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FINAL TRANING PROJECT ON
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS
LIMITED
Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award ofthe degree
IN
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING)
IN
(KRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE)(MOHAN NAGAR)
SUBMITTED TO:- COMPILED BY:-
ABHILASH TOMARB.TECH(ECE)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am highly thankful to Mr. Y.P TYAGI (GM) for providing me the
opportunity to undergo the practical training in the SOLAR PHOTOVOLTATAIC
DEPRATMENT(SPV) ofCentral Electronics Limited. He guided me from time
to time and gave me dynamic ideas and suggestions by which I am able to
complete my training successfully.
I am also thankful to manager of various department who during rotation
guided me about the works & processing that were being done in their
department .
I am also thankful to all those employees of CEL who classified mydoubts & confusion during rotation in the firm.I am thankful to the Administrator& Welfare (Dept.) of the firm for providing me the facility of canteen &transport.It was a great satisfying experience having worked in such aprofessional organization where the process of learning is never ending.
I also want to thank all the visible and non-visible hands, which helped meto complete the practical training with great success
ABHILASHTOMAR
B.TECH. Final Year
(ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING)
KRISHNA ENGINEERING
COLLEGE
MOHAN NAGAR
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MAHAYA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Abhilash tomar of KRISHNA ENGINEERING
COLLEGE has undergone summer training at CENTRAL
ELECTRONICS LIMITED (CEL); 4, Industrial Area, Sahibabad,
Ghaziabad, (U.P.) in SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC from 10/06/2013 to
30/07/2013.
They are dedicated to their work. Their conduct and performance is
good.
I wish them all the success in their future.
Dr. Sanjai Kumar
(ATM)
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LIMITED
Y.P.TYAGI
(GM)
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LIMITED
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INTRODUCTION :-
Central Electronics Limited is a public sector Enterprise under the Department ofScientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science & Technology,Government of India. It was established in 1974 on 26th june with an objective tocommercially exploit the indigenous technologies developed by national laboratories andR & d Institutions in the country. CEL is one of the rare companies which utilized thehomegrown technologies during all these years of its existence
CEL has developed a number of products for the first time in the country through its own
R&D efforts and in close association with the premier National & Internationallaboratories including Defense Laboratories. In recognition of all these efforts, CEL hasbeen awarded a number of times with prestigious awards including NATIONALAWARD for R&D by DSIR.
CEL is pioneer in the country in the field of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) and it hasdeveloped state of the art technology with its own R&D efforts. Its solar products havebeen qualified to International Standards EC503/IEC1215 by the EuropeanCommission, joint Research center, and ISPRA, ITALY
.CEL, pioneer in the field of Railways Safety & Signaling, has been identified as a major
indigenous agency for design an development of modern electronic signaling and safetyequipment by Indian Railways. The equipment manufactured in CEL finds extreme usagein Railways in the form of Axle Counter, Axle Counter Block System and TrainApproach Warning devices. CELs Digital Axle Counter is approved as per EuropeanCENELEC safety level SIL-4 by RDSO(Research Design and Standard Organization ofIndian Railways )as an approved source in part-1 for various railway safety and signalingequipments for more than 25 years
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CEL has developed a number of critical components for strategic application and issupplying these items to Defense.
Brief History of the Company and Collaborating
Agency
Central Electronics Ltd. is a public sector enterprise, under the administrative control ofthe Deptt. Of Scientific & Industrial Research.
CEL is a pioneer in the field of solar Photovoltaic in the country and is today rankedamong the first few in the world in this area of activity. CEL is also credited with manyfirsts in the country, professional Ferrites being one of them.
CEL is presently engaged in the development, production and sale of selected electronic
components (Professional Ferrites, Electronics Ceramics and Phase Shifters), selected
electronic systems, solar photovoltaic cells, modules and SPV systems and to take upengineering development & production based on indigenous technology developed
through in house efforts or know how from National Laboratories / Institutions.
The Operations of the company are divided into three Business Groups.
Solar Photovoltaic Group (SPVG), Systems Group (SG) and Components Group
(CG).
ORGANIZATION STRUCTUREThe organization chart of the company indicating the
responsibility, authority an interrelation of all
personnels who manage, perform and verify work
affecting quality is shown in organization chart below
CEL IS A HIGH TECHNOLOGY COMPANY
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CP/ HRD - Corporate Planning
CHAIRMAN &
MANAGING DIRECTOR
GENERAL
MANAGER
(CP & HRD)
Jt. GENERAL
MANAGER
(FINANCE)
EXECUTIVE
DIRECTOR(OPERATIONS)
AGM(QUALITY
ASSURANCE)
Jt. GENERALMANAGER(MATERIALS
MANAGEMENT)
GENERAL
MANAGER(PROJECTMANAGEMENT)
GENERAL
MANAGER
(SYSTEMS)
Jt. GENERAL
MANAGER
(MICROWAVE)
GENERALMANAGER
(SPV)
Jt.GM(CERAMICS)
Jt. GENERALMANAGER
( R & D )
AGM
(FERRITE)
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MMD - Material Management Division
FAD - Finance & Account Division
R & D - Research & Development
SPVG - Solar Photovoltaic GroupMED - Microwave Electronics Division
PFD - Professional Ferrite Division
CP Project - Cathodic Protection Project
Rly. Project - Railway Project
QC - Quality Control
PEG - Production Engineering Group
W/S - Work Shop
PPC - Production Planning Control
DEPARTMENTS IN CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LIMITED
1. SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC SYSTEMS
i. APPLICATION RURALS
ii. APPLICATION INDUSTRIALS
2. STRATEGIC ELECTRONIC
RAILWAYS ELECTRONICS
i. SINGLE SECTION DIGITAL AXLE COUNTER
ii. MULTI SECTION DIGITAL AXLE COUNTER
iii. TRAIN ACTUATED WARNING DEVICES
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iv. UNIVERSAL AXLE COUNTERS
MICROVE ELECTRONICS
i. PHASE SHIFTERS
3. OTHERS
CATHODIC PROTECTIONS
CERAMICS
The Major Products of the company is:-
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC GROUP
Solar Cells, Modules and SPV System
For rural application: -
Street / Domestic / community / lightning system. Solar lanterns. Village power plants Rural telecommunication.
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For industrial application: -
Off shore oil / gas platforms. T.V. Transmitters.
Obstruction warning lights at Airports. Railway signaling. Microwave Repeaters.
SOLAR CELL PROCESSINGFLOW CHART
RAW WAFER
ALKALINEETCHING
DIFFUSION
EDGE ISOLATION
ANTI REFLECTION COATING
FRONT CONTACT PRINTING
BACK PADPRINTING
BACK CONTACTPRINTING & FIRINGEDGEISOLATIONANTI REFLECTIONCOATINGFRONTCONTACTPRINTING
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1.SURFACE PREPARATION:
PURPOSEThe purpose of surface preparation is to ensure that the wafers are cleaned & arefree from impurities such as glues, slurry & other organic & inorganic impuritiesthese impurities may affect the electrical performance of the solar cell.
MATERIAL REQUIREDSilicon Wafer, cassettes, D I water, H F solution, NaOH solution.
PROCEDUREThe p-type single crystal having pseudo square shape is loaded in cassettes. The
cassettes are then placed in stainless steel coated jig. This jig is then transferredto process tank, which contain NaOH solution for fixed time. After this, the jig istransferred to running pressurized DI water for few minutes. Now transfer thisjig to process tank containing HF solution for minutes. Now the Silicon wafers areready for polishing.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use surgical gloves & mask while processing the silicon wafer.ii) Use cotton gloves while loading the wafer in the cassettes.
2.POLISHING & TEXTURISATION
PURPOSE
a) POLISHING:
BACK PAD PRINTING
BACK CONTACT PRINTING & FIRING
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The purpose of polishing is to ensure that the wafers that the wafer surface is freefrom any saw cut marks. It shall result in a polished & smooth surface.
b) TEXTURISATION:The purpose of texturisation is to get maximum absorption of sunlight anduniform texturisation surface on silicon wafer by formation of tiny pyramids.
MATERIAL REQUIRED:Polished Wafers, NaOH solution, DI water, HCL solution, HF solution
PROCEDUREThe cassettes after fixing with the help of retainer are loaded in a jig with aretainer so that they do not float in the solution. The jig is transferred to NaOHsolution & IPA solution under running pressurized DI water for fix time. Thisis again transferred to process tank containing HCL solution for fixed time.
This is again transferred to process tank containing HF solution at fixedtemperature for particular time. After that they are dried.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use weighting balance for NaOH & measuring flask for other chemical
for solution preparation.ii) Check the temperature of the process tank regularly.iii) Use gloves & tweezers to handle the wafers.
3. DIFFUSION
PURPOSE:This process forms a negative junction over the p-type substrate. This, therefore,make a p-n junction.
MATERIAL REQUIRED:Diffusion paste, Furnace, Tweezers.
PROCEDUREThe texturise wafer is placed on printing chuck. The diffusion paste is transferredon the silicon wafer with the help of screen by using squeeze. The printed wafersare then placed on the belt of diffusion furnace by using tweezers. The diffusedwafers are then collected on the receiver & undiffused wafer side is markedby quartz for identifications of p-type.
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PRECAUTIONS:i) Use cotton / nylon gloves while printing the wafers in cassettes.ii) The diffusion furnace having different temperature at various
zones.iii) Print chuck should be clean.iv) Keep the diffusion paste bottle mouth covered to avoid any
contamination.
4. JUNCTION ISOLATION OR PLASMA ETCHING:
PURPOSEThe purpose of the plasma etching is to ensure that n-type & p-type surface of thediffuse wafer are isolated from each other.
MATERIAL REQUIREDPlasma etching machine, Freon gas, Oxygen gas, Nitrogen gas.
PROCEDUREDiffused wafer are arranged in a coin stack & loaded in a jig of Al. The jig isthen placed in a plasma chamber under perforated Aluminum base plate. Selectthe appropriate recipe and evacuate the chamber. The gas and RF generator isswitched on for plasma. The plasma cycles are completed in fixed time & afterthen they are unloaded & then kept in a thermo Cole box.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use surgical/cotton gloves while handling the wafers.ii) The operation time has to be noted carefully in a case of power
failure so that it does not exceed the actual time cycle.
5. PHOSPHORUS GLASS CLEANING:
PURPOSEAfter diffusion, a thick insulation layer of phosphorus glass is formed on thediffused surface, which needs to be cleaned.
MATERIAL REQUIREDHF solution, DI water.
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PROCEDUREThe plasma etched wafer are loaded in cassette. The cassettes are then dippedin HF solution-1 by using the Teflon handle. They are again dipped into HFsolution-2 & move up & down to remove the phosphorus glass. The cassettes arethen transferred to DI water for rinse.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use surgical gloves before carrying out the operation.ii) Do not leave the diffused wafer in concentrated HF solution for
some time.
6. POST DIFFUSION CLEANING
PURPOSEThe purpose is to ensure that edge isolated wafer surface is thoroughly cleanedfor removing the type of contamination before sending the wafers for oxidepassivation in order to improve & maintain the desired open circuit voltage of thesolar cell.
MATERIAL REQUIREDAmmonia solution, Hydrogen peroxide, DI water, HCL & HF solution.
PROCEDUREThe phosphorus glass cleaned wafers are loaded in Teflon cassettes. Thesecassettes are then dipped in the solution of NH3 & H2O2. These cassettes are thentransferred to rinsing tank containing DI water. These cassettes are then dippedin HCL solution. They are again transferred to DI water for rinse. The cassettesare then dipped in HF solution for few minutes. After that, they are finally rinsedin DI water. The wafers are then dried in the rinser dryer.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use surgical gloves before carrying out the operation.ii) Use measuring flask to measure chemicals for solution
preparation.iii) Prepare fresh solution of NH3, H2O2, and HCL after fixed number of
cycles.
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7. ANTI REFLECTION COATING
PURPOSEThis process is to ensure the formation of SiO2 layer on the diffused wafer. This
layer passivates the diagonal bonding of the Silicon, thereby reducing thererecombination velocity. This improves the electrical properties of solar cells.
MATERIAL REQUIREDSilicon Nitride
PROCEDUREThe base electrode is heated upto 700degree celcius. the upper electrode is RFpolarized ,water cooled with a shower. Automatic machine network located nearthe wafer. The system & process control unit is plc-pc based. The gas processcontrol unit consist of flow in the range 0-100, 0-50, 0-20 sccm .
PRECAUTIONS:.
i) Use gloves, masks & tweezers during operation.
8. FRONT METAL PRINT
PURPOSEThis process shall ensure an efficient front metal contact on n-side of thepassivated silicon wafers.
MATERIAL REQUIREDPolypropylene cassettes, Silver paste, Tweezers
PROCEDUREThe passivated wafers are loaded in polypropylene cassettes in such a way that
the diffused side i.e., n-side of the wafers are printed with the given pattern. Twosuch cassettes are loaded in senders platform keeping its n - diffused sideupwards for printing. These wafers are then passed through three infraredzones of fixed temperature. The printed wafers is then obtained at receiver.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use nylon/cotton gloves while loading the wafers.
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ii) Keep the rubber belt & print chuck clean.iii) Keep the Ag paste covered to avoid any contamination.
9. BACK METAL PRINT
PURPOSEThe wafers are printed back side with Ag Al just parallel to Ag in front side toget proper back ohmic contact & low series resistance of the cell.
MATERIAL REQUIREDAg Al paste, Tweezers, Polypropylene cassettes.
PROCEDURE:The passivated wafers are loaded in polypropylene cassettes in such a way thatits p-side is to be printed. Two such cassettes are loaded in senders platformkeeping its p - side upwards for printing . Sensors senses the wafers & they areautomatically placed under the printing chuck. The paste is applied as thick stripsby using squeeze. Theses wafers are then automatically passed on to belt havingfixed speed. These wafers are then passed through the heating furnaces of differenttemperature range. The printed wafers are then obtained at the receiver.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use nylon/cotton gloves while loading the wafers.ii) Keep the rubber belt & print chuck clean.iii) Keep the Ag Al paste covered to avoid any contamination.
10. BACK METAL AL CONTACT PRINT
PURPOSE:This process ensures a good back metal aluminum contact on the p-side of thewafer.
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MATERIAL REQUIRED:Aluminum paste, Polypropylene cassettes.
PROCEDURE:The wafers are loaded in polypropylene cassettes in such a way that its p-side is tobe printed. Two such cassettes are loaded in a sender platform keeping its p-sideupwards for printing. Sensor senses the wafer & they are automaticallyplaced under the printing chuck. Al paste is poured over the nylon screenpattern. The remaining portion on the back side of the wafer is pasted wit Al byusing squeeze. These wafers are then passed through the heating furnaces ofdifferent temperature ranges. The printed wafers are then obtained at the receiver.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use nylon/cotton gloves while loading the wafers.ii) Keep the rubber belt & print chuck clean.iii) Keep the Al paste covered to avoid any contamination.
11. FIRING/SINTERING
PURPOSE:This process ensures a good ohmic contact between the paste and wafer
otherwise no current will flow through it. It also lowers the solar cell resistance.
MATERIAL REQUIREDAl baked wafer
PROCEDURE:The printed wafers are placed on the belt having fixed belt speed by usingTweezers in such a manner that its n - side remains upside. These wafers arepassed through different furnace of temperature ranges. The firing cells are
obtained which are transferred for testing.
PRECAUTIONS:i) Use nylon/cotton gloves while loading the wafers.ii) Keep the rubber belt & print chuck clean.iii) Clean the stainless steel belt once in a month by vacuum cleaner.
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RURAL APPLICATIONS
SOLAR WATER PUMPING SYSTEMS
FOR IRRIGATION/DRINKING WATER
Water is an absolute necessity for human survival. In a scenario of fast depletingfossil fuels and increasing ecological concerns, tapping of ground water with aRenewable Source of Energy which is abundant, dependable and pollution-free isvery much desirable particularly in a developing country. One such renewableenergy source uses abundantly available sunlight and the physics of Photovoltaic(PV) by which sunlight is directly converted into DC electricity by means of a
Photovoltaic (PV) module.
A Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System essentially consists of an SPV panelor array directly powering a water pump. Water pumped during day can be storedin the storage tanks for use during night. CEL offers SPV Water Pumping Systemsfor both shallow as well as deep well conditions . Such systems have beendeployed all over the country. System has also been exported to many developingcountries. The generated electricity from the SPV array is fed to the pumpthrough a switch. Normally low storage batteries are provided, as the water can bestored in the storage tanks if required.
SPV Array
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Features Applications
Modular and henceeasily fieldupgradeable
Noise and Pollution-Free operation
Does not requireany fuel
Uses theabundantlyavailable sunlight
Simple to Install,
operate & maintainDesigned to give
optimum outputeven during lowsunshine period
Minimal operationand maintenancecost
Minor irrigation
Drinking Water forunelectrified villages
and remote locationsHorticulture, Poultry
farming Silviculture,Fish culture
Farm House
Wild Life Sanctuary
Tourist Resort
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A view of 100 kWp Grid Interactive Power plant installed & commissioned byCEL
MEDICAL REFRIGERATION
Solar Powered Refrigerator PV Modules for theSolar Powered Refrigerators
CEL has developed refrigeration system for medical health centre at the remotevillages in India and abroad.
RURAL TELECOMMUNICATIONSPV system powers the telephone system for Rural application as also the VHFTransmitter which connects the rural telephone with the nearby District TelephoneExchange through single channel VHF Radio link. The system comprises SPVPanel, charge controller & battery.
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The component of the solar powered vhf rural telecom system
SOLAR POWERED VHF RURAL TELECOMMUNCATION SYSTEM AT
KURUKSHETRA, HARYANA
SOLAR LANTERNS
SOLAR LANTERN is a versatile and reliable source of lighting. It comprises aLantern, Solar Photovoltaic ( SPV ) module and a connecting cable. The SPVmodule when exposed to sunlight charges the battery in the lantern. This storedenergy in the battery is used to operate the lamp when required.
Solar Lantern consists of a 7W CFL ( light out put equivalent to a 40Wincandescent lamp) which can be used for 3 -4 hours daily. The system comprises
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SPV Panel , lantern ( with maintenance free lead acid battery) and a detachableconnecting cord.
CELs Solar Photovoltaic Lighting Systems are ideal sources for
providing indoor/outdoor illumination in remote and unelectrified
settlements/ villages. The SPV Lighting System essentially consists of an
SPV panel battery, a charge controller and lights. The SPV panel converts
the sunlight incident on it directly to DC electricity that can be stored in the
battery and used to energize the lights when required. The charge
controller prevents the overcharging and deep discharge of the battery.
SPV INDOOR LIGHTING SYSTEMS
2 or 4 nos . of 9W CFL of high luminousefficiency (light output equivalent to a 60Wincandescent lamp) with built - in inverter.The system comprises SPV Panel, chargecontroller , storage battery and indoorluminaries.CEL SPV Community systems are suitablefor powering lamps and a TV set . Thesystem comprises SPV panel , charge
controller, storage battery and indoor luminaries and a power point for TV set.
SPV Street Lighting System:
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC LIGHTINGSYSTEMS
Home Lighting Systemsat Hospital in Namibia
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These systems use a weatherproof 18-Watt or 20- Watt fluorescent tube light
fittings . Two models SLS - 03 and SLS-06 are available depending on hours ofoperation in day
Compact Fluorescent Lamps(CFL) has the unique feature of Switching 'ON' at
dusk and 'OFF' at dawn automatically. The system comprises SPV Panel,battery and luminaire fittings mounted suitably on a pole.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Offshore oil/gas platform
CEL's SPV Street Lights in Muscat,Oman
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A Cathodic Protection(CP) Station for Oil/Gas pipeline
LPT/ VLPT System
Very Low Power TV Transmitter
Obstruction Warning Lights at Airports
Obstruction warning light at Airports
SPV MODULE
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A number of high grade crystalline Si Solar Cells , interconnected in a seriescombination and hermetically sealed with a toughened and highly transparent front
glass cover, from the SPV Module . CEL's Solar Lantern is the final and latestanswer to many lighting problems.
Specifications
Solar PVModule:
Wattage 10 -12Wp
Operationper Day:
3-4 Hrs.
Light Source:
7 Watt CompactFluorescent Lamp
Battery :12 Volt/7AH Sealedmaintenance free.
Weight : 3.0 Kgs. Approx (Lantern).
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES PM10/PM12
CELs Solar Photovoltaic Modules, type PM10/PM12 are manufactured usingMono Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. These are high quality and high performancemodules suitable for power generation. These modules have excellent durability to
withstand extreme temperature and weather conditions of the high altitudes,deserts and coastal regions.
FEATURES
Uses mono crystalline silicon Solar Cells.
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Suitable for DC 12V systems or multiple there-of.
Encapsulation of cells using UV stabilized polymer (EVA) and protective backcover using Tedler-Polyester-Tedlar.
High transmission toughened glass superstrate and anodized aluminum frame
for mounting.
Long service Life.
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SOURCE
A typical SPV power source for Panel Stations for Railways consists of :
A Solar Photovoltaic Array.
A Battery Bank.
An Electronic Control Unit and Panel.
PRODUCTS OF CEL
The organization manufactures different products that can be classified
according to the divisions of CEL as follows:
Solar Photovoltaic Group :
Solar Cells/Modules Solar Lantern
Street Light System Home Light System Water Pumping System
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System Product Division (SPD) Group :
Single / Multiple Entry / Exit Axle counters
Universal Axle counters Block proving system Railway Level Crossing Warning system Solid State Interlocking System for Railways Cathodic Protection system Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT)
Electronic Switching Equipments
Components Group :
Piezoelectric transducer elements Special Bearings used in Heavy Water Plants Direction Finding Systems Frequency / Phase Correlators
INNOVATIVE ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
On its 50 Acre Land just on the outskirts of New Delhi, CEL has modernfacilities in all its business groups. The Plant & Machinery installed are formleading manufacturers around the world. The estimated value of Plant andMachinery installed is over US $ 6 million.
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Conveyor Belt Diffusion Furnace of BTU,USA for n-doping silicon wafers withcapacity to handle up to 3 million
wafers in a year.
Screen Printers of DEK, Japan formetallization of silver, silver
Aluminium and Aluminium prints ondiffused silicon wafers.
Plasma Etcher of March, USA for edgeseparation of diffused silicon wafers.
Passivation Furnace of Amtech-Tempress, Netherlands for oxidation on
diffused silicon wafers.
Solar Cell Tester of Astro Power, USAand New Sun, Canada for
computerized testing and sorting of
solar cells.
Sun Simulators of Spire, USA and NewSun, Canada for solar Photovoltaic
modules testing.
QUALITY POLICY
The complete manufacturing operation,
marketing and installation services of the
company is certified under ISO 9002 : 1994. The
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company has enunciated the following quality policy to meet customer
needs and expectations through supply of quality
products and services.
CEL is committed to strive for leadership in the product marketed by the
way of continuous improvements in the quality of its products and services
and meeting the consumers needs in time and every time at a competitive
price.
These shall be achieved through continuous upgrading of technology
and process improvement by involving all the employees, vendors, dealers
and customers.
Quality is our basic business principle.
Quality objective
On time delivery of defect free products
Providing effective customer support
Continual improvement of processes
Improvement of infrastructure
Development of human resources
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PHOTO GALLERY
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Former PM of India Narsimha Raoat CEL facility
His Excellency Dr. Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia walking on CEL'sPhotovoltaic module to check the strength of the module
Gen.Md. Nooruddin Khan.Min. Of Science & TechnologyGoverment Of Bangaldesh
Hon' ble Members of Parliament(Rajya Sabha)
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Dr. Ri Kwang HoMinister Of Science Academy,DRP-Korea
A close-up view of Anechoic Chamber installed in CEL used for indoor testing ofantenna
A view of CEL's Solar Photovoltaic system installation for running waterpumping system in Punjab
SELF EVALUATION
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These 6 weeks Industrial Training has led us tounderstand the various designing, assembling and the
manufacturing processes of equipments in the industry, CEL.
It has also enhanced our knowledge about the
functioning and management of an industry, which we are
sure, will be beneficial to us in our career.
ABHILASH TOMAR
B. TECH. Final Year
(KRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE)
MOHAN NAGAR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MAHAMAYA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY(NODIA)
(2013-2014)