Session 4: Understanding Listening and Learning

Session 4: Understanding

Listening and LearningKey Design Principles

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THERE IS A STRONG CONNECTION BETWEEN ORAL AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE

Why Read-Alouds?

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Text Complexity

Language

Knowledge/Content

Liben & Liben, 2012High quality and diverse texts

read aloud, enjoyed, discussed and analyzed, are the richest pathway to develop robust

language capacity in all students.

Listening vs. Reading Comprehension

T. G. Sticht, 1974, 1984

Activity, Part 1: Building Language Skills

• Select a partner• Partner 1, turn to Lesson X on p. x• Partner 2, turn to Anchor Standards document on p.

x• Together, review the Comprehension Questions and

Word Work sections of the lesson.• As you do so, highlight kindergarten standards

addressed on the Anchor standards document for: Listening & Speaking Standards (pp. x–x) Language Standards (pp. x–x)

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Activity, Part 1: Building Language Skills

• Select a partner• Partner 1, turn to the What are Kings and Queens

lesson• Partner 2, turn to Anchor Standards• Together, review the Comprehension Questions and

Word Work sections of the lesson.• As you do so, highlight kindergarten standards on

the Anchor standards document any standards addressed from:

Listening & Speaking Standards Language Standards

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Activity, Part 2: Language Skills Evident in

Writing• With the same partner, review Jason’s writing (next

slide)• As you do so, look for evidence of the highlighted

kindergarten standards on the Anchor standards document any standards addressed from:

Listening & Speaking Standards Language Standards

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Activity, Part 2: Language Skills Evident in

Writing• With the same partner, review Jason’s writing (next

slide).• As you do so, look for evidence of the highlighted

kindergarten standards addressed on the Anchor standards document for:

Listening & Speaking Standards (pp. x–x) Language Standards (pp. x–x)

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Grade 2 Writing Sample“My god I picked was Ares. He’s the god of war. Ares is in the Spartain army. He fights the Persian army. He has a helmet to protect his head. He also has a sheild to block people from defeating him. He is also the son of Zeus like all of the gods. Ares also lives on mount olympus.”

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ReflectHow do language skills support reading and writing skills?

BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE IS ESSENTIAL COMPREHENSION

Why Do the CCLS Call for ELA Programs that Focus on Knowledge?

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ACTIVITY: What Do You Know?

• Work Individually• Using the “What do you

know?” handout, read each of the short passages.

• As your complete each passage, answer the question or complete the task indicated next to each one.

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Knowledge Helps Fill in Gaps

Simple texts, like those on reading tests, are filled with gaps –presumed domain knowledge–

that the writer assumes the reader knows.

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Knowledge Helps Resolve Ambiguity

http://www.visualthesaurus.com/

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Knowledge Helps Resolve Ambiguity

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The CKLA Listening & Learning Strand Uses Knowledge-Building Complex

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What Does It Mean to Build Knowledge Systematically?

“Building knowledge systematically in English language arts is like giving children various pieces of a puzzle in each grade that, over time, will form one big picture. At a curricular or instructional level, texts—within and across grade levels—need to be selected around topics or themes that systematically develop the knowledge base of students.”

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Coherence Within Grades

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PreK Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2

All About Me Nursery Rhymes and Fables Fables and Stories Fairy Tales and Tall Tales

Families The Five Senses The Human Body Early Asian Civilizations

Animals Stories Different Lands, Similar Stories Cycles in Nature

Plants Plants Early World Civilizations The Ancient Greek Civilization

Habitats Farms Early American Civilizations Greek Myths

Dispersed throughout the year: Native Americans Astronomy Insects

Classic Tales Kings and Queens The History of the Earth Westward Expansion

Important People in American History Seasons and Weather Animals and Habitats War of 1812

Columbus and the Pilgrims Fairy Tales Human Body: Building

Blocks and Nutrition

Colonial Towns and Townspeople A New Nation The U.S. Civil War

Taking Care of the Earth Frontier Explorers Immigration

Presidents and American Symbols Fighting for a Cause

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On your copy, take a minute to document any other connections you see.

ReflectWith regard to Listening and Learning, reflect on the value of coherence to support of language and vocabulary development.

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READ-ALOUD TOPICS PROVIDE CONTEXT AND REPETITION

How do Content-Rich Domains Support Word Learning?

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ex cencecres

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excrescence1. Decoding

ex·cres·cence2. Comprehension

noun: a projection or outgrowth especially when abnormal

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Why Staying on Topic Matters

It provides context and repetition that foster implicit learning of vocabulary: • Most vocabulary is learned implicitly.• Word learning is most efficient when the

reader (listener) already understands the context well.

• Tiny gains on a dozen words is more efficient than large gains on just one word at a time.

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Activity: The Power of Vocabulary

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• Take one minute to write down as many words as you can related to a personal hobby or subject in which you are an expert.

• Write down every single thing you think of—don’t filter.

The Power of VocabularyWords are not just words. They are the nexus – the interface – between communication and thought. When we read, it is through words that we build, refine, and modify our knowledge. What makes vocabulary valuable and important is not the words themselves so much as the understandings they afford.

– Marilyn Jaeger Adams (2009), p. 180

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Message from Research• A network of words makes it

easier to process what you hear or read.

• The power of vocabulary is not in familiarity with the individual word itself, as it is in the web of connections you build towards that word.

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PreK Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2

All About Me Nursery Rhymes and Fables Fables and Stories Fairy Tales and Tall Tales

Families The Five Senses The Human Body Early Asian Civilizations

Animals Stories Different Lands, Similar Stories Cycles in Nature

Plants Plants Early World Civilizations The Ancient Greek Civilization

Habitats Farms Early American Civilizations Greek Myths

Dispersed throughout the year: Native Americans Astronomy Insects

Classic Tales Kings and Queens The History of the Earth Westward Expansion

Important People in American History Seasons and Weather Animals and Habitats War of 1812

Columbus and the Pilgrims Fairy Tales Human Body: Building

Blocks and Nutrition

Colonial Towns and Townspeople A New Nation The U.S. Civil War

Taking Care of the Earth Frontier Explorers Immigration

Presidents and American Symbols Fighting for a Cause

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Stories in a Domain

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Building Webs of Words in Domains

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Paragraph 1

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Paragraph 2

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Paragraph 3

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Activity: Add to the WebAs a table, examine the next story in the Anthology, “Royal Family”• Have one person read it aloud.• Write down words you hear that would be added to the

web.• After reading a paragraph, look at the list and work

these words into the web. Build connections among words that relate, that are synonyms or antonyms, that are exemplars, or categories to words in the web.

• Note words that are repeated or given a new nuance.

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Build Across Domains

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Staying on Topic is Important

Jumping from topic to topic and landing briefly on each privileges children who know something about those topics from elsewhere.

– Liben & Liben, 2012

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ReflectWith regard to Listening and Learning, reflect on the value of staying on topic to support of language and vocabulary development.

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Session 4: Understanding Listening and Learning

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