Status Of ADOLESCENTS

Indian Pediatrics Scenario

Teenage: Thirteen To Nineteen

• The most crucial stage of life with peak intelligence & stamina.

• Time for: • achievement• deciding professions • Developing personality • Emotional instability

• Wishing only good for others, but often end up doing bad, due to

• lack of self-control. • Lots of societal, parental and peer pressure

Teenage CareImportance By Sheer Number

By 2000 ADTeenagers is over 1 billion

• World over -1 out of every 5 person• Developing -1 out of every 4 person• Developed -1 out of every 7 person

Family Life Education For Teenagers1. Teenage nutrition

• For prevention of low birth weight

2. Personal hygiene• For better reproductive health

3. Teenage counseling• For achieving better adjustment in life

4. Sexually Transmitted Diseases.• HIV/AIDS & Substance abuse awareness

for responsible sexual behavior

Low Birth Weight babies Community Risk Factors

• Socioeconomic status of the family

• Severe anemia in pregnancy

• Non Pregnant weight of mother

• Non Pregnant height of mother

Psychosocial Development

Teenage Young Adult

With parents Rebellious Reacceptance

Puberty Changes

Concern Acceptance

Friends / Peers All important More selective

Behaviour Risk taking Put self limits

Attitudes Highly moralistic More realistic

Pre-marital Counseling Before You Have A Baby

• Ideal age – 20-30 years• Do not delay the first pregnancy• Medical & Gynecological check-up• Rule out sexually transmitted diseases • Avoid drugs during second half of menstrual

cycle

Philosophy of Child Development

Reduction of Childhood Disability

through

Reduction of Low Birth Weight Babies through

Reduction of Teenage Girls’ Under nutrition

COMPARISON : MEAN HEIGHT

Age ICMR BIHAR CDC Aff.Indian

13 143.9 140.7 150.1 151.4

14 147.5 142.8 149.1 153.6

15 149.6 145.3 158.5 155.0

16 151.1 145.8 156.5 155.8

17 151.5 146.7 154.6 157.1

18 146.9 153.1

19 151.3

COMPARISON : MEAN WEIGHT

Age ICMR Bihar CDC Aff.Indian

13 33.3 33.8 35.6 42.6

14 36.8 38.1 37.8 45.7

15 38.8 39.6 41.3 48.0

16 41.1 39.9 43.2 49.2

17 42.4 41.7 42.7 50.9

18 43.5 43.1

19 42.9

GROWTH STATUSAge

Yrs.

<40Kg

(%)

<45 Kg (%)

< 140cm

(%)

<145cm

(%)

13 76.7 91.2 8.8 19.1

14 56.7 86.8 0.2 06.0

15 41.5 79.2 1.1 03.3

16 20.6 60.8 1.0 06.2

17 27.5 71.0 0.0 04.3

18 20.5 68.2 0.0 00.0

19 30.0 62.0 0.0 04.0

DENTAL PROBLEMS

Problem 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

YES 40.6 45.8

Pain 11.7 14.2

Gum bleeding 09.4 11.2

Caries 17.3 20.8

Bad Breath 06.2 05.0

Malocclusion 13.5 14.6

Others 02.9 03.5

EYE PROBLEMS

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

YES 62.5 65.8

Headache 53.4 58.1

Squint 00.5 00.0

Stye 01.9 01.5

Short sight 05.7 07.7

Long sight 05.3 02.3

Others 12.4 17.3

EAR PROBLEMS

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

YES 25.3 25.4

Pain 15.4 14.2

Itching 06.0 05.8

Wax 02.6 08.5

Discharge 02.4 02.3

Hearing loss 01.0 04.2

Others 00.4 00.8

HAIR-FACE PROBLEMS

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

YES 78.6 88.5

Lice 52.9 36.5

Dandruff 27.8 48.8

Falling hair 45.5 66.9

Pimples 13.2 46.2

Scar 04.4 11.5

Others 00.8 00.8

SKIN NAIL PROBLEMS

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs -%

YES 32.0 55.0

White patch 21.7 25.0

Hirsuitism 00.9 06.1

Itching 06.1 16.5

Nail Infection 04.0 12.3

Sore foot 06.1 14.6

Others 03.3 05.4

MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS

Problems 13-15 Yrs-%

16-19 Yrs-%

YES 67.1 76.5

Irregular 19.5 14.6

Scanty 09.1 08.1

Profuse 13.1 14.2

Pain 43.9 63.5

Discharge 28.3 21.9

Others 04.0 03.1

PROBLEMS AT HOME

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

YES 42.1 48.8

Unhappy 15.9 22.7

Broken home 04.9 06.5

Alcoholism 17.3 16.5

Substance abuse

01.7 05.4

Economic 21.9 27.7

Others 00.9 03.1

PROBLEMS AT

SCHOOL/COLLEGE/WORK-PLACE

Problems 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs -%

YES 32.5 43.1

Failure 19.0 13.4

Partiality 06.7 05.4

Isolation 06.1 10.4

Harassment 03.8 06.2

CONFIDING IN SOMEONE

Problems 13-15 Yrs -% 16-19 Yrs -%

YES 83.3 83.1

Mother 33.7 28.8

Sister 11.3 14.6

Friend 43.9 45.8

Teacher 00.3 00.0

Uncle/Aunt 00.8 02.3

Others 01.1 03.5

PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS

Personality 13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

Giving Type 75.9 58.5

Wish well for others 81.5 67.3

Abundance Mentality 70.1 50.0

Conflict resolving strategy 63.5 53.8

EYE PROBLEMS ON TESTING

Distant vision 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

Right Eye 6/6

6/9

84.3

09.9

76.9

01.5

Others 05.8 08.1

Left Eye 6/6

6/9

85.1

08.5

75.4

15.0

Others 06.3 09.6

ACTIVITIES FOR PHYSICAL FITNES

Activities 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs -%

Home activities 89.8 88.9

Sports/Games 07.5 02.2

Home Exercise 04.3 08.9

Dance Lesson 01.0 00.0

Yoga 00.0 01.1

Others 01.3 01.1

Nothing 01.8 04.4

FACE CARE

Type of care 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

Powder 95.8 96.7

Turmeric 37.5 34.4

Cold Creams 01.5 03.3

Fairness Cream

29.5 36.7

Bleaching 00.3 00.0

Others 01.0 00.0

Nothing 00.8 00.0

HAIR CARE

Type of care 13-15 Yrs -% 16-19 Yrs -%

Oil 96.5 97.8

Soap 65.8 64.4

Herbal Shampoo 39.3 38.0

Shampoo 43.5 34.4Anti-Lice Treatment 02.5 01.1

Anti-Dandruff Treat 00.3 01.1

Others 00.3 01.1

SKIN CARE

Type of Care 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs -%

Daily bath 98.3 96.7

Oil Bath 06.8 05.6

Turmeric 05.0 06.7

Shaving 00.3 00.0

Others 00.8 04.4

EYE CARE

Type of Care 13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

Home made Kajal 25.3 38.9

Company Kajal 02.5 00.0

Eye Liner 71.3 56.7

Muscara 07.5 13.3

Eye Shadow 00.5 00.0

Others 00.3 00.0

Nothing 00.3 00.0

CARE FOR EYEBROWS

Type of Care 13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

None 71.0 72.2

Kajal 29.0 22.2

Threading 00.0 02.2

Plucking 00.5 01.1

Tweezing 00.3 00.0

Shaving 00.5 03.3

Others 02.3 03.3

TEETH CARE

Type of Care 13-15 Yrs - % 16-19 Yrs - %

Umikkari 47.0 38.9

Neem Twigs 01.5 02.2

Salt 04.3 05.6

Tooth Powder 10.8 11.1

Tooth Paste 78.8 83.3

Brush 77.0 81.1

Others 00.0 02.2

DYSMENORRHOEA

Type 13-15 Yrs-%

16-19 Yrs-%

None 37.2 17.8

Abdominal discomfort 26.3 38.9

Nausea or vomiting 08.2 21.1

Lower Abdominal Pain 22.9 45.6

Back Pain 22.9 38.9

Pain radiating to thighs 09.1 22.2

Others 00.8 01.1

TOLD ABOUT MENSES BEFORE MENARCHE

Person 13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

None 57.0 57.8

Mother 17.5 14.4

Sister 05.5 06.7

Teacher 00.8 00.0

Aunt 02.0 04.4

Friend 14.3 20.0

Others 00.8 00.0

GENERALIZED DISCOMFORT DURING MENSUS

Type 13-15 Yrs % 16-19 Yrs %

None 49.0 38.9

Breast pain 03.5 10.0Breast engorgement 03.3 05.6

Tiredness 09.8 23.3

Muscle Cramps 12.0 23.3

Acne 16.8 42.2

Others 03.5 05.6

CARE AND HYGIENE DURING MENSES

Type of Care 13-15 Yrs %

16-19 Yrs %

Daily Bath 78.5 90.0

Cloth/Cotton 78.8 96.7

Sanitary napkin 07.8 12.2

Trimming genital hair 04.3 12.2

Shaving Genital hair 01.8 02.2

Use of lotion 00.5 03.3

ANY VAGINAL DISCHARGE IN THE PREVIOUS MONTH

Type 13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

Normal pearly white 62.2 68.9

Thick curdy white 10.3 15.6

Greenish watery 00.5 01.1

Yellow stained cloth 04.0 07.8Brownish blood stained 00.3 00.0

Vulval itching/burning 05.8 07.8

Others 01.5 01.1

NIL 17.3 07.8

DISCRIPTION OF SELF

13-15 Yrs % 16-19 Yrs %

Confident 27.8 28.9

Lot of self respect 10.0 13.3

Comfortable 20.3 18.9

Just okay 45.8 48.9

Can’t get along with parents

06.3 05.6

Feel unwanted 11.5 08.9

Others 01.3 06.7

DESCRIPTION OF FATHER

13-15 Yrs % 16-19 Yrs %

Caring/Protective 54.5 38.9

Soft/Accommodative

38.0 31.1

Worried/Tensed 16.8 10.0

Short tempered 20.8 17.8

Dominating 09.8 11.1

Obstinate 07.5 13.3

Others 03.0 04.4

Not applicable 03.0 04.4

WHEN WOULD YOU JUSTIFY- TRYING SUICIDE

13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%Under no circumstances 13.5 22.2Unwed pregnancy/Rape 39.3 46.7

To prove innocence 13.0 06.7

To defeat parents 13.0 18.9

Failed Love Affair 20.5 18.9

Extreme Financial Loss 19.0 11.1

Others 11.8 02.2

DREAMS FOR TOMORROW

13-15 Yrs-% 16-19 Yrs-%

Home/Sweet Home 82.0 38.9

Job/Financial security 76.5 50.0Dependable Husband 32.0 45.6

Lovable Children 08.0 15.6

Sports/Drama/Films 02.8 03.3

Social Status 06.3 04.4

Others 04.0 01.1

Nothing 02.3 01.1

MALNUTRITION AMONG RURAL INDIAN BOYS

Age in years Under Wt.* % Stunted** %13-14 89.6 55.4

14-15 89.7 60.3

15-16 86.7 60.7

16-17 92.9 59.5

17-18 76.4 29.4

18-19 83.3 16.7

*Wt.for age <75% **Ht.for age<90%

STARVATION & ADOLESCENT GROWTH–RURAL INDIAN BOYS

• Stunted and underweight boys were lighter by 4 Kg and shorter by 8 cm.at 10 years of age and 12 Kg and 10 cm.by adulthood

• Normal and malnourished children from the same rural community show wide differences in their adolescent growth performance.

• Nutritional deprivation thus seems to effect almost all growth parameters and adult size.

WAYS FRIENDS COULD INFLUENCE

You To Do Things Against Wish?

` 13-15 Yrs-%

16-19 Yrs-%

NO WAY 41.0 41.1

Narrating Stories 19.8 05.6

Cheating 08.5 03.3

Black Mail 04.5 06.7

Dislike hurting friend 35.8 34.4

For peer gr.acceptance

00.8 00.0

Others 00.3 01.1

DESCRIPTION OF MOTHER

13-15 Yrs % 16-19 Yrs %

Caring/Protective 68.0 53.3

Soft/Accommodative

36.0 31.1

Worried/Tensed 21.5 34.0

Short tempered 13.5 31.1

Dominating 02.5 04.4

Obstinate 04.3 10.0

Others 01.3 00.0