Mega-Transport Projects : Sustainability and Energy Issues and Implications

Lize Jennings Urban Tran:SIT Programme Sustainable Energy Africa

SACN Sustainable Public Transport Seminar

14 and 15 August 2008

Introductionp Clear relationship between the transport

sector, energy consumption and the impacts of climate change

p Government policy direction focused on public transport (and non-motorised transport) over private vehicles

p 2010 legacy of sustainable, efficient, reliable and safe transport system, based on public transport

Current Transport Picture in South Africa

Transport, Energy and Climate Change

Energy Consumption in the Transport Sectorp The transport sector consumes approximately

20% of global energy reserves and 13% of GHG emissions

p It consumes up to 90% of oil reserves, globally p Concerns around

■ Global peak oil; ■ Increased urbanisation and economic development in

developing countries ■ Increased use of private vehicles

p Impact on the future of private vehicles as the preferred mode of travel

p Decrease in fuel consumed = a reduction in CO2 emissions

Global Liquid Fuel Consumption by Sector (2005)

World Liquids Consumption by End-Use Sector

(2005)Electric Power

6%

Buildings 9%

Industrial 33%

Transportation 52%

TransportationIndustrialBuildingsElectric Power

Source: Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2005

National Energy Use by Sector (2002)

South African energy use by Sector (2002)

Mining 7%Commerce

6%

Residential 18%

Other 2%Agriculture

3% Transport 24%

Industry 40%

IndustryTransportAgricultureOtherResidential CommerceMining

Source: Sustainable Energy Africa (2006)

South African Metropolitan Municipalities – Energy Use by Sector (2004)

South African metropolitan

municipalities - Energy

consumption per sector (2004)

LA and other 1%

Commercial 3%

Manufacturing 14%

Residential 13%

Unallocated (predominantly residential) 13%

Transport 56%

Transport Unallocated (predominantly residential) ResidentialManufacturingCommercialLA and other

Source: Sustainable Energy Africa (2006)

2010 World Cup Transport Plans and Travel Demand Projections

2010 World Cup Travel Plans and Projectionsp 2010 resources used to create a lasting

legacy of quality transport services, infrastructure and systems – focused on public transport

p Green Goal target of 50% of spectators using public transport to and from the stadium of match days

p UNDP/GEF funded projects (with NDoT and 2010 Host Cities) aims to mitigate GHG emissions through implementation of sustainable transport systems

2010 Travel Demand Projectionsp The number of international visitors is greater

than every experienced in the country p International visitors projects @ 700 000

throughout the event (½ without tickets) p The maximum number of international visitors

with tickets will be 220 000 on day 5 p The maximum number of international visitors

(with and without tickets) will be 400 000 on days 12 and 13

p The current transport systems can currently not deal with these numbers adequately

UNDP/GEF Sustainable Transport Projectp Part-funding of transport systems improvements

in 7 2010 Host Cities ■ Johannesburg, Nelson Mandela Bay, Polokwane,

Mbombela, Mangaung, Rustenburg and Cape Town ■ Focused on improvement of public transport, road

management, non-motorised transport and travel demand management

p The project aims to reduce or avoid CO2 emissions in the order of 423 000 tonnes of CO2 (over a 10 year period)

p Aim to increase the annual number of person trips on sustainable transport modes by 20% (over a 10 year period)

Making the Case for Public Transport

The Case for Cape Townp 10% shift in commuters from private to public

transport by 2020 (Energy and Climate Change Strategy)

p Economic ■ Commuter savings on fuel and maintenance costs ■ Reduced road maintenance costs

p Environmental ■ Reduction in fuel used by private vehicles ■ Reduction in CO2 emissions and air pollution

p Social benefits / Poverty alleviation ■ Assess to employment, education, health ■ Decrease air pollution, which lead to improved health ■ Decrease in daily traveling time

Transport

Cumulative Energy Saved from a Transport Modal Shift - Cape TownScenario: 10% shift in passengers from private to public trasportation by 2020

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024

Cum

ulat

ive

Mill

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Gig

ajou

les

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

-90

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-110

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Comparative analysis of BRT, Train and Private Vehicles Usage

Concluding Remarksp Sustainability and energy considerations cannot

be ignored in transport planning ■ The relationship between energy use (liquid fuels in

particular) and transport ■ The impacts of global peak oil

p Move towards sustainable public transport ■ More energy-efficient service ■ More environmentally-friendly

p Planning and implementation in an integrated manner taking into account the energy and sustainability issues and implications