Standards and Protocols

Unit 6, Chapter 12LAN Installation & Operation

Objectives

Describe the installation and operation of a LAN.Describe the necessary management criteria to deploy a LAN.Identify the factors that affect a LAN’s performance.Explain why LANs have distance limitations.List the major components of a home network.Describe the functions of a NOS.Describe the security implications when installing a wireless network.

What makes a good network?

Meets client’s needs?Neat, fast, cost-effectiveManageable, easy on the backendDocumented!

LAN Selection Criteria

What items do we need to consider for our network?– Pg 320

What economics are associated with our network?– Pg 321– What are hardware costs?– What are software costs?– What are immediate or upfront costs?– What are recurring costs?

How do we install a LAN?

Pg 324

LAN Installation

Installation of Equipment– NICs– Wiring/Cabling– Server Hardware & Software– Bridges,Routers,Switches,Gateways,UPS

User Access Requirements (power)Document LAN installation– Drawings– Settings– IP Address usage

Training Users & AdminsStart usageMaintain & Fine Tune

Which network technology do we pick?

Comparison of Ethernet Technologies

LAN Considerations

Protocol:– CSM/CD, Token Ring

Medium:– Coaxial cable and fiber optic cables are more noise-resistant mediums.– Error rates

Speed:– Common LAN speeds for PC’s are 1, 2.5, 4, 10, 16, 20 and 100 Mbps. – Trend is for higher speeds so can transmission greater volumes of data.

Distance:– Distance in LAN is measured in wiring length.– Most microcomputer LANs range from few 100’s m to several 1000’s m

Applications:– Application Program Interfaces (APIs) are used to interface with

networks.– Some software is not LAN compatible.

LAN Considerations

LAN Software and Hardware:– Selecting software & hardware that is compatible with existing equipment.– Speed of the equipment

Expandability:– Adding workstations or more workstations from one location to another.– Ease of expandability depends on medium installed.– Adding nodes is more difficult for fiber optic cables than for twisted-pair wires or coaxial

cables.Remote AccessVendor and Support:– You can be more successful with a good vendor, and a less capable LAN than

with a poor vendor and a superior LAN.– Vendor speed of resolving problems, obtaining needed equipment, etc. are factors

of consideration in LAN operations.Manageability:– Do not underestimate the time and effort required to operate & manage a LAN.– LAN Management Tasks are listed in Table 9-4 on page 260.

Security:– LAN software must have ability to control access to data, unlike stand-alone microcomputer

systems which are usually single-server systems.

Network Management:

Organization & managementPhysical SafeguardsDocumentationChange ControlHardware & Software BackupAccess to Network FacilitiesNetwork Application StandardsNetwork Performance MonitoringDisaster Planning & Recovery

Disaster Recovery:Planning

Off-Site and on site backupsUPS on critical systemsInventory of spare componentsSecure and monitor all equipmentRestrict Access to sensitive equipmentUse fiber for external building-to-building connections rather than copper

LAN Software

Workstation Software Considerations– APIs/Netbios

Microsoft Server– NT– Windows Server 2000– Windows Server 2003– Windows Server 2008

UNIX (HP, Solaris, IBM)LINUXNovell

LAN Security

LAN Security should be built in from the startsPassword rules (length & characters)Remote access considerationEncryption implementationBackups & restores, off-site storagePolicies – User– Admins– Remote access VPNs

Home Networks

Peer – to –PeerEthernetWirelessPhone Line Networks – Multiple computers share one internet connection

Power Line NetworksFaster speeds saw a spike in broadband usersMany reasons to have a home network, but easy installation is the largest reason.

Network Management Design & Implementation

Develop the statement of requirements Investigate AlternativesNetwork DesignSelect Equipment & VendorsPrepare for ImplementationImplementationCutover

Network Management Requirements & Alternatives

Develop the statement of requirements – Ensure that the network engineer understands

requirements– Work closely with management and users– Obtain concurrence

Investigate Alternatives– Ask Questions , research methods to meet

requirements

Network Management Network Design & Selection of Vendors

Network Design – Modeling– Simulation– Star, Ring , fully meshed– Expected Traffic Flow

Select Equipment & Vendors– Use information obtained– Request for Proposals– Calculation of costs & benefits

Network Management Preparation for

Implementation/ImplementationPreparation for Implementation – Develop project plan– Obtain approval from management– Communication to users

Implementation– Installation

• Stress testing• Work Load Generators• Cable and wiring labeling

– Training

Network Management Cutover

Startup of new or upgraded networkTesting each and every function– Use pre-defined test scripts

Increased staffing to support cut overChanges made must be documentedPost Installation Audit of implementation

Review Questions

1. The client software called NetBIOS, which stands for Network Basic Input-Output Systems, operates at both layer 2 (the data link layer) and layer _______ (the session control layer) of the OSI model.a. 3b. 4c. 5d. 7

Review Questions

2. More and more families are creating home networks to ______________.a. avoid the high cost of ISPsb. share a high-speed Internet connectionc. practice their networking skillsd. ensure greater network security

Review Questions

3. One of the most important prerequisites for home networking is _____________.a. thorough knowledge of networkingb. an MSCE certificationc. broadband cable accessd. ease of installation

Review Questions

4. Which of the following is not a phase of network design as described in the text?a. developing the statement of requirementsb. investigating alternativesc. network designd. implementation

Review Questions

5. Management approval of a technical project is normally required _____.a. at the beginning of the projectb. at the end of most phases of the network design

processc. after the network is installed and they can see how it is

operatingd. only under exceptional circumstances

Review Questions

6. IPsec is used in which of the following?a. SPOOLingb. VPNsc. MVSd. PDNA

Review Questions

7. Attenuation is ________________.a. the increase of signal strength by a factor of tenb. only an issue on digital circuitsc. the weakening of a signal over a distanced. only an issue on circuits provided by ATT

Review Questions

8. Which of the following statements is true?a. Network cabling is often more expensive than the cost of the labor necessary to install it.b. It is best to install cabling with just enough capacity to meet today’s requirements.c. Cabling does not need to be labeled because it can easily be traced.d. all of the abovee. none of the above

Review Questions

9. Internetwork designers must ___________a. deal with multiple organizationsb. consider the high speed backbone that will carry traffic between networks.c. understand how routers, switches, and bridges work.d. consider traffic prioritization issues.e. All of the above.

Review Questions

10. Which of the following routing techniques are used in WANs?a. dynamic routingb. distributed routingc. static routingd. All of the above

Homework

Due Next Week– Review:

• Chapter 12, pp. 318-344• Chapter 18, pp. 521-531

– Read:• Chapter 13, pp. 350-371• Chapter 14, pp. 378-411

– Complete:• Multiple Choice Questions 1-7 on pp. 373-374• Multiple Choice Questions 1-10 on pp. 412-414