Precedents: Alien & Sedition Acts Abraham Lincoln,

habeas corpus World War I

The Ideological War The Committee on Public

InformationGeorge CreelPropaganda“Four minute men”Super-patriotismCondemned all things German

Espionage Act 1917, Sedition Act 19181500 Americans arrested

Schenck vs. U.S. (1919)“Clear and present danger”

Gitlow v. New York (1925)

Feb. 1942, anti-Japanese sentiment

Gen. John L. DeWitt Feb. 19, 1942:

Executive Order 9066

Internment 120,000 total

1988 Congressional apology, compensation Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)

The “Great Fear,” McCarthyism Conditions for the Red Scare

Soviet atomic bomb, 1949China “goes communist,” 1949The H-bombNSC-68

HUAC - House Committee on Un-American Activities

The “Hollywood 10” J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI Motivations:

WWIIReligionThe economyRed-baitingWhy were communists bad?

Truman and loyalty Dennis v. U.S. (1951)

Joseph McCarthy Afraid to challenge Some evidence

Sensational casesAlger Hiss/ Whittaker

ChambersJulius and Ethel

Rosenberg Korean War Army-McCarthy hearings

Restricted free speech International affairs Dampened positive mood

Anti-war protest United States v.

O’Brien (1968) Other cases

The USA PATRIOT Act Critics Proponents

The Constitution in U.S. History