Situational LeadershipSituational Leadership

• Task & Relationship Behaviors

• Leadership Variables

• Situational Leadership Model– Readiness (Followers)

– Transition

– Leadership Styles

• Case Study (optional)

• Exercise

OverviewOverview

““The leader is one who mobilizes others toward The leader is one who mobilizes others toward a goal shared by leaders and followers.” a goal shared by leaders and followers.”

— Gary Wills— Gary Wills Certain Trumpets: The Call of LeadersCertain Trumpets: The Call of Leaders

“The task of leadership is not to put greatness “The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.”there already.”

— John Buchan— John Buchan

Successful LeadershipSuccessful Leadership

Task/Relationship BehaviorTask/Relationship Behavior

Task• Clearly telling people

what, how, where, when

• Closely supervising performance

Relationship• Listening to people

• Providing support & encouragement

• Facilitate involvement in problem solving & decision making

• Follower

• Boss

• Peers & Associates

• Organization Type

• Job Demands

• Time & Resources

Leadership VariablesLeadership Variables

• Ability– Knowledge

– Skills

– Experience

• Willingness– Confidence

– Commitment

–Motivation

ReadinessReadiness

• R1: Unable and insecure, or unwilling

• R2: Unable, but confident or willing

• R3: Able, but insecure or unwilling

• R4: Able, confident, & willing: Ready to achieve

ReadinessReadiness

• From R1-R2 & R3-R4– Leader directed to self directed behavior

– Causes ranges of emotion

• Between each level– Challenges leader’s timing in confidence-

building techniques

– Non-linear: leader reacts to levels simultaneously

TransitionTransition

• Telling (S1)– High task, Low relationship

– One-way communication

– Solves problem & makes key decisions

– Directs then guides follower

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

• Selling (S2)– High task, High relationship

– Two-way communication

– Hears suggestions, ideas, & opinions

–Maintains decision making

– Employs persuasion

– Explains actions

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

• Participating (S3)– High relationship, Low task

– Focus of control shifts to follower

– Follower has ability & knowledge to complete task

– Leader actively listens & builds confidence

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

• Delegating (S4)– Low task, Low relationship

– Follower makes key decisions & implement

– Leader:• Gets updates

• Offers resource support

• Delegates tasks judiciously

• Encourages risk-taking & independent thought

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

• Applying Proper Style–What do you want to accomplish?

–What is the group’s performance level?

–What leadership action should you take?

–What is the result of your leadership style?

– Do you need to follow up?

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

How to Act

Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

Task• Set Goals• Organize• Set timelines• Direct• Control

Relationship• Give support• Communicate• Facilitate• Actively listen• Provide feedback

Case StudyCase Study

ExerciseExercise

• Task & Relationship Behaviors

• Leadership Variables

• Situational Leadership Model– Readiness (Followers)

– Transition

– Leadership Styles

• Case Study (optional)

• Exercise

SummarySummary

The interplay of direction, guidance, persuasion, explanation, problem solving, encouragement and delegation, along with flexibility in adjusting actions to maximize individual or unit performance readiness.

Situational Leadership Is:Situational Leadership Is: