Post on 09-Mar-2016
description
This book is dedicated to
my parents:Kho Giok Sian (Yeanne Soleiman) and Ong Han Lee (Dharmika Soleiman, 1938-2005)
who brought me to baptismal font
my teachers:
Reverend Lee Sian Hui (Clement Suleeman, 1919-1988) who always watched over on us, his students
Reverend The Oen Hien (Eka Darmaputera, 1942-2005) who proved to me that it is possible to love both science and God’s people
Gedenkt uwer voorgangeren, die u het Woord Gods gesproken hebben; en volgt hun geloof na, aanschouwende de uitkomst hunner wandeling (Hebr 13:7, NBG)
PANGUMBARAN ING BANG WETAN
THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH
IN LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY JAVA
AN EASTERN ADVENTURE
Yusak Soleiman
Boekencentrum Academic, Zoetermeer
www.uitgeverijboekencentrum.nl
Boekencentrum Academic is part of Uitgeverij Boekencentrum
This publication is no. 54 in the Mission series (Missiological Research in the Netherlands). Editorial board: Prof.dr. M.T. Frederiks Prof.dr. M.M. Jansen Prof.dr. A.M. Kool
Cover design: Oblong (Jet Frenken)
ISBN 978 90 239 2078 6 NUR 706, 761
© 2012 Uitgeverij Boekencentrum, Zoetermeer (The Netherlands)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording or otherwise – without written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in articles or reviews.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER ONEThe Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands
The church government 8The offices of elder and deacon 9The classis 12The ministers and ziekentroosters (comforters of the sick) 13School and church 16Membership and church discipline 18Poor relief 23Orphanages 27The church’s poor relief 28Church and state at local level 29Article 36 of the Belgic Confession of faith, 1561 33
CHAPTER TWOThe Reformed Church and the Dutch East India Company (VOC)
From ships to settlements 36Settlements with ziekentroosters and ministers 40Expansion of Dutch power and the rise of the church 41The town church in colonial town Batavia 45Church mission for adults and children (through catechesis and baptism) 47The relationship between the Church and the VOC 51The situation of the churches around 1750 53The life and work of an Indische predikant 55The reformed church in the Indies 62
CHAPTER THREEJava’s Northeast Coast
Java’s Northeast Coast 65Semarang 66Reformed church in Semarang 68
CHAPTER FOURRepresentations of Christianity in Java: Dutch ministers and the consistory
The pastoral care of Christians in Java in the late seventeenth century 71The Java’s Northeast Coast before 1684 73
Visitator der buiten posten from 1684 onwards 75The consistory of the Reformed church in Semarang 86
The ministers 86The elders and deacons 101
CHAPTER FIVEZiekentroosters (comforters of the sick) and schoolmasters
– spreading Christianity in Java
Ziekentroosters in late seventeenth century Java 115Ziekentroosters in Java’s Northeast coast towns 117Ziekentroosters and catechism lessons 129
CHAPTER SIXThe Reformed Church in Java and its members
The Company presence in Java’s Northeast Coast province 131Church visitation 135Church discipline in practice
Sunday services and the Sacraments 146Adopted Children 150
A case in the old-person’s home (provenierhuis) 155A case when money and power secured the future of children 156
CHAPTER SEVENPoor relief – charity and control
The deaconry 159Distribution of needed materials 161Deaconry income and expenditures 165Provisions for the poor 172
The buitenarmen in Semarang and huisarmen in other towns 174
The weesmeesteren in Semarang 175
CHAPTER EIGHTOrphanage
Orphan 179The supervisors 181The housemother 185Schoolmasters and the school in Semarang 188The orphans – admission to the orphanage 190The orphans – life and work 192The orphans – leaving the house 194
CHAPTER NINEProviding necessities for the church: Formal relations between
the consistory and the government in Semarang
Government financing and administration of poor relief 197Ecclesiastical and social functions of the Company’s men 198
Political Commissioner 199Churchwarden 199Maintaining the church building 200The Christian cemetery 201
CONCLUSION 203
SUMMARY 209
APPENDICES
A. Formulier voor de krankbesoekers 213
B. Ordonnantie en Reglement voor het diaconij weeshuijs te Samarang 1779 216
C. Compilation of yearly reports on Church (kerkstaat)in Java’s Northeast Coast 231
D. Yearly church visitation reports 233
E. Empat ratus tahun Protestantisme di Indonesia 248 LIST OF SOURCES 257
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 265
INDEX 267