Post on 25-May-2015
description
Shaping a new CGIAR Mega Program
on Livestock and Fish
Tom Randolph (ILRI)
CGIAR Livestock Fish Mega Program Stakeholder Meeting, Addis Ababa, 24-25 August 2010
CG Context
CG Change
Invitation to develop Mega Program on:
Sustainable staple food productivity increase for
global food security: Livestock and fish
Emphasis on increasing
production/productivity for food security…..
Livelihoods, protecting eco-services
addressed by other Mega Programs
Why livestock and fish? Animal Source Foods (ASFs) – highly
strategic in nutritionally challenged populations, esp. for women & childreno Dense sources of protein, energyo Delivers essential, highly available
micronutrients more effectively than plant-based food
o Associated with Better growth, cognitive function and
physical activity of children Better pregnancy outcomes Reduced morbidity from illness
The Challenge Large share of value of world’s food supply Fast growing demand to be met
Projected increase in demand for ASFs
to 2020 (% per year)Developed Countries
Developing Countries
Milk 0.2 1.8Meat 0.5 1.7Fish 0.0 0.6Cereals 0.3 0.4
FAO 1009 SOFA Report
The Challenge Much of increase will come from industrial
sector for poultry and monogastrics• Not as well developed where the poor are
Poor will need to depend on local systems• Limited capacity to respond• Offers opportunity for broad-based income
generation from high-value ASF• Transition strategy
Ex. smallholder dairy in East Africa, poultry in Indonesia
Opportunity for Impact Animals play a role in all farming systems But productivity and consumption rates
continue to lagBeef
(kg output/kg biomass/yr)
Milk (kg/cow/yr)
Year: 1980 2005 1980 2005Sub-Saharan Africa 0.06 0.06 411 397Latin America 0.08 0.11 1021 1380West Asia/N Africa 0.07 0.10 998 1735South Asia 0.03 0.04 517 904Industrialized countries 0.17 0.20 4226 6350
FAO 1009 SOFA Report
Opportunity for Impact
Livestock R&D has certainly contributed to some successes….
But large productivity gaps remain
Conventional approach has had limited success
We propose to harness:
Growing & dynamic markets and private sector
Recent experiences of working closer with development partners
New scientific advances
Institutional flexibility from CG change
And commit to focus for meaningful impact
Can we do better?
From Piece-meal….
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Research for
Technology Generation
Market Innovation
Commodity X in Country Y
Commodity R in Country S
Commodity A in Country B
… to Focus for Impact
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Research for
Technology Generation
Market Innovation
Commodity X in Country Y
Commitment to stimulate the transformation of a few animal product value chains in a few countries
- Catalyzing investment & aligning partners
- Research engaging as knowledge partner in large-scale development intervention
Example of East Africa Dairy Development Project
Development Partners(HPI, Technoserve, ABS) $45m
Performance Target: double dairy income in 135,000 poor cattle-keeping households
Scaling out
Knowledge Partners (ILRI, ICRAF, NARS) M&E, learning, technology dissemination $5m
Time 10 years
MP3.7 - Structured as 3 Themes
#2Improved
Technologies- Breed- Feed- Health
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Commodity X in Country Y
#3 Strategies for Value Chain Development
#1 Targeting - foresight & prioritization
M&E - impact assessment
Large-scale development intervention
Value Chain DevelopmentWhat do we understand as a value chain?
Inputs & Services
Production
Processing
Marketing
Consumers
• Activities, actors and relationships to bring a product through phases of production and marketing for delivery to consumers
• Purpose is to provide a product of value to consumer, for which consumer is willing to pay Value distributed back along value chain
• Flexible scope, boundaries• Driven by opportunities to add value
Role of Research in Value Chain Development
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Value chain assessment – identify opportunities to add value
Institutional/market strategies, business development innovation, IAR4D
Creating an enabling environment
Delivery strategies for services, information
Technological options – quick fixes
Technological options – future productivity break-throughs
Crossing cutting: Targeting and M&E
Gender and equity
Capacity building
Communication strategy
Role of Research in Value Chain Development
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Value chain assessment – identify opportunities to add value
Creating an enabling policy environment
Institutional/market strategies, business development innovation, IAR4D
Delivery strategies for services, information
Technological options – quick fixes
Technological options – future productivity break-throughs
Crossing cutting:
Targeting and M&E
Gender and equity
Capacity building
Value chain development component
Role of Research in Value Chain Development
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Value chain assessment – identify opportunities to add value
Institutional/market strategies, business development innovation, IAR4D
Delivery strategies for services, information
Technological options – quick fixes
Technological options – future productivity break-throughs
Crossing cutting:
Targeting and M&E
Gender and equity
Capacity building
Creating an enabling environment
Technology generation component
An Example: Dry-season feed
Inputs & Services Production Processing MarketingConsumers
Value chain assessment – identify opportunities to add valueInstitutional/market strategies, business development innovation, IAR4DDelivery strategies for services, informationTechnological options – quick fixesTechnological options – future productivity break-throughsCrossing cutting:
Targeting and M&E Gender and equity Capacity building
Creating an enabling environment
Policies
Feed demand
PulveriserPulveriser services
Innovation Platform
Policies
Food-feed crops
Seed systems
Scenario planning
Innovation Platform
The Front EndValue Chain Development
Ensuring market ‘push’ and ‘pull’ to support smallholder uptake of improved technologies
1. Assessment Value chain analysis – identifying technical and
institution opportunities for upgrading Measuring performance
2. Implementing IAR4D – innovation platform processes Clustering and business development services
3. Sectoral and policy analysis
MP3
.7 P
repa
re in
terv
entio
n
Working within a development intervention
Development Partners$90m
Performance Target:double production in x poor households
Scaling out
Knowledge Partners $10m
Time 10 years
MP3.7 Strategic Research $10m
The Back EndImproved Technologies
Focus on 3 main productivity drivers
1. Better performing breeds and breeding programs
• Characterization, conservation, selective breeding• Improved delivery of genetics• Exploring applications from new science
2. Improving feed and forage resources and their use
• Plant-based feeds for fish, monogastrics• Dual-purpose food-feed crops• Feed/forage market development
#2 Improved Technologies
3. Animal health• Vaccines for orphan diseases• Maps of disease risk and response• Delivery of improved health services
Will seek a balance of: adaptive, real-time problem solving Medium/longer-term basic research
The glue that keeps it on track
Targeting and M&EBuild on current capacity and research
Prioritization critical!
Impact assessment & learning Scanning the horizon – foresight Improved mapping of systems Gender analyses
So what is new?
Commitment to focus on a limited set of value chains and generate measurable impact
• 6-8 value chains • Catalyze R&D investment and efforts• Work more directly with development and
private sector partners• Set clear goals for impact
Creating synergies by pooling our collective resources across the 4 CG centers
Focus locally, impact globally
Focus value chains serve as proof-of-concept of impact at scale
…which can then be scaled out to the rest of the region
Problem-solving in focus value chains informs cross-cutting research
…so will continue to generate International Public Goods to be shared as done now
Impact Pathway embedded directly
Conventional –outputs transferred to
development actorsviewed as outcomes
Research activities &
outputsOutcomes Impacts
Impact & Scaling out
Outcome –
Intervention
Outputs
New Model –outputs made-to-order for immediate
use within large-scale intervention with scaling-out strategy
And still generating wider benefits
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing
Consumers
Value chain assessment methods platform
Delivery strategies platforms
Productivity technologies platforms
And still generating wider benefitsIn country
value-chain research and knowledge application
PlatformResearch
Breeds
Feeds
Health
Targeting
Monitoring & Evaluation
Technology IPG’s
Process IPG’s(Action Learning)
Adaptive Research
Deciding where to focus
1. Identify high-potential regional value chain based on study for livestock development investment Growth and market opportunities Pro-poor potential Supply constraints
2. Choose target country Enabling environment Existing momentum
Target Value Chains (tentative)
Smallholder pigs in Vietnam and Uganda
Smallholder small ruminants in Mali and Ethiopia
Smallholder aquaculture in Uganda
Smallholder dairying in Tanzania and India
Smallholder dual-purpose cattle in Nicaragua
MP3.7 Catalyst Role
Research
Investors
NARS
ARIs
MP3.7CG partners
Ministry
Investors
Development
NGOs
Private Sector
Links to other Mega Programs
MP1: role of value chains within agricultural systems and livelihoods
MP2: role of animal product value chains in broader economic growth
MP3: role of crops as feed, use of animals for crop production
MP5/7: environmental risks and trade-offs
Implementing the Mega ProgramExample of ILRI
Time 10 years
Current Activities
Mega Program 3.7
Other Mega Programs
Other Activities
Overarching Goal
Sustainably increase productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems
so as to increase availability and affordability of ASFs for poor consumers
and, in doing so, to reduce poverty through greater participation
by the poor along ASF value chains.
The enduring productivity gap in poor country small-scale livestock and aquaculture systems can be sustainably reduced through new ways of working in which partnerships between research, development and private sector actors stimulate gender-equitable innovation in selected pro-poor value chains; enable uptake of existing appropriate technologies; and identify and communicate demand for new priority technologies that exploit scientific advances. Reducing the productivity gap for livestock and fish will lead to increased access to ASFs by the poor and increased incomes for producers and other value chain actors, thereby improving nutrition and food security.
Our Proposition