Post on 30-Dec-2015
description
Seed set for Scots pine clones is difficult to predict
Dag Lindgren1 Yordan Tellalov2 and Finnvid Prescher3
1Department of Forest Genetics and Plant PhysiologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences
SE-901 83,Umeå, SwedenEmail: Dag.Lindgren@genfys.slu.se
2 Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree BreedingThe Czech University of Agricultural Sciences
165 21 Prague, Czechia3 Svenska Skogsplantor AB, Seed production, SE-340 14 Lagan, Sweden
Main problem: Can clones be selected based on predictions of seed set ability? Reply: No
Predictions based on observations in a clone bank and plus trees in forest was compared with performance in seed orchards.
Umeå
Plus treesThe study concerns plus trees from the four northernmost counties (BD, AC, Z and Y).
The first batch of plus trees were selected in natural mature forests 1950-1969 and grafted at Umeå (Sävar).
Cone set of the plus trees was usually commented.
The plus tree W 4009 is the reproductively most successful tree in Sweden and perhaps Europe. It has currently about 70 million offspring in Swedish forests
Sweden with current pine seed orchard zones color-coded .
Figure based on a SkogForsk figureFigure based on SkogForsk photo
Clone bank (clone archive)Clone bank (clone archive)Sävar (close to Umeå). Established 1969-1970
748 clones. 4 grafts per clone in rows. 555 grafts/ha
Cone-set on each ramet was registered 1984. A purpose was to avoid bad cone-producers for seed orchards
The clone bank 2006 How it may have looked 1984
Photo: Yordan TellalovPhoto: Yordan Tellalov
Seed set by clone of northern plus trees was estimated on mature grafts in 7 objects
4 seed orchards – SkaholmaSkaholma, RobertsforsRobertsfors, KlockeKlocke and Sävar SOSävar SO
A clone experiment on three localities – RöskärRöskär, DegebergaDegeberga and SävarSävar
The seed orchard Skaholma, one of the objects where the seed set per clone was estimated.
Photo Dag Lindgren
Object Lat Alt Age Observed clones Correlation Weight B
Seed orchard
m Years Clone bank
Plus trees Archive - object
Skaholma 63o50' 5 43 13 11 0.35 2
Robertsfors 64 o 40 20 30 20 0.22 3
Klocke 62°54' 75 21 12 12 0.06 2
Sävar SO 63º54' 10 30 20 18 -0.21 3
Clone trial A 10 8
Sävar 82 63o54' 10 12 -0.44 0.5
Sävar 93 23 0.10 1
Sävar 04 34 -0.05 1
Röskär 59°25' 25 21 0.00 1
Degeberga 55°47' 120 22 0.29 1A The clone trial was planted at three localities in northern, middle and south Sweden.
The northern site was measured at three occasions. B Subjective weight
Objects where estimates of the same clones exist
Clone bank vs seed orchards.
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Cones/ramet Sävar
See
ds/
ram
et K
lock
e
Correlation = 0,059Slope = 1,649
Cone counts of 30 clones
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Cones/ramet in Sävar archive
Co
nes/r
am
et
in R
ob
ert
sfo
rs Correlation = 0,216Slope = 0,428
Relationship between clone fertility
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Cones/ramet in Sävar archive
Co
nes/r
am
et
in S
kah
olm
a
Correlation = 0,344Slope = 7,168
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Co
nes/r
am
et
in S
ävar
SO
Correlation = 0,213Slope = -0,454
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Con
es/r
amet
in S
ävar
041
0 (II
I.)
Correlation = 0,047Slope = -0,012
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Co
nes
/ram
et i
n S
ävar
820
8 (I
.)
Correlation = 0,437Slope = -0,056
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Co
nes
/ram
et i
n R
ösk
är
Correlation = 0,004Slope = -0,001
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Co
nes/r
am
et
in V
a S
ten
sh
ult Correlation = 0,287
Slope = 0,053
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 100 200 300 400 500
Cones/ramet in Sävar clonal bank
Co
nes
/ram
et i
n S
ävar
930
9 (I
I.)
Correlation = 0,097Slope = 0,009
Clone bank - clone trial.
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Cone class of plus trees
Con
es/ra
met
in S
ävar
SO
Correlation = 0,135Slope = -11,068
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Cone class of plus trees
See
ds/
ram
et i
n K
lock
e
Correlation = 0,011Slope = -9,036
Plus-trees - seed orchards.Relationship between clone female fertility
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Cone class of plus trees
Co
nes
/ram
et in
Ro
ber
tsfo
rs
Correlation = 0,129Slope = -15,635
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Cone class of plus trees
Con
es/ra
met
in S
kaho
lma
Correlation = 0,104Slope = -43,146
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cone class of plus trees
Co
nes/r
am
et
in V
a S
ten
sh
ult
Correlation = 0,578Slope = 7,172
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cone class of plus tress
Cone
s/ra
met
in S
ävar
04
Correlation = 0,101Slope = -1,265
Relationship betw een clone female fertility
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cone class of plus trees
Correlation = 0,454Slope = -3,918
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cone class of plus trees
Con
es/ra
met
in S
ävar
93
Correlation = 0,476Slope = 3,082
Relationship between clone female fertility
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cone class of plus trees
Co
nes/r
am
et
in R
öskär
Correlation = 0,376Slope = 7,738
Plus trees - clone trial.
Clone bank Plus trees
Correlation – mean 0.081 0.055
Gain potential – mean -2.6 % -4.2 %
Gain potential –weighted mean 8.9 % -5.1 %
Average correlations was close to zero.
Genetic gain in seed set was predicted by raising cone-set one standard deviation in clone bank or among plus trees. The gain was negative, or at least not large.
The main results are based on observations in Scots pine in northern Sweden a single year in a young clone bank. More data would be desirable for generalization.
• No single significant relationship. The correlations seem low.
• The gain in seed production if clones are selected for cone-set is uncertain and seems quite low.
• This study does not support to make efforts to predict seed-set before placing clones in seed orchards.
Suggested Main ResultsSuggested Main Results
This study is based on an undergraduate diploma work: Tellalov, Yordan (2006)
Relative female reproductive output of grafted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) clones planted on different places.
http://ex-epsilon.slu.se/archive/00001031/More extensive acknowledgements are found there.
Dag Lindgren was supervisor.
Much of the data were collected and compiled for the planned PhD thesis of Finnvid Prescher.