Taisei MORISHITA, Hiroaki SAITO and Shin TANIHydrographic and Oceanographic Department (JHOD)

Japan Coast Guard

1. Earthquake and Tsunami (review)

2. JHOD’s Response Activities (overview)

3. Hydrographic Surveys

4. Progress and Future

Sendai

Tokyo

Osaka

100 km

Okinawa

Tokyo

Sapporo

PacificOcean

JapanSea

Pacific Plate

North American Plate

M9.0

14:46March 11, 2011

focalregion

FukushimaNuclear Power Plant

Sato et al.(2011) Science

Seafloor geodetic observation by JHOD

Sato et al.(2011) Science

Seafloor geodetic observation by JHOD

Navigational warning

Drift trajectory prediction

Hydrographic surveys

Seafloor geodetic observation

Revision of nautical charts

Phase 1 (from March to April)

surveys for access to ports and harbors

Phase 2 (from May)

surveys for revision of nautical charts

Tokyo

Sendai

major citiesalong the coast

geographical condition ofdevastated areas spotted along the long east

coast failures of on-land transports

isolated

needs for delivery ofrelief supplies by sea

GTN: 430 tCompleted: 1986

GTN: 550 tCompleted: 1993

GTN: 550 tCompleted: 1990

Tokyo

Sendai

GTN: 3,000 tCompleted: 1998

GTN: 2,400 tCompleted: 1983

HL02 Takuyo

HL01 Shoyo

HL04 Tenyo

HL03 Meiyo

HL05 Kaiyo

Tokyo

Sendai

HL02 Takuyo

HL01 Shoyo

departed within 24 hours.departed on 14 March

HL04 Tenyo

HL03 Meiyo

HL05 Kaiyo

@Ofunato @Kesennuma

damaged quay

boatDrifting house

Used instrumentsSide scan and interferomeric sonar

SYSTEM 3000, SYSTEM3900, CM2Multibeam echo sounder

(onboard craft) SEABAT8125(mother vessel) SEABEAM1180, EM710S, EM302, SEABEAM2112

Single-beam echo sounder(onboard craft) PDR-601, PDR-8000

fishing net

@ShiogamaDivers from Maritime Self-Defense Forces

(to remove tangled nets and ropes)

Onahama Harbor

36-55-24.2 N140-52-10.7 EHeight 2.4 mDepth 6.0 m

SeaBat 8125

Collapsed quay

Collapsed quay

Crane

Collapsed

Soma Harbor, Fukushima

Fallen crane from the quay

Rubbles

( Tide correction is not applied yet )

Plotting the detected sea-bottomobstructions on a nautical chart

Obstruction

Depth 11.3mRelative height 2.0m

Depth 9.4mRelative height 1.5m

Sendai Section of Port of Sendai-Shiogama

Find them and clear a channel

clearing operation

Informing the results to the port authority

Hydrographic service vessel Kaiyo

March 15, 2011Port of Kamaishi Navigable Area Map

Quay

500 m

Hachinohe

Miyako

Kamaishi

Kesennuma

Shiogama

Onahama

Ofunato

Kuji

Soma

Sendai

19 Mar.

19 Mar.

15 Mar.

21 Mar.18 Mar.

(Date of re-open)

17 Mar.

20 Mar.

22 Mar.26 Mar.

19 Mar.

Phase 1 (from March to April)

surveys for access to ports

Phase 2 (from May)

surveys for revision of nautical charts

VerticalHorizontalon land (by GSI)on seafloor (by JHOD)

epicenter

epicenter

on land (by GSI)on seafloor (by JHOD)

Tokyo

Sendai

Hachinohe

Choshi

Miyako

Kamaishi

Kesennuma

Shiogama

Onahama

Ofunato

Kuji

Soma

Hitachi-naka

Oh-arai

Kashima

0.03 cm

0.22 cm

0.82 cm

0.45 cm

0.18 cm

0.26 cm

0.12 cm

0.34 cm0.43 cm

0.71 cm

(subsidence)Before the earthquakeAfter the earthquake

Ref. point

subsidence

re-determine

chart datum(N.L.L.W)

(from April)

Sendai SEABEAM 1180

HL04 Tenyo

onboard craft

SEABAT 8125~2 m deeper

~0.5 m deeperShiogama

“Smoot Sheet”

Port of Sendai-Shiogama (Shiogama Section)

Zone of Confidence Diagram

Assessed.Survey after the earthquake

Unassessed.Survey before the earthquake

U

(from September)

Kamaishi

Sendai

South North

670 m 990 m300 m

basal part

basement

-19 m

-63 m

The breakwater was BROKEN by WATER!!N

caisson

water depth: -35 m.

-19 m-30 m

Breakwater(submerged)

Sendai

Data request from the authority for water and disaster management

mapped by Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI)

inundated area

surveyed area

5 km

LIDAR

SHOALS-1000

school

Watari

Yamamoto

Before

school

Watari

Yamamoto

After

No. 5

No. 7

No. 9

No. 11

No. 7

No. 9

No. 11

Aerial photos

>15 m

0 m

<-10 m

(m)No. 7

No. 9

No. 11

Watari

Yamamoto

LIDAR topography

sand bars

groyne

[12 Mar. 2011]

[June 2011]

Sendai

Hachinohe

Miyako

Kamaishi

Kesennuma

Shiogama

Onahama

Ofunato

Kuji

Soma

Hitachi-naka

Oh-arai

Kashima

Ishinomaki

Tokyo

6 Aug.

(from Oct.)

(start after dredging by the P.A.)

7 Sep.

17 Sep.

7 Jul.(from Oct.)

27 May

27 Aug.

29 Jul.

5 May15 May

29 Jun.

Survey(completion)

12 Sep.

4 Aug.4 Aug.

InterimInfo. map

9 Sep.9 Sep.

Revisionof Chart

(Oct.)

(by Mar. 2012)

(by Mar. 2012)

(by Mar. 2012)

(by Mar. 2012)

JHOD will revise charts for major portswithin one year after the disaster.

Indispensable role of hydrographic surveysin natural disasters to provide information necessary to ensure the

safe navigation as soon as possible

To keep and share lessons from the past prompt and appropriate actions flexible nationwide allocation of resources interorganization cooperations

To keep survey skills and resources in anordinary time

Thank you for your kind attention!