Design & Development of Water Monitoring Systems

Under the guidance of

Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy,

Coordinator, ClimaAdapt Project, WALAMTARI

Presented By: N.Shiva K.Sathish S.Mahammad D.NavyaS.Chandi Priya Darshini

Summer Internship for RGUKT Students during 26-05-2014 to 19-07-2014

Objectives:

What is system and different components in the system

Water depth measurement system

Soil moisture measurement system

Temperature and humidity measurement system

Power supply

Limitations

Challenges

• Future work

References

What is a system?

A system is a set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated whole or a set of elements (often called 'components' ) and relationships which are different from relationships of the set or its elements to other elements or sets.

Each element in the system is called “component”.Every system is having following components

1) Input2) Processor3) Transmitter4) Output

Block Diagram of System

ProcessorInput Transmission Output

Inputs (Sensors)

Contact sensors Soil moisture sensor

Temperature and humidity sensor

Pressure sensor

Non-Contact sensors Ultrasonic sensor

Doppler sensor

Optical sensor

Processing

Arduino

Micro Controller

An open source platform, easy to use software and hardware

54 digital input and output pins

14 analog input pins

16 MHz crystal oscillator

Serial communication is possible because of Tx , Rx pins

Flash memory of 256 KB

SRAM of 8 KB

EEPROM of 4 KB

Recommended voltage 7V-12V

Arduino over microcontrollers :

Inexpensive

Cross-platform

Simple programming environment

Transfering Mechanisms

Wired Cable

Wireless Bluetooth

GSM/GPRS

Wifi

Output

• SMS

• Image

• Video

• Light

• Sound

• Display

Input Processor Transmission Output

oContact• Pressure• Capacitance• Bubbler• Soil moisture

sensor

oNon contact

• Ultrasonic• Doppler• Optical

oMCU

oArduino

oWired• Cable

oWireless• Bluetooth• GSM/GPRS• Wifi

Overview

•SMS•Sound•Light•Image•Display

Display

Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK v1.0)

Soil moisture sensor Arduino

Circuit and program

SMS

Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK 2.0 )

Soil moisture sensor Arduino Mega GSM modem- SIM900

Circuit and Program

Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK v3.0)

Soil moisture sensor Arduino LEDs

Circuit and program

Display

Water Depth Measurement System (TWEET v1.0)

Ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04 Arduino Mega

Circuit and program

SMS

Water Depth Measurement (TWEET v2.0)

Ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04

Arduino Mega GSM-SIM900

Circuit and program

Display

Temperature and Humidity Measurement System

DHT11 sensor Arduino

Circuit and program

SMS

Temperature and Humidity Measurement System

DHT11 sensor Arduino Mega GSM modem- SIM900

Circuit and program

Power Analysis

1) Non rechargeable batteries

2) Rechargeable batteries

Electrically rechargeable

Solar panels

9V non rechargeable battery12V electrically rechargeable battery

Installation in real time

Observations & Conclusions

Robust covering should be provided.

Graphical data transmission such as MMS is not possible with Arduino, Arduino compatible cameras are not adequately available in the market.

Areas at which signal strength is less, power consumption by the system is more to send data as SMS. To overcome this problem one should go for the networks which are having high signal strength.

Ultrasonic sensor should not be installed near the bank, as water near the bank may not be stable at all the times.

Limitations

Range of ultrasonic sensor is 3 m only.

Ultrasonic sensor can not be used, if it is to be implemented in the stilling well because of the reason that sentry angle is 15 degrees only.

If flow is not smooth, measurement may not be accurate.

Future work

To install the device in the field, it is better to use solar energy.

To reduce the power consumption,use logical devices to activate the system only at required times and system should be idle for remaining.

Automation of the gates if device installed at the reservoirs, automation of the motors if the device installed in the farming fields.

Incorporate the exhaust fan in the device as heat sink, to protect the device from heat.

To send images use Raspberry pi.

Bibliography

1.Programming http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage

2. Arduino mega 2560 pin mapping diagram-http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping2560

3. Arduino mega 2560 schematic diagramhttp://arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/arduino-mega2560_R3-sch.pdf

4.LCD display image

http://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-components/16x2-lcd-module-datasheet

Acknowledgement

We wish to express our deep sense of gratitude from the bottom of our heart to our guide Dr.N.Sai Bhaskar Reddy, Coordinator, ClimaAdapt for his motivating discussions, overwhelming suggestions, ingenious encouragement and advice, invaluable supervision, exemplary guidance throughout this project.

We would like to extend our heartful thanks to Sri L.Narayana Reddy, Director General, WALAMTARI and Engineer-in-Chief, I & CAD Dept., for giving this great opportunity of taking intern at WALAMTARI.

We are immensely grateful to our Vice Chancellor Prof.R V Raja Kumar for his support in undertaking internship in I & CAD Department.

We are also thankful to Mr.Kiran, Data Processing Officer, Miss.A.Sravanthi, Water Manager and Mr.Pranith for their constant backing in all aspects of this project.