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SOLAR SYSTEMSOLAR SYSTEM

About About 55 BillionBillion years years ago,ago,

y Th ere was no Sun, no Eart h& no Moon

y Only cosmic dust and gasses drifted in t h edarkness of space

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SOLAR SYSTEM THEORYSOLAR SYSTEM THEORY

The solar system was formed by a slowly spinning cloud of gas and cosmic dust, gradually the cloud beganto spin faster and faster this formed a large spinning whirl at the centre and smaller whirls surrounding it at various distances.

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SOLAR SYSTEM THEORYSOLAR SYSTEM THEORY

The huge and heavy centre became hot enough to starthermo nuclear reaction the centre began to glow and becamour sun.

The smaller whirls attracted more and more particles from the cloud of dust and gases and grew in size finally the formed into planets at various distances from sun .

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SOLAR SYSTEMSOLAR SYSTEMS olar system consists of following things:-

S un

Planets(eight) Moons Asteroids(thousands in number) Meteors(millions) Comets(millions) Tiny sand like objects as well as gigantic rocks

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SOLAR SYSTEMSOLAR SYSTEM N early 99% of the total mass of the solar system is

in the sun. this gives the sun an enormous force of attraction. The force produced by the revolution of planets is balanced by the suns gravitational force. Thisbalance of forces keeps the members of the solar family in place.

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SS UNUN

The sun is our nearest star.It is a huge of ball of hot gasses.

It s temperature so high that all the elements in the sun are

in gaseous state.The sun consists of mostly hydrogen and helium

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SUN S MOTIONSSUN S MOTIONS

The sun has two motions . They are :-1. Rotation on its axis ,Its rotation period at its equator

is 25 earth days And at its poles, it is35 earth days.

2. Circular movement among its neighboring stars andconstellations. it travels at 250 Km/sec

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P LANETSP LANETSThe planets are formed at various distances from

sun. they are independent on each other and revolvein their respective paths around the sun. Only earth,the third planet in the solar system has life in all solar system.

The four planets near to sun, Mercury, Venus,Earth, Mars Are called inner planets or terrestrialplanets.

The four planets far from sun, Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus, Neptune are called outer planets or giant

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MERCURYMERCURYM ercury is the closest planet to the sun .

The smallest and hottest planet in the solar system.

Its mass is 0.055(earth=1).

It revolves fastest around the sun.It rotates slowly around itself .

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EARTHEARTH

In the entire solar system, life as we know itexists only on earth. This is due , among otherfactors, to:-The water cycle

The rock cycleThe carbon dioxide cycleThe oxygen cycle

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MARSMARSThe time of a day is almost the same as on earth day.The martin year and its seasons are twice longer thanours.It is green during its winter and brown duringautumn.Its polar ice caps grow larger in winter.

Atmosphere is thinner seems to have less oxygen, water vapour .

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JU P ITERJU P ITER

y

The planet with red spot.y Sun has99% of the total mass of solar system, Jupiterhas 99%of remaining 1% this is the reason why sun isbecame a star and Jupiter remained as a planet.

y

If the mass of Jupiter had been 100 times that of itsactual mass ,the temperature in its core should havebeen high enough to start thermo nuclear reaction.

y It has 16 satellites.

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SATURNSATURN

y The gas giant Saturn has 18 satellites.y This planet has held its satellites in place by its

gravitational force just like sun holds it in its place.y

However like sun it do not give heat and light to theirsatellites.y It has a ring around its equator made of cosmic dust.

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URANUSURANUS

y U ranus is lightest of all outer planet.y U nequally among the planets ,it orbits the sun on its

side; its axial tilt is other gas giants and radiates very little heat into space.

y U ranus has 27 known satellites.

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NE P TUNENE P TUNE

y N eptune , is more massive (equivalent to 17 Earths)and therefore more dense.

y It radiates more internal heat, but not as much as Jupiter or Saturn.

y N eptune has 13 known satellites