Post on 10-Feb-2016
description
Spatial planning in the marine environment
Gillian Glegg and Jonathan Richards
Marine Planning
• Is an ‘evolving idea’ which has been the focus of an intensive study by UNESCO
• Has been used in Australia, Canada and a few other areas
• Is a key feature in the Marine and Coastal Access Bill
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 2
“Our seas provide food, transport, recreation,
relaxation and inspiration”
Lord Hunt of King’s Heath at the 2nd reading of the Marine and
Coastal Access Bill to the House of Commons
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Many competing activities
• Fishing – potting, dredging, cultivation
• Transport –goods and people
• Aggregate extraction• Oil and gas
exploration• Conservation
• Recreation including– Shore based activities
(walking, – On / in water activities
(sailing, diving)• Renewable energy
generation– Wind power– Wave power– Tidal power
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Renewable energy such as wave power presents new challenges
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Artists impression of the SW Wave Hub (SWRDA)
And different interests….
Marine Bill Plymouth Jan 09 6
And different interests….
Oct.2009 7
Can sometimes be in conflict!
From cbwps.org.uk
Why do we need marine planning?
• Increasing diversity and extent of sea uses• Evidence of excessive use/ failure of
current systems e.g.– Conflicts between user groups– Pressure on certain habitat types
• Requirements of EU directives to meet– Marine Strategy Framework Directive
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Marine spatial planning
The process of analysing and allocating parts of three - dimensional marine spaces (ecosystems) to specific uses, to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that are usually specified through a political process'
(Ehler & Douvere 2007)
LGiU/LGA Oct.2009 9
The UK’s path to planning
• Assessment of the way forward– Safeguarding our Seas – State of our Seas
• Pilot planning project in Irish Sea• The Marine and Coastal Access Bill -
Marine plans and planning are a key component
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What does the Bill say?• It defines the planning regions • It defines the Marine Plan Authorities and
allows delegation• It notes plans must be in accordance with the
Marine Policy Statement• It makes clear plans must be kept under review • It states decisions in a marine plan area must
be taken in accordance the MPS and marine plan adopted
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12
Goals and objectives
Spatial data
Planning guidance, relevant legislation
Assessment of the region integrating objectives, conflicts,
opportunities etc
Generation of plans; scenario assessment and consideration
Implement planning and management options
Monitor + review
Monitor + review
(Taken from Gilliand and Lafolley, 2008)
The Basic Steps to MP
Good practice?
What do we know about implementation under the Marine and Coastal Access Bill?
How does this compare to the key lessons learned from the UNESCO workshop?
(Ehler, 2008)
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Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
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Goals and objectives
Spatial data
Planning guidance, relevant legislation
Assessment of the region integrating objectives,
conflicts, opportunities etc
Generation of plans; scenario assessment and consideration
Implement planning and management options
Monitor + review
Monitor + review
(Taken from Gilliand and Lafolley, 2008)
Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear and measurable objectives
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 16
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 17
Goals and objectives
Spatial data
Planning guidance, relevant legislation
Assessment of the region integrating objectives,
conflicts, opportunities etc
Generation of plans; scenario assessment and consideration
Implement planning and management options
Monitor + review
Monitor + review
(Taken from Gilliand and Lafolley, 2008)
The Marine Policy Statement should enable, in 20 years, the
vision to be achieved e.g.
“clean, safe, healthy, productive and biologically diverse oceans and seas, the ‘Good Environmental Status’ required by the EU Marine Strategy and the ‘Good Status’ required by WFD”
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LGiU/LGA Oct.2009 19
Consultation on high level objectives (or goals) closed in September 2008
Goals proposed included
• Achieving a sustainable marine economy• Ensuring a strong, healthy and just society• Living within environmental limits• Promoting good governance• Using sound science reasonably (including
precautionary principle)Need SMART objectives and indicators for
practical application
LGiU/LGA Oct.2009 20
SMART
• Specific• Measurable• Achievable• Realistic • Time limited
Objectives that relate to ‘clean, healthy, productive and biologically diverse’ seas
LGiU/LGA Oct.2009 21
Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear goals and SMART objectives
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 22
Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear goals and SMART objectives• A sound information base
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 23
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 24
Goals and objectives
Spatial data
Planning guidance, relevant legislation
Assessment of the region integrating objectives,
conflicts, opportunities etc
Generation of plans; scenario assessment and consideration
Implement planning and management options
Monitor + review
Monitor + review
(Taken from Gilliand and Lafolley, 2008)
Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear goals and SMART objectives• A sound information base comprising
social and natural science information
Plymouth Mar Bill Jan09 25
Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear goals and SMART objectives• A sound information base comprising
social and natural science information• Stakeholder involvement early and often
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Review of plans must be carried out after 3 years and take into consideration
– The physical, environmental, social, cultural, and economic characteristics of the region and the living resources it supports
– The purposes for which it is used– Communications, energy and transport– Its contribution to the implementation of the
Marine Policy Statement
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Good practice?
• A statutory enforceable process for marine spatial planning
• Clear goals and SMART objectives• A sound information base comprising
social and natural science information• Stakeholder involvement early and often• Integration of MSP with other plans e.g.
terrestrial land use, catchment and ICZM
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So how does the draft Bill measure up?
So far so good but there is a lack of clarity-the structure is there but how will this be
implemented
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Uncertainties and concerns
• Scale of plans; level of detail• Integration with existing management
activities• Stakeholder engagement - mechanisms• Tools to be used
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Tools
• Zoning – Based on habitat types or activity zones?
• Cumulative effect assessment– Really cumulative or just additive?
• Decision support systems– for use by scientists or regulators and
planners?
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Uncertainties and concerns
• Scale of plans; level of detail• Integration with existing management
activities• Stakeholder engagement - mechanisms• Tools to be used• Resources – human and financial
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