What did you get from Tuesday’s class discussion?

Automation increase underemployment/unemployment?

• Concerned that automation will increase unemployment…

What about realignment of work force?

Chapter 10

MotivatingEmployees

How do managers become top performers?

Surround themselves with top performers.

Rewards -

• Extrinsic (things)– Pay– Recognition– Benefits

• Intrinsic (internal)– Personal satisfaction

w/ work performed– Belief that work makes

a difference

Who was Frederick Taylor?

Father of scientific management.

• Time

• Methods

• Rules

Hawthorne effect – what is it?

Workers productivity increases when they are being studied because they feel special.

Effective for long term, permanent improvement?

Abraham Maslow’sHierarchy of Needs

• Physiological• Safety• Social needs• Self-esteem• Self-actualizing

Self-Actualizing

Self-esteem

Social needs

Safety

Physiological

Frederick HertzbergFactors of Motivation

• Hygiene Factors

(maintenance)– Company policy– Supervision– Working conditions– Interpersonal relations– Salary– Status– Job security

• Motivating factors– Work itself– Achievement– Recognition.– Responsibility– Personal/professional

growth

Maslow & Hertzberg

• What does the comparison imply?

• Are the needs consistently/permanently provided?

• What types of work are typical for the different levels?

Thinking about the modern work force, what appeals to workers

today?

What conclusions might you draw about motivating employees?

Motivational Theory – What is it?

Managers’ attitude/belief about workers

Douglas McGregor

• Characteristics of Theory X

• Characteristics of Theory Y

Theory X Theory Y

• Closely supervised• Dislikes work• Must be forced to

work• Primarily motivated by

fear & $$$$

• Likes to work• High performance if

committed• Seeks responsibility• Motivated by many

rewards, especially intrinsic

William OuchiTheory Z

What is it?

Characteristics?

• Modified American theory based on Japanese model.

• Long-term employment

• Collective decision-making

• Individual responsibility

• Holistic concern for employee (including family).

Motivational Theory – What is it?

• MBO (management by objectives) – bottom up.

• Expectancy theory – effort to accomplish depends on expectation of outcomes.

• Reinforcement theory – carrot & stick.

• Equity theory – performance depends on perception of fair treatment.

Putting theory into practice –

How?

• Job enrichment• Job enlargement• Job rotation• Open communications• Self-managed teams• Higher pay/better benefits• Promotion• More perks

Considering all the theories discussed, what conclusions can you draw that can be applied to employees & accomplishing work?

Do you believe people can be motivated?

Do you believe manager/leaders provide an environment (context) that enable people to be self-motivated?

Current Events

• Choose an article related to current topic.

• Relate article to current topic, i.e., why is the article relevant to our chapter topic being discussed?

What is your assignment for next week?