Post on 30-Dec-2015
THE FORGOTTEN WARFirst Hot War of the Cold War: Korea, 1950-1953
1. Define “containment.”
2. Speculate whether or not containment will be an effective international policy. Explain in at least 3 – 4 sentences.
Quickwrite
Background: China
Communist Mao Zedong high morale from
army & people
containment fails
Nationalist Government Chiang Kai-shek corrupt, inefficient
support from the U.S. NOT troops
1949: Chiang fled to Taiwan
North South
Maps are Helpful (even when they’re simple)
Taiwan Korea
Background: Korea
Japan had ruled Korea since 1910 1943: Cairo Conference: Korea would
remain free and independent Chaing Kai-shek (China) Winston Churchill (Great Britain) Franklin Delano Roosevelt (USA)
Korea After WWII
North South
surrender to the Soviets
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea supported by:
People’s Republic of China & Soviet Union
occupied by: Soviet troops
surrender to the Americans
Republic of Korea supported by:
United Nations occupied by:
American troops
1949 National Election
failed to hold a free election North: communist South: democratic
each side wanted unity but under their own form of government
The War (1)
June 25, 1950: North Korea marches across the 38th parallel Soviet Union gave military supplies to
North Korea and China
QW: Why did the Soviets come to the rescue of the North Koreans?Explain in at least 2 -3 sentences.
The War (2)
U.N. Security Council votes to assist South Korea will not take any
territory 16 nations send
troops led by American
General Douglas Mac Arthur
bulk of air and naval support came from US Truman only wanted to
contain communism
The War (3)
North Korea captured capital of Seoul
counterattack forced half of North Korean troops to surrender MacArthur becomes a national hero
The War (4)
UN & South Korean forces advance to the 38th parallel October 1950: UN advises MacArthur to
cross the 38th parallel November 1950: push North Koreans back
close to the Yalu River Chinese troops entered North Korea
drive UN forces back recapture Seoul
The War (5)
MacArthur wants to extend the war into China suggests dropping an atomic bomb in China wanted to completely destroy communism
Truman says … NO! “It is the wrong war in the
wrong place at the wrong time”-Gen. Omar Bradley
cans MacArthur for insubordination
QW: What might have happened if Truman allowed the bombing of China with an atomic bomb?
Fighting the War
fight continues for two years fought with infantry attacks followed by air bombing raids January 1951 - July 1953: trenches dug See! Maps are Fun!
QW: Describe what happens in 2 – 3 sentences.
Armistice
July 27, 1953 war ends in a stalemate
38th parallel divides North Korea and South Korea
Korean Demilitarized Zone 2.5 mile wide buffer zone
U.N. Troops have to evacuate islands off North Korea
Box Score
Killed in Action 54, 246 Americans 3,000 UN troops 50,000 South Koreans 1.5 million North Koreans & Chinese
Outcome
objective of containment successful US and U.S.S.R.’s negative feelings
escalated North Korea communist: poor
economically and socially South Korea democratic: booming
economy first time international team fought in
another nation’s war
Which one of the following was NOT a result of U.S. involvement in the Korean War?
The principle of containment was extended.
The U.S. and the People’s Republic of China became unwavering enemies.
There was a heightened commitment to Southeast Asia.
The containment principle was repudiated as a viable policy.
Containment had been extended toward perversion.
Make it Stick
Why is the Korean War called “The Forgotten War?”
Explain in at least 3 to 4 sentences.