(Wilson Jones)

Procedure for shaping and fluting monolithic column (conjectural diagram by Wilson Jones)

Shaping entasis and flutes on column made of sections (Wilson Jones)

The Coliseum, Rome, after 72AD

Sta. Costanza, Rome, c.337-350

The Carolingian ‘Renaissance’ (Emperor Charlemagne c.742-814): Abbey Gatehouse, Lorsch, c.790

S. Miniato al Monte, Florence, 11th century and later

S. Miniato al Monte, plan (from John Onians, Bearers of Meaning, Cambridge University Press, 1988

Leon Battista Alberti, Palazzo Rucellai, Florence,

Francesco di Giorgio Martini, 1439-1501, Capitals and heads

Antonio Sansovino, The Mint (left) and Library (right), Venice, 1537

St Paul, Covent Garden, by Inigo Jones, 1630

The Five Orders by Claude Perrault, from Ordonnance for the Five Kinds of Columns after the Ancients, 1683

Personified entablatures, by J. F. Blondel, Cours d’Architecture, 1771-7

St George, Bloomsbury, Nicholas Hawksmoor, 1716-31

Frontispiece to Essai sur l’Architecture, 1753 by Marc-Antoine Laugier

The primitive hut as the origin of architecture

James ‘Athenian’ Stuart (1713-88) Self-portrait drawing the Erectheum in 1751

The Ionic Order of the Erectheum, engraving from Stuart & Revett, The Antiquities of Athens, Vol.II, 1789

The Organ Loft, Chapel, Royal Naval College, Greenwich, by James Stuart, 1779

St Pancras New Church, Euston Road, by H. & W.H. Inwood, 1819-22

CORNICEFRIEZEARCHITRAVECAPITAL

SHAFT

BASE

PEDESTAL