Transcript of The Major Body Systems COS 9 Identify major body systems and their functions, including the...
- Slide 1
- The Major Body Systems COS 9 Identify major body systems and
their functions, including the circulatory system, respiratory
system, excretory system, and reproductive system.
- Slide 2
- The Circulatory System The circulatory system is made up of the
vessels and the muscles that control the flow of the blood around
the body. This process is called circulation. The main parts of the
system are the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins.
- Slide 3
- As blood begins to circulate, it leaves the heart from the left
ventricle and goes into the aorta. The aorta is the largest artery
in the body. The blood leaving the aorta is full of oxygen. This is
important for the cells in the brain and the body to do their work.
The oxygen- rich blood travels throughout the body in its system of
arteries.
- Slide 4
- On its way back to the heart, the blood travels through a
system of veins. As it reaches the lungs, the carbon dioxide (a
waste product) is removed from the blood and replace with fresh
oxygen that we have inhaled through the lungs.
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- What is Blood? Blood is thicker than water and has a slightly
salty taste. In an adults body there is 10.6 pints of blood
circulating around. In their blood there are billions of living
blood cells floating in a liquid called plasma. The red blood cells
are the heavier, more solid parts. The plasma is lighter.
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- The Respiratory System The primary function of the respiratory
system is to supply the blood with oxygen to be delivered to all
parts of the body.
http://www.umm.edu/respiratory/images/respiratory_anatomy.jpg
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- Respiration is achieved through the mouth, nose, trachea,
lungs, and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the respiratory system through
the mouth and the nose.
http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/repiratorysys.html
- Slide 8
- The oxygen then passes through the larynx (where speech sounds
are produced) and the trachea which is a tube that enters the chest
cavity. http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm
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- In the chest cavity, the trachea splits into two smaller tubes
called the bronchi. Each bronchus then divides again forming the
bronchial tubes. http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp4.htm
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- The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs where they
divide into many smaller tubes which connect to tiny sacs called
alveoli. http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp3.htm
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- The diaphragm's job is to help pump the carbon dioxide out of
the lungs and pull the oxygen into the lungs.
http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/repiratorysys.html
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- There are many diseases that can harm and even destroy the
respiratory system. Asthma is an increasingly common disease that
causes coughing and makes it hard to breathe. Lung cancer is a
major cause of death particularly among smokers. Tuberculosis is a
disease caused by bacteria that can destroy the lungs.
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- The Excretory System The excretory system regulates the
chemical composition of body fluids by removing wastes and
retaining the proper amounts of water, salts, and nutrients.
Components of this system include the kidneys, liver, lungs, and
skin. www.faqs.org/health/images/uchr_02_img0199.jpg
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- The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from
the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. Cross
section of a kidney
http://www.imcpl.org/kids/guides/health/excretorysystem.html
- Slide 15
- The kidneys funnel the urine into the bladder along two
separate tubes called ureters.
http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/urin1.htm
- Slide 16
- The bladder stores the urine until muscular contractions force
the urine out of the body through the urethra.
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- The liver acts as a filter for the blood. As blood passes
through the liver, it removes amino acids that do not need to be in
your body.
http://www.livercancer.com/images/anterior.liver.gif
- Slide 18
- The other excretory organ is the skin. The skin can sometimes
be thought as the largest organ of the human body.
http://www.essentialdayspa.com/images/emerginc/Skin_Anathomy_and_Physiology.gif
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- The Reproductive System The major function of the reproductive
system is to ensure survival of the species.
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- A female's internal reproductive organs are the vagina, uterus,
the fallopian tubes, and ovaries. They are all located entirely
within the pelvis.
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- Unlike the female, whose sex organs are located entirely within
the pelvis, the male has reproductive organs, or genitals, that are
both inside and outside the pelvis. The male genitals include the
testicles, the duct system, the accessory glands, and the
penis.
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- Within the context of producing offspring, the reproductive
system has four functions: To produce egg and sperm cells To
transport and sustain these cells To nurture the developing
offspring To produce hormones