A fraction is a part of a whole thing or a part of a group of things

Parts of a Fraction

3

4

= the number of parts

= the total number of parts that equal a whole

a

b

Numerator Numerator

Denominator Denominator

Fraction barFraction bar

3

4

= numerator

= denominator

3

4

= numerator

3

4 = denominator

one-half

one-third

one-fifth

one-fourth

When the numerator and denominator of a fraction are multiplied by a number, its equal fraction is obtained

2

5

3

4

= numerator

= denominator

3

4

= numerator

one-half

one-third

one-fifth

one-fourth

When the numerator and denominator of a fraction are multiplied by a number, its equal fraction is obtained

2

5

2

5

Reducing fractions

10 10 5 2

15 15 5 3

Writing a fraction in lowest term is called reducing the fraction.

Property:

The value of a fraction does not change when its numerator and denominator are both divided by the same non-zero number.

1/43

4 1/4

1/4

1/43

4 1/4

1/4

3

4

1/4

1/4

1/4

2

6

Terms of a fractionTerms of a fraction

The number above the fraction bar is called the numerator.

The number below the fraction The number below the fraction bar is called the bar is called the denominatordenominator..

2

5

IF THE NUMERATOR IS LESS THAN THE

DENOMINATOR IS CALLED A PROPER FRACTION.

Proper fraction:

If the denominator is less than the numerator is called a improper fraction.

Improper fraction:

Mixed number:

Divide the numerator by the denominator.

Writing an improper fraction as a mixed number

If there is a remainder, write the remainder over the original denominator.

Multiply the denominator of the fraction by the whole-number portion of the mixed number.

Writing a mixed number as an improper fraction

Add the numerator of the fraction to that product.

Write that sum over the original denominator to form the improper fraction.

Representing proper fractions on a number line

1. Divide the distance between zero and 1 into as many parts as the denominator of the proper fraction.

2. Start from zero, and move as many parts as the numerator to the right. The end point is the image point of the proper fraction.

Equivalent fractions

Definition:

Fraction wihch have same value are called equivalent fractions.

Enlarging fractions

2 4 6 8 10...

3 6 9 12 15

Property:

The value of a fraction does not change when its numerator and denominator are both multiplied by the same non-zero number.

Reducing fractions

10 10 5 2

15 15 5 3

Writing a fraction in lowest term is called reducing the fraction.

Property:

The value of a fraction does not change when its numerator and denominator are both divided by the same non-zero number.

1/43

4 1/4

1/4

1/43

4 1/4

1/4

3

4

1/4

1/4

1/4

2

6

2

5

3

5

1

3

3

10