Post on 27-Dec-2015
The J-PARC Facility and Ideas for TMD Measurements
ECT* Workshop
June 15, 2007
Yuji Goto (RIKEN/RBRC)
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 2
J-PARC at Tokai
TOKYO
KEK
JAERI
NARITA
KAMIOKA
Tsukuba
Tokai1 hour
295 km JAEA
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 3
J-PARC facility
Nuclear Transmutation
J-PARC = Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex
3 GeV Synchrotron(25 Hz, 1MW)
Hadron Beam FacilityMaterials and Life Science
Experimental Facility
Neutrino to Kamiokande
50 GeV Synchrotron(0.75 MW)
500 m
Linac(330m)
Joint Project between KEK and JAEA
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 4
J-PARC facility– The budget for about 2/3 of the entire project has
been approved by the Japanese government from JFY2001 as phase 1
– Phase 1 consists of major accelerator components and a part of experimental facilities
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 5
J-PARC parameters• 50 GeV beam
– repetition 3.4 ~ 5 (or 6) sec– flat top width 0.7 ~ 2 (or 3) sec– linac energy 400 MeV– 3.31014 ppp, 15 A– beam power 750 kW
• 30 GeV beam (phase-1)– linac energy 180 MeV– 21014 ppp, 9 A– beam power 270 kW
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 6
J-PARC schedule
• June, 2007: Completion of civil construction of the Hadron Hall• December, 2007: Start of dry run of the main-ring synchrotron• May, 2008: Start of beam commissioning of the main-ring synchrotron• December 2008: Acceleration to 30 GeV and the first beam to the
Hadron Hall
first beam for the nuclear-particle experiments inJFY2008 first beam for theneutrino experimentsin JFY2009
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 8
Hadron experimental hall (phase 1)
BeamDump
A-Line
Experimental Area
Test Beam
(on the guide rail
for Phase 2)
beamlines for secondary beam experiments at the beginning of the phase1
area for primary beam experiments
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 11
Dimuon experiment at J-PARC• Drell-Yan
– the simplest process in hadron-hadron reactions
• no final-state effect• no polarized Drell-Yan experiment done yet
– rich programs• unpolarized and polarized program• flavor asymmetry of the sea-quark distribution• orbital angular momentum in the nucleon• transversity, etc.
DIS Drell-Yan
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 12
Dimuon experiment• Fermilab E866 experiment
– flavor asymmetry of the seq quark distribution
)(
)(1
2
1~
2 2
2
xu
xdpp
pd
012.0118.0
)]()([
011.00803.0
)]()([
CTEQ5Mwith
1
0
35.0
015.0
xuxddx
xuxddx
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 13
Dimuon experiment• Fermilab E906 experiment
– similar experiment of E866 at lower energy 120 GeV with Tevatron main injector to cover higher-x region
– construction 2007 – 2008 (or 2009) – not yet started– beam time 2009 – 2010 (or 2010 – 2011)
• apparatus– partially to be used at J-PARC
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 15
Dimuon experiment at J-PARC• Unpolarized program
– proton beam on proton and deuterium target
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 16
Spin physics at J-PARC• Polarized Drell-Yan
– ALL measurement• flavor asymmetry of sea-quark polarization
chiral quark solitonmodel prediction
120-day run75% polarization for a 51011 protons/spillpolarized solid NH3 target, 75% hydrogen polarization and 0.15 dilution factor
GS-CGS-AGRSV
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 17
Spin physics at J-PARC G will be made clear by RHIC and pol-DIS
experiments soon…• Orbital angular momentum in the nucleon
– in hadron-hadron reaction, no direct connection between measurement and theory (yet)
– but, any partonic transverse motion and correlation should be related
• Sivers effect• higher-twist effect
– ALL measurement may also sensitive at high-xF…
• Feng Yuan’s calculation with Lz = 1 component… [Harut Avakian, Feng Yuan, et al. arXiv:0705.1553.]
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 18
Polarized Drell-Yan
• AN measurement– Ji, Qiu, Vogelsang, and Yuan
• PRD 73, 094017 (2006)
• sensitive to higher-twist effect at high qT ~ Q
• Sivers effect and higher-twist effect provide the same description of SSA on Drell-Yan at moderate qT: QCD << qT
<< Q• similar for SSA on semi-inclusive DIS: hep-ph/0604128
– Sivers function in Drell-Yan is expected to have a sign opposite to that in DIS
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 19
Polarized Drell-Yan
• AN measurement
Theory calculation by Ji, Qiu, Vogelsang and Yuan based on Sivers function fit of HERMES data (Vogelsang and Yuan: PRD 72, 054028 (2005))
1000 fb-1 (120-day run), 75% polarization, no dilution factor
4 < M+- < 5 GeVintegrated over qT
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 20
Polarized (and unpol.) Drell-Yan
• ATT measurement– transversity
• Boer-Mulders function by unpol. Drell-Yan– angular distribution of unpolarized Drell-Yan
– correlation between transverse quark spin and quark transverse momentum
)()( 21 xqxqATT
M
SkPkxh
M
SkPkxhN qqqq
)ˆ(),(
)ˆ(),()( 2
212
11
2 21 31 cos sin 2 cos sin cos 2
4 2
d
d
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 21
Polarized (and unpol.) Drell-Yan• Boer-Mulders function by unpol. Drell-Yan
– Lam-Tung relation• reflect the spin-1/2 nature of quarks
– violation of the Lam-Tung relation suggests non-perturbative origin
21
,
L.Y. Zhu,J.C. Peng, P. Reimer et al., hep-ex/0609005
With Boer-Mulders function h1┴:
ν(π-Wµ+µ-X)~valence h1┴(π)*valence
h1┴(p)
ν(pdµ+µ-X)~valence h1┴(p)*sea h1
┴(p)
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 22
Towards the goal• 30 GeV 50 GeV• unpolarized polarized target polarized beam
– polarized beam study by BNL & KEK groups– possible locations of partial snakes in MR
First 30% snake Second 30% snake
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 23
Physics at 30 GeV• J/
– gluon fusion or quark-pair annihilation– quark-pair annihilation dominant
• must be confirmed experimentally…• similar physics topics as Drell-Yan process
eq
J/Vqg
Vlg
q
q l
l
calculations by color-evaporation model
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 24
Physics at 30 GeV
• SSA measurement of open charm production– no single-spin transfer to the
final state– sensitive to initial state
effect: Sivers effect– collider energies: gluon-
fusion dominant• sensitive to gluon Sivers
effect– fixed-target energies: quark-
pair annihilation dominant• sinsitive to quark Sivers
effect
J-PARC: Elab = 50 GeV
M. Anselmino, U. D’Alesio, F. Murgia, et al.
RHIC: s = 200 GeV
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 25
Summary• J-PARC will start operation at 30 GeV for hadron-hall
users in JFY 2008• Possible high-momentum beam-line for primary beam
users in JFY 2011• Proposal of the dimuon experiment has been submitted
to the J-PARC PAC– deferred at the 1st J-PARC PAC, June 30 – July 2, 2006– to be resubmitted for the 3rd J-PARC PAC, July 6 – 7, 2007 to
get a stage-1 approval (scientific approval)• It has rich unpolarized and polarized programs
– flavor asymmetry of the sea-quark distribution– orbital angular momentum in the nucleon– transversity, etc.– J/ and charm physics with 30 GeV beam
• Your participation and collaboration, suggestions of measurements and theoretical calculations are very welcome
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 27
J-PARC facility
Hadron ExperimentalFacility
Number of Users: about 600
(about 1/3 from Japan)
September, 2005
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 28
Hadron experimental hall (phase 1)
BeamDump
A-Line
Experimental Area
Test Beam
(on the guide rail
for Phase 2)
beamlines for secondary beam experiments at the beginning of the phase1
area for primary beam experiments
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 29
Dimuon experiment• Fermilab E866/NuSea
– closed geometry
Fermilab Elab = 800 GeV2×1012 protons / 20 sec
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 30
Experimental apparatus– based on the Fermilab spectrometer for 800 GeV, the length can be
reduced but the aperture has to be increased
– two vertically bending magnets with pT kick of 2.47 GeV/c and 0.5 GeV/c
– tracking is provided by three stations of MWPC and drift chambers– muon id and tracking are provided– 2x1012 50 GeV protons/spill
tapered copper beam dump andCu/C absorbers placed within the first magnet
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 31
Simulation studies• Expected Drell-Yan
counts for a two-month p+d run at 50 GeV– 2x1012 protons/spill– 50-cm long liquid
deuterium target– assume 50 percent
overall efficiency
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 32
D-meson– silicon detectors to identify second decay vertex– yield study
• 109 proton/sec beam• 10% target• 2×1033 cm-2sec-1
• × 1 week = 103 pb-1
• acceptance 0.05 – 0.3 to cover forward/mid-rapidity/backward
xF xF-1 -11 1
pT
1.5 GeV/c
pT > 1.5 GeV/cD0 yield 5.5×106 D0
for 103 pb-1
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 33
Polarized proton acceleration at J-PARC
– 50 GeV polarized protons for slow extracted beam primary fixed target experiments
– low intensity (~ 1012 ppp), low emittance (10 mm mrad) beams
Pol. H- Source
180/400 MeV Polarimeter
Rf Dipole
25-30% Helical Partial Siberian Snakes
pC CNI Polarimeter
Extracted BeamPolarimeter
Thomas Roser (BNL), et al.
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 34
Polarized proton acceleration at J-PARC
• Intrinsic resonances in RCS
• emittance: 10 mm-mrad, 95%• repetition rate 25Hz• sinusoidal ramping• kinetic energy: 180MeV – 3GeV
• intrinsic resonance strength for a particle at an emittance of 10 mm-mrad
Full spin flip by a rf dipole
=2.33x10-5
=6.18x10-5
=7.63x10-5 =6.60x10-5Fast tune jump?
Mei Bai (BNL)
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 35
Polarized proton acceleration at J-PARC
• Spin tracking in 50 GeV MR
Alfredo Luccio (BNL)
average of 12 particles on an ellipse of 4 mm-mrad
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 36
Polarized target• Michigan polarized target
– existing at KEK– target thickness ~3 cm (1%
target)– maybe operational with 1011
ppp (luminosity ~1034 cm-2s-1)
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 37
Physics at 30 GeV– cross section
• PYTHIA (6.228) study with PHENIX tune (<kT> = 1.5 GeV/c, Mc = 1.25 GeV/c2, K-factor = 3.5, Q2 = s)
• J-PARC: 3-4 order smaller cross section than that at RHIC– can be compensated by higher intensity/luminosity at J-PARC…
15101
0.1
15101
0.1consistent at fixed-targetregion, too
smaller yield (same resultas Laurenco’s study)
Wohri and Lourenco
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 38
Electron-pair experiment• E16 experiment at J-
PARC– search for nuclear-
matter effect in production
– covering backward production of electron-positron pairs
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 39
SSA measurements• Neutron
– large asymmetry found at RHIC– production mechanism of neutron
• one-pion exchange dominant – spin flip
• figures for study in DIS exps. (HERA), please replace virtual photon with proton to apply them for pp reaction
– asymmetry measurement• sensitive to interference between spin-flip term (one-pion
exchange) and non-spinflip term (other reggeon exchanges)
June 15, 2007 ECT* Workshop 40
SSA measurements– neutron-tagged measurement
• measure AN of coincident particles at BBC at PHENIX• forward neutron, forward BBC, left-right
– (4.500.500.22)102 < 0• forward neutron, backward BBC, left-right
– (2.280.550.10)102 > 0
– asymmetry in the forward BBC has the same sign while backward particle has opposite sign AN
p
N*(*) n+X
YAN(X) < 0, AN(Y) > 0
p
p
n
X
pAN(X) > 0, AN(Y)??
initial-state effect - favored
final-state effect