Post on 29-May-2018
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5. Bones
a) Describing Adjectives
b) Syllables
c) basic terms / points for orientation
d) bony framework: important (large) bones and cartilages - Extremitas superior = Upper Extremity (Arm)
- Extremitas inferior = Lower Extremity (Leg) - Cranium & Collum =Skull & Neck
- Truncus = Trunk
- Columna vertebralis =Vertebral column
a)
latin Describing adjectives
accessorius accessory, additional, supplementary
albus white, light
arcuatus arched, curved
communis joint, common
brevis short
latus broad, extensive, vast
longus long
major
[adj: majus = big] bigger
minor [adj: minus = small]
smaller
obliquus oblique, diagonal
pectoralis pectoral
proprius individual, characteristic, own, particular
rectus straight
rhomboideus rhombic
serratus serrate, dentated
teres round
transversus transversal, cross
biceps having two heads
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triceps having three heads
quadriceps having four heads
b)
lat. Exemple Syllables Example endo- Endokardium inside, into inner layer of heart
epi- Epiorchium
on top of, above,next to
covering membrane of testicle
hyper- Hypersalivation raiced, high incrased salivation
hypo- Hypophysis low, under pituitary gland [lies on the
undersurface of the brain]
infra-Fossa
infratemporalis
below hollow below the temple
inter- intercostalis (in) between between the ribs
retro- retroperitonaealis behind behind the rear of peritoneum
semi- semipermeabilis partial, half partial permeable
sub- Arteria subclavia
below,
underneathartery below the clavicle
supra-Glandulasuprarenalis
above, on topadrenal body [lies on top of thekidney]
-icus / -inus / -
acus / -tivus / -eus Nervus opticus
concerning,related to,
belonging to,serving to
nerve that facilitates seeing
-osus mucosus rich in ... producing much mucus
-arius coronarius like a ..., ...-
shapedwreath-like
-atus caudatus having a ... having a tail
c)
N omen latinum Basic Terms / Points for Orientation
Origo origin
Insertio insertion
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Arcus arch
Articulatio joint
Bursa (synovialis) synovial bursa / [mucous bag]
Caput head
Capitulum small head
Collum neck
Circumferentia circumferent articular surface
Condylus condyle
Diaphysis diaphysis / [shaft]
Epiphysis
1. epiphysis (of a joint)
2. pineal gland
Fossa pit
Fovea shallow depression of small diameter
Incisura notch
Labium lip
Labrum lip [of a joint]
Metaphyse epiphyseal line
Processus process
Protuberantia protuberance
Spina spine
Tuber knob
Tuberculum small knob
Tuberositas tuberosity
d)
Extremitas superior = Upper Extremity (Arm)
N omen latinum Bones and Cartilages
Humerus humerus / [upper arm bone]
Radius radius
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Ulna ulna
Olecranon elbow / olecranon
M anus Hand
Os scaphoideum scaphoid bone
Os lunatum lunate bone
Os triquetrum triquetral bone
Os pisiforme pisiform bone
Os trapezium trapezium bone
Os trapezoideum trapezoid bone
Os capitatum capitate bone
Os hamatum hamate bone
Ossa sesamoidea sesamoid bones
Extremitas inferior = Lower Extremity (Leg)
N omen latinum Bones and Cartilages
Femur thigh bone / femur
Fibula calfbone / fibula
Patella kneecapTibia shin(bone) / tibia
Pes Foot
Talus anklebone
Calcaneus heel bone
Os naviculare navicular bone
Os cuneiforme mediale medial cuneiform bone
Os cuneiforme intermedium intermediate cuneiform bone
Os cuneiforme laterale lateral cuneiform bone
Os cuboideum cuboid bone
Cranium & Collum = Skull & Neck
N omen latinum Bones and Cartilages
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Cartilago ... cartilage ...
... auriculae ... of the ear
... costalis ... of the rib
... cricoidea cricoid cartilage (of the voice-box)
... cuneiformis conical cartilage (of the voice-box)
... epiglottica ... of the epiglottis
... septi nasi ... of the nasalseptum
... thyroidea thyroid cartilage
... trachealis ... of the trachea
Concha nasalis nasal concha / turbinate (bone)
... superior upper nasal concha
... media mid nasal concha
... inferior lower nasal concha
Mandibula lower jaw / mandible
Maxilla upper jaw / maxilla bone
Os ethmoidale ethmoid bone
Os frontale frontal bone
Os hyoideum hyoid bone
Os lacrimale lacrimal bone
Os nasale nasal bone
Os occipitale occipital bone
Os palatinum hard part of the palate
Os parietale parietal bone
Os sphenoidale sphenoid bone
Os temporale temporal bone
Os zygomaticum cheek bone / zygomatic bone
Processusstyloideus stylus-like bprocess
Processus mastoideus mastoid process
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Processus pterygoideus pterygoid process
Vomer ploughshare-like bone
Truncus = Trunk
N omen latinum Bones and Cartilages
Clavicula collarbone / clavicle
Costa rib
Scapula shoulder blade
Sternum breastbone
Os coxae hip-bone (consists of the three following bones)
Os iIlium ilium
Os ischii ischium
Os pubis pubis / pubic bone
Columna vertebralis = Vertebral column
N omen latinum Bones and Cartilages
Discus intervertebralis (intervertebral) disc
Vertebra vertebra
Processus transversus transverse process
Processus spinosus spinous process
Foramen intervertebrale intervertebral foramen
Vertebrae cervicales vertebra of the neck
Vertebrae thoracicae vertebra of the chest
Vertebrae lumbales vertebra of the loin
Vertebra cervicalis I = Atlas first vertebra (of the neck)
Vertebra cervicalis II = Axis second vertebra (of the neck)
Vertebra cervicalis VII =Vertebra prominens
seventh vertebra (of the neck,with palpable spinous process)
Promontorium sacral promontory
Os coccygis coccyx
Os sacrum sacrum
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