Post on 04-Jun-2018
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www.seeheritage.org South Eas European Heitage Network
South East European (SEE)
Heritage is a network of civil society
organizations from South East Europe,
established in 2006. Since 2010, the SEE
Heritage Network has been registered
as a civil society organization based
in Kotor, Montenegro (in Montenegrin
language its ofcial name is Mrea za
nasljee Jugoistine Evrope). Its work is
administered by the Secretariat located in
Kotor.
The mission of the SEE Heritage
Network is to work towards
protecting and promoting the
common cultural heritage
with the aim of encouraging
sustainable development of the
region.
The vision of the SEE Heritage
Network: South East Europe
(SEE) - region where people
cooperate, understand and
respect each other on the basis
of their cultural differences,
believing that cultural, ethnic and
religious diversity is a valuable
resource.
Issuing of this publication was supported by the Headley Trust, United Kingdom
SEE Heritage Network gathers all those
willing to contribute to protecting and
promoting the South East European
heritage as part of the common European
and world heritage.
Kotor2011
The initiative to establish a network of
CSOs (civil society organizations) working
on cultural heritage came from the Swedish
organization CHwB (Cultural Heritagewithout Borders ). CHwB has started its
activities in recognizing the CSOs that will
try to create a common ground for acting.
Initially, twelve partner CSOs from the
region (Albania, BiH, Kosovo, Macedonia,
Montenegro, Serbia) expressed their
willingness to meet and exchange views
and experiences with their colleagues. In
mid-2006, based on the CHwB initiative,
these CSOs met in Sarajevo.
The lack of cooperation among CSOs
working in the eld of cultural heritage in
the South East Europe was identied and
discussed at the initial meeting. The idea ofcreating a network for the joint promotion,
preservation and sustainable usage of
cultural heritage emerged.
At this meeting, the CSOs decided to
enhance their own eld of activity and to
extend their work in the cultural heritage
sector beyond the borders of their own
countries by establishing links with other
regional and international partners.
In 2006 in Sarajevo, 12 CSOs together with representatives of the CHwB,
signed a commitment statement to develop and strengthen a regional
network, which they named SEE Heritage (where SEE stands for South East
Europe, and also for to see, i.e. to see, to recognise, to acknowledge, to
look at the heritage).
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We, the members of the South East European Heritage Network (SEE Heritage), in
this Membership Declaration set forth our common vision to develop and preserve
the multicultural heritage in our countries in order to promote the SEE region where people
cooperate, understand and respect each other based on their cultural differences.
We, as a network of civil society organizations, believe that cultural, ethnic and religious
diversity are valuable resources. Our work aims to protect and promote our common
heritage as a tool for sustainable and responsible development.
We recognize cultural heritage as:
An expression of personal and community identities & differences
A heritage that we all share
A means for building social capital & cohesion as well as for fostering peoples good-will &
co-operation;
A unique resource for the sustainable development of our countries.
We, as promoters of cultural heritage, envision the South East European Heritage
Network as a focal point for consolidating and spreading the internationally recognized
cultural heritage values. We will work openly and honestly by upholding ethical principles,
safeguarding human rights, and respecting individuals inalienable right to feel and express
their differences.
We, as signatories of this Membership Declaration, underscore our Networks role in the
alleviation of regional poverty, tension and instability and, above all, in the preservation and
promotion of the tremendous wealth and diversity found in SEEs cultural heritage.
We, in light of the aforementioned values, commit ourselves to the future development of
the Network and to utilizing all of our resources, experience and knowledge to help SEEcommunities cultivate the values that we support.
Signatories:
Albanian Heritage Foundation, Albania
Albanian National Trust, Albania
Association for Rehabilitation of the Cultural Heritage ARCH, Serbia
Butrint Foundation, Albania
Center for Cultural Heritage Projektor, Montenegro
Civic Association SUBURBIUM, Serbia
Cultural Heritage without Borders, Regional Ofce in Bosnia and Herzegovina
EC MA NDRYSHE, Kosovo
Europa Nostra Serbia, Serbia
EXPEDITIO Center for Sustainable Spatial Development, Montenegro
Foundation Open Society Macedonia, Macedonia
MJAFT!Movement, Albania
Notar Centre for Preservation and Promotion of Kotor Documentary Heritage, Montenegro
Ohrid, Macedonia, 4 July 2007
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The members of the SEE Heritage Network are, at the moment, 20 civil society
organizations which deal with cultural heritage protection or have one part of their
programme activities dedicated to cultural heritage protection, and which are registered or
work in the South East Europe countries:
Albanian National Trust, Tirana, Albania www.butrinti.com
Albanian Heritage Foundation, Tirana, Albania http://albanianheritage.net
Association for Rehabilitation of the Cultural Heritage ARCH, Belgrade, Serbia
Butrint Foundation, Tirana, Albania www.butrint.org
Center for Cultural Heritage Projektor, Tivat, Montenegro www.projektor.chc.org
Civic Association SUBURBIUM, Petrovaradin, Serbia www.suburbium.org
Cultural and Natural Heritage, Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cultural Heritage without Borders /CHwB/, Regional Ofce in Sarajevo, Bosnia and
Herzegovina www.chwb.org/bih
EC MA NDRYSHE, Prishtina, Kosovo www.ecmandryshe.org
Europa Nostra Serbia, Serbia, www.europanostraserbia.org
EXPEDITIO, Kotor, Montenegro www.expeditio.org
Foundation Open Society - Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia www.soros.org.mk
GENIUS LOCI, Zagreb, Croatia www.geniusloci.hr
Gjirokastra Conservation and Development Organization, Gjirokastra, Albania
www.gjirokastra.org
Heritage - Association for the Care and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Macedonia,Skopje, Macedonia
MJAFT! Movement, Tirana, Albania www.mjaft.org
Mozaik, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina www.mozaik.ba
Notar - Centre for Preservation and Promotion of Kotor Documentary Heritage, Kotor,
Montenegro www.cdknotar.org
Kupreka visoravan, Bosnia and Herzegovina
PRO TORPEDO, Rijeka, Croatia www.torpedo150rijeka.org
Transylvania Trust, Cluj-Napoca, Romania http://transylvaniatrust.ro
Besides the members, the Network has a group of supportersof its work. Supporters ofthe Network can be from or outside the SEE region: civil society organizations, individuals,
organizations, state/government institutions, media, or private sector, that support the
vision and mission of the SEE Heritage Network.
How to become the SEE Heritage Network member?
Visit our web site www.seeheritage.organd look for SEE Heritage Membership Criteria
and SEE Heritage Member Application Form
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The AssemblyMembers - all CSOs
The SecretariatSecretary + Other members
(depending on needs)
The Managing Board1 CSO representative per country
Workshops and Conferences
Public debate Misuse of cultural
heritage in political, ideological and
other causes - July 2, 2007, Skopje,
Macedonia
The event, organized by the Foundation
Open Society - Macedonia, had a regional
character including key speeches by three experts from the SEE region. The following
issues were discussed: The age of nations: from academic discourse to cultural tourism;
Economy of ethnisation: misuse of the ethnic component of cultural heritage; the Ohrid
Declaration (2002) and the relation among the cultural heritage and the catastrophes;
cultural heritage of one ethnic community being refuted beyond its border even when
that community extends beyond it; heritage being misused for the purpose of politics and
development, especially in tourism; how we can avoid abusing culture and using it for
reconciliation of communities.
Workshop Devastation of cultural
heritage - February 8-10, 2008, Kotor,
Montenegro
The workshop, organized by Expeditio
and Notar, focused on one of the
crucial problems when the heritage of
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Montenegro, as well as of other countries is concerned. The rst part of the workshop
consisted of the tour around the Boka Kotorska Bay aimed at mapping the zones of heritage
devastation. It was followed by presentations on heritage devastation in the participants
countries. As the workshop conclusion, the participants adopted a joint Appeal to stop the
indifference towards the devastation of SEE heritage, which was sent to the authorities and
responsible institutions of the SEE countries. A press conference was organized, followed
by a public presentation of cultural heritage of the two participating countries: Azerbaijan
and Albania. Two Azerbaijan civil society organizations were present as guests of the
SEE Heritage Network: CSO for Islam, Democracy and Human Rights and Association ofProtection Womens Rights.
Workshop Cultural tourism and
local economic development
- January 23-26, 2009, Prizren,
Kosovo
A thematic workshop, organized by
the EC Ma Ndryshe, revealed and
discussed the potential of cultural
tourism and local development, as
a common opportunity and need
of many South East European cities and rural areas. The discussion was mainly focused
on the city of Prizren and its potential to attract tourist through its rich cultural heritage,
contributing thus to the local economic development of the city. The workshop brought two
positive examples of civil society engagement in utilizing the cultural and heritage potential
of Prizren and Kosovo (restoration works of the Cultural Heritage without Borders, ofce in
Prishtina and DokuFest lm festival).
Conference Cultural heritage tourism as a tool
for dustainable development - June 21-23,
2008, Berat, Albania
The conference organized by Butrint Foundation/
Albanian Heritage Centre expounded upon
through country presentations coupled with two
professional lectures delivered by international
experts. Signicant threats, the most prominent ofwhich is the potential destruction of cultural heritage
resources through the irresponsible development
of tourism, emerged through the discussions. The inclusion of local communities in
the development of cultural heritage tourism was deemed one of the most important
preventative measures to be taken to control this threat.
Conference Cultural landscapes and
the Implementation of the European
Landscape Convention in South East
Europe - the role of CSOs - October 11-14,
2009, Novi Sad and Belgrade, Serbia
The Conference, organized by Suburbuim
and Europa Nostra Serbia, involved
speeches of representatives of the regional
and national authorities of Serbia. The
discussions regarded the topics of the role
of CSOs in putting the European Landscape Convention into practice, the South East
European cities in the natural environment, experiences of Ombudsmans of Vojvodina,
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Greece and Spain, Canadian experience and approach related to the stewardship of cultural
landscapes. Representatives of the SEE Heritage Network gave short presentations about
their experiences related to landscape protection and the implementation of the European
Landscape Convention in their countries.
4th International conference on industrial
heritage Rijeka and shipbuilding
heritage: Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow
- April 23-23, 2010, Rijeka, Croatia
The Conference was organized by Pro
Torpedo, in the Rijeka Maritime and History
Museum of the Croatian Littoral. The SEE
Heritage Network members participated,
presenting posters on the industrial heritage
in their countries. The conference gathered
55 authors from Croatia, Austria, Germany,
Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Serbia, the
United Kingdom and the USA. The
programme consisted of two general
themes: Ships and shipbuilding
heritage and General topics of
industrial heritage. The participants
had an unique opportunity to
explore the City of Rijeka and the
area of Istria and their historical and
industrial monuments.
Appeals
A joint APPEAL to stop the indifference
towards the devastation of the SEE
natural and cultural heritage - February
10, 2008, Kotor, Montenegro
The appeal was sent to the local and
central governments of Albania, Bosnia andHerzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia,
Montenegro and Serbia. It emphasized
the uncontrolled urban development and
inadequate urban planning, mass tourism, expansion of industry and infrastruction in
touristic areas, lack of correct management of heritage sites. The appeal urged for the
implementation of principles of protection of cultural heritage in planning and development
processes, involving experts in those processes and active public participation in the
decision making concerning the abovementioned subjects.
A joint APPEAL about the Implementation of the European Landscape Convention in
South East Europe - October 13, 2009, Novi Sad, Serbia
The Appeal emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary work in treating this topic, as
stressed in the European Landscape Convention, adopted by the Council of Europe in
Florence in 2000 as the rst international document which promotes a unique approach in
landscape protection, management and planning. Due to the transition processes in the
SEE region, the landscape is at constant risk of uncontrolled urbanization. The appeal urged
the decision makers and political structures in the region to ratify the Convention, and begin
its implementation. Regardless of whether the Convention is adopted or not, it is necessary
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to raise awareness of the landscape values, and its adequate protection, management and
planning.
Suggestions for the Plan for detailed regulation of the Petrovaradin Fortress in Novi
Sad, Serbia - October 12, 2010, Novi Sad, Serbia
The SEE Heritage Network and some of its members individually, together with the
European Movement in Serbia, appealed to the local and national authorities in Serbia
to reconsider the planning documentation that envisages building a new bridge on thefoundations of the former Franz Josef bridge and new tunnels under the Petrovaradin
Fortress, which could permanently destroy the landscape values of the area and this
important cultural site. The suggestions included concrete measurements and sustainable
approach for management of protected cultural heritage and landscapes.
The meetings are opportunities for
the members to meet each other, to
exchange news, experiences, and toagree upon further functioning of the
Network and its future activities. So far
the SEE Heritage Network has held the
following meetings:
Leaet Web page
Booklet SEE Heritage Network Meeting &
Workshop, Cultural Landscapes and the
Implementation of the European LandscapeConvention in South East Europe the Role of
NGOs - Presentations and discussions from
the Conference, held in Belgrade and Novi Sad
on October 11-14, 2009
SEE HeritageNetworkMeeting &
WorkshopCulturalLandscapes
and theImplementationof
theEuropean
LandscapeConventioninSouth
East Europe theRoleofNGOs
October 11-142009,
Novi Sad/Belgrade,Serbia
i r , r i j - kt r
CULTURAL HERITAGE AND
ITS MISUSE IN POLITICAL AND
IDEOLOGICAL CAUSES
Presentationsanddiscussion fromthe Publicdebate, heldinSkopje on July2, 2007, andsummaryof the Network meetingheldin Ohrid, on July 3-4, 2007
Booklet Cultural Heritage
and its Misuse in Politicaland Ideological Causes
- Presentations and discussions
from the Public debate, held in
Skopje on July 2, 2007
20-22 September 2006, Sarajevo, Bosnia
and Herzegovina
06-10 December 2007, Gjirokastra,Albania
02-04 July 2007, Ohrid, Macedonia
08-10 February 2008, Kotor, Montenegro
21-23 June 2008, Berat, Albania
23-26 January 2009, Prizren, Kosova
11-14 October 2009, Novi Sad and
Belgrade, Serbia
23-25 April 2010, Rijeka, Croatia
h it S th E s E H it N t k
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Suburbium, Petrovaradin, Serbia |author:AleksandarStanojlovi|
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) a regionwherepeoplecooperate,understandand respecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural, ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
i f t h i r cu lt ur l i f f r n c , l i i n t h t cu lt ur l , t h ni c n r l i i u i r i ty l u l r u rc .
The SEEHeritage network gathers allthose willing to contribute to
protecting and promoting the South East European heritage as part
of the common European and worlds heritage.
SEE Heritage
Network
South East European (SEE)Heritage isa network of non-governmentalorganizations
fromSouth East Europe.Te Network wasestablished in 2006 and wasofficially regis-
tered in 2009asan NGO with its officialheadquartersin Montenegro.
Te vision of SEE Heritage Network isSouth East Europe aregion where people coop-
erate,understand and respect each other on the basisof their culturaldifferences.
SEE Heritage isanetwork of non-governmentalorganizationsthat believe in cultural,
ethnicand religiousdiversity asa valuable resource.Te work of SEE Heritage network is
aimed at protectingand promotingour common heritage which isleadingto sustainable
and responsible development.
Te initiativeto establishthe Network wasstarted by the SwedishorganizationCultural
Heritage withoutBorders-CHwB,beinganNGOitself and workingregionallyinthe West-
ernBalkans.After aninitial meetingin Sarajevo (Bosniaand Herzegovina),the Networkheld
sixmore meetings,organized apublicdebate,workshopsand publicpresentations,pub-
lished two bookletsand launched two publicappeals.
Te network nowhas20members non-governmental organizationsfrom SouthEastEu-
rope,thatdeal withor have partof their program activitiesdedicated to the protectionof cul-
tural heritage,aimingto continue developingitscapacityand itsmembership.
Generalactivity areas of the Network include education,conservation,awareness-raising,
management of culturalheritage,research and capacity building.
Trough itsweb portalwww.seeheritage.orgthe SEE Heritage network promotesthe val-
uesand importance of the South East European culturalheritage and presentsallimpor-
tant information and newsrelated to activitiesin heritage field in the SEE region.
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversity asavaluableresource.
Te shipyardsinBokaKotorskaBaydate back to the ancienttimes.Itisbelieved thatas early
asatthe time of the Illyrianqueeneutathere had beena shipyard inBokaBaywhere the
Illyrianshad beenbuildingtheir liburnas.Ten,the Greek colonistsused to transfer well
knowndocksand arsenals,like the onesinAthens,Corinth,Syracuse,Ostia,Ravenna,etc.
Te Romanmerchantfleet,then,founded anassociationcalled the Associationof Adriatic
Ship-ownerswithitsbranchesinall importantportsof thattime.All that,coupled withthe
unique geographic positionof BokaKotorskaBaypointsoutto the factthat trade,shipping
industry,thusalso shipbuildingindustryhad beenquite developed back inthe ancienttimes.
Te oldestpreserved writtendocumenttestifiesto the existence of the shipyard atPrevlaka
near ivatalreadyin1361.Kotor shipbuildersare mentioned inalmostall public notary
volumesstartingfrom the 14thcenturyonwards.Tere are shipbuilderslike Branko from
Kotor who buildsbargesand sailingshipsoutof good oak wood,thenRadobrat,master
shipbuilder from Kotor,bothfrom the 14thcentury.Inthe fifteenthcentury,however,Kotor
shipyard buildsall typesof vessels,mostlycaravels,butalso brigantines,cogs,fustas,barksand
manyothers.Some writtendocumentsspecifythe price of the constructionof suchvessels.
Tus,Branko,together withRadi,wasbuildingabark for the price of Perpers226.As
documentsread,the shipyard inKotor wasemployingsome tenmastersand certainnumber
of ancillarystaff.
Beside the Kotor one,the fifteenthcenturyhad witnessed the shipyard atPerastwhichbuilds
differenttypesof vessels.
Tere had beenshipyardsinHercegNovi and other settlementsinBokaKotorskaBayand
thistraditionhasbeenpreserved until the moderntimes,so thatnowadaysthere isashipyard
atBijela,inthe vicinityof HercegNovi,offeringall kindsof servicesto the vessels belonging
to variousmerchantand passenger fleetsof the world,with the tendencyof beingtransformed
into acontemporaryshipyard for the needsof nautical tourism.
Naturally,one cannotavoid mentioningthe Arsenal ativat,whichwasestablished atthe end
of the 19thcentury,duringthe Austrianrule over the area of BokaKotorskaBay.Te Arsenal
doesnotexistanymore.Followingthe wave of privatizationand transition,the Canadian
billionaire Peter Munk purchased the Arsenal intendingto build there one of the most
prestigiousmarinas inthe Mediterranean,whichwill offer all kindsof servicesnecessaryfor
thatbranchof economy,includingservicing,maintenance and eventhe constructionof yachts.
Woodworkers caulkers,shipbuilders,seamen,ship-ownershad formed the membershipof
the Confraternityof Seamenwhichhad itswrittenstatute alreadyin1463-Te Statute of
the Confraternityof SaintNicholasthe Seamanin Kotor.
Shipbuildingtrade led to the flourishingof other crafts,like the manufacturingof ropes.
Tese craftsmenestablished the Confraternityof rope makers.Or,for instance,90master
blacksmithswere active inthe 15thcenturyKotor.Tese had beenof varioustradeswith the
productswhichfound their use inshipbuildingindustry.Tese mastershad mostlybeenof
Slavic descent,comingfrom the immediate surroundingsof the presentdayMontenegrin
littoral,whichistestified by their names:Branko,Stojko,Radovan,Radi,Ratko,Matko,
Gruboje,Radoslav,Radelja,etc.
Numeroussignificantdataonthistopic canbe found in the moveable cultural heritage which
isstored invariousarchives,librariesand museumsof BokaKotorskaBayand Montenegro
asawhole.Knowingthis,itbecomesclear how importantarchival material isfor the study,
renewal,touristexploitationand preservationof peopleshistorical memory,of the memory
of humanactivitieswhichmarked certainhistorical epochs.Terefore,archival and library
materialsneed to be treated withequal attention,justlike everythingelse we term architectural
heritage of mankind.Whatismore,these are and ithasalwaysgot to be anunavoidable
complementarysource for the study,economic valorisation,processionand presentationof
the shipbuildingheritage.Te attentionfor thissegmentof cultural heritage should be even
greater if one bearsin mind the vulnerabilityof the very material.For the more complexprotectionand studyingof the shipbuildingheritage,especiallythe one inthe Adriatic basin,
one should think alongthe line of creatingacommonelectronic database whichwould store
professionallyinserted datafrom archives,librariesand museums.
Te NGONotar Centre for Preservationand Presentationof Kotor Documentary
Heritage hasmade asignificantstepin thatdirectionbyinitiatingthe projectentitled Central
Maritime Catalogue of Montenegro the intentionof whichisto expand and achieve regional
networking.(the DraftProjectcanbe seen online atwww.ckpcg.ac.me)
NOTARCentreforPreservation and Presentation of KotorDocumentaryHeritage, Kotor, Montenegro
The shipyards in
Boka Kotorska Bay
Barkozija(barchosum,barcoxium,barchossium,barcusium,barcussium) - A type ofsailingship with completely covered deck,equipped with twoLatin typesails.
Barka(barcha) - A typeofvessel with partly covered deckatthestern.Ithad onemastequipped with Latin typesail,butwhich alsoused oars.
SNX353Stojkoand Brajko- Kotor shipbuilders,november 1443 On disputebetween ship ownersand caulkersin Kotor 1523
Bokelian Navy 1909,IAKFIOR album 2
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.
Albanian HeritageFoundation, Tirana, Albania |author: IlirParangoni|
Albanian Industrial
Heritage
Albaniahashad asignificantindustrial developmentduringthe communistperiod.Te
developingof industryrepresented atthe same time the powerful ideologyof proletarian
dictatorshipwhichinthe other hand reflected also the extraordinaryrelationsbetween
Albaniaand biggestcommunistand developed StatesasSovietUnionand China.Besidesthe
political impactthe industrialisationof the countryduringthistime has also had animpact
onthe environmentaswell asinsociety.Agood example of thisapproachisthatduringthe
constructionof extilesCombine in1950,named Stalinonthe outskirtsof irana,the area
where itwasbuiltcomesto adeep transformation.From amarshyenvironmentthathad
beenatthe beginningitwastransformed to anurban areawithaconsiderable social life and
constructionof accommodationbuilding.
However,after communism fell inthe early1990sfew industriessurvived.Manyof them
due to non-adaptive processtowardsnew requirementsof technologyof trade were closed.
Manyotherswere destroyed bybeingidentified withthe system whichhas produced them;
meantime anew phenomenonbeganemerging.Tisperiod,knownasthe yearsof transition,
led to industrial cities,especiallyirana,aninfluxof people who started to become new owner
of industrial territoriesand forciblychangingthem into residential premises.Tusthe turning
of industrial ambience into residential familybuildingsslowlybeganto change the landscape
of these placesbyshowinga phenomenonof coexistentof obsolete machinery,buildings,
warehouse etc.withresidentsthatcame from rural areas,more prevalentinpost-communist
places.
Whatever,aspartsof anewsocial-economic phenomenon,IndustrialMonumentsare
stillthere provingabout society and itstransformationsover the years.So,naturally when
you have alook closely to these situationsaquestion arises: Isthisthe way to preserve and
to present the historicalevidencesand the heritage of a society?
Posters of SEE Industrial Heritage
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.
Arsenal uTivtupredstavljajednuod prvihpojavaindustrijalizacije napodrujuBoke
Kotorske i znaajandio industrijsko-pomorskog,aposebno vojno-pomorskognasljea
Jadranske regije.Usvom 120godinjem postojanjubio je povezanbrojnim istorijskim,
strunim,politikim,geostratekim i drugim aspektimasaslinim ili istovjetnim institucijama
naobalamaJadranskogi Sredozemnogmorakoje su povezane zajednikom istorijskom
sudbinom.Ouvanje industrijsko-istorijskognasljeaArsenalatrebasagledati ukontekstu
nasljeacijeloggeografskogprostoraJadranskogbasena,svihsusjednihzemalja,i naroito
nasljeaaustrougarskogperioda.Zbogsvoje uloge i znaajaurazvojuTivtai Boke Kotorske
Arsenal predstavljasimbol jedne epohe,mjesto sakojim se identifikujugeneracije njenih
stanovnika.Arsenal je mjesto gdje suse decenijamaljudi izsvih krajevairegregiona
obrazovale zairok spektar strunihi zanatskihznanja,sticale navike organizovanogi
kvalitetnograda,to je zajedno sakontinuiranim prenoenjem znanjai iskustvatokom vie od
jednogvijekapredstavljalo pokretakusnagui uslov razvojapodruja.
Godine 2007.Remontni zavod SavaKovaevi uTivtuprestao je sa radom i krozproces
privatizacije njegovafunkcijase promjenilaumarinuza megajahte pod nazivom Porto
Montenegro.
Valorizacijasauvanognasljea
Sauvano nasljee tivatskogArsenalaimaizuzetnuistorijsku,tehniko-tehnoloku,arhitek-
tonskui memorijalnuvrijednostkoje se ogledajuusnanom duhumjesta.
Ukategorijunematerijalnognasljeaspadajuzanati,vjetine i znanja,obiaji,nainivota,
radai privreivanjakoji sustvorili duhArsenala,akoji sugeneracijamanjegovali i razvijali
stanovnici Tivtai Boke.
Poto je kompleksArsenalakao vojno-mornarikabazaod samognastanka imao
poseban reimbezbjednosne zatite,njegovo nasljee nikadanije naodgovarajuina in
proueno ivrednovano.Zbogtakvogstatusa, niArsenalkao cjelina, niijedan od njegovih
pojedinanih dijelovaiobjekata,nije upisan u Registar spomenikakulture u Crnoj Gori.
Uprkostome,prilikomprve civilne posjete strunjakazaindustrijko nasljee ovom
kompleksu njegove vrijednostisu prepoznate,avrijeme nastankaArsenala,atraktivna
lokacija,njegovitehniko-tehnolokiprocesi,arhitektonskii industrijskiobjektii
predmetinastaliu vrijeme prve pojave industrijalizacije u ovomdijelu Evrope,nesumljivo
gasvrstavaju u nasljee izuzetnih vrijednostikoje se moratititi,ne samo izpravnih
razloga,vei zbogpotovanjanacionalne iregionalne kulture itradicije.
Projektor, Tivat, Montenegro |author: KatarinaNikoli|
Tivat Arsenal
IstorijskirazvojArsenalauTivtumoesepratiti kroztri glavneepohe:
1889-1918- Austro-ugarski period
1918-1941- Period KraljevineSHS/Jugoslavije
1944-2007- Socijalistiki period
Od kraja19.Vijeka(1897.g.) vieod jednogvijekaArsenal jebiopokretakasnagarazvojaTivtai BokeKotorske.Unjemusu
radili i kolovali sevojni pitomci,zanatlijei inenjeri saprostoraitavebiveJugoslavije.Vojnoureenjei uspjenaindustrijaformi-
rali sunain ivotalokalnogstanovnitvakoji karakteriestrunostusloenim zanatskim i inenjerskim poslovima.Arsnal jebio
jedinstvenomjestonaistono-jadranskoj obali nakomesuseobavljalesvefazeprocesaremontaprijesvegavojnih domaih ali i stra-
nih brodovai drugih plovila.
Izgradnjom ArsenalaTivatjedoivljavaopostepenuali korjenitupromjenunainaivotai privreivanjanjegovih stanovnika,
pretvarajui seizpitoresknogidilinogpejzaaumoderni urbani industrijski grad.
NovijaistorijaTivtapoinje1814.godinekadasugaponovoosvojili Austrijanci i vladali svedo1918.godine.Gradnjom pomor-
skogArsenalazaaustrougarskupomorskuflotu- nazvanim ArsenaleFilialeTeodo,1889.godine,stvorili susepreduslovi zapoetak
industrijalizacijeuTivtu.
Uljeto1889.godineoformljenajeupravaDistacoamentokojapoinjeizgradnjupomorskogArsenala.Upravnazgradasagraena
je1898.godine.Neposrednonakon osnivanjapoinjesesaintenzivnom izgradnjom specijalizovanih radionicai pogonaapodiese
i drugi navoz.Godine1900.cijeli prostor Arsenalaograen jevisokim kamenim zidom.NapetapolitikasituacijauEvropi toga
vremenakaoi trkazanaoruanjem uinilajedaArsenal dobijanaznaaju.
Bokokotorski zaliv jepoetkom ISvjetkogratabiobazazadvadesetakratnih brodova,aulaskom Italijeu ratovaj broj sepoveao.
Poetkom 1916.godinepoinjeizgradnjaElektrinecentralezakojujeopremadopremljenaizNjemake.Neposrednonakon toga,
izgradjenesuMainskai Kotlarskaradionicai Livnica.Nataj nain Arsenal jepostaobazasamogunouizvoenjasloenih re-
montnih radova.
Nakon zavretkaISvjetskogratai nakon stvaranjaKraljevineSHS,Pomorski Arsenal uTivtuostaojejedinoovakvopostrojenjena
jugoslovenskoj obali Jadranakojesu1921.godineFrancuzi sveanopredali Ratnoj Mornarici Kraljevini SHS.
Tojeusloviloosamostaljivanje,reorganizacijui modernizacijuArsenala,paje1921.g.otvorenai Mornarikakolakojajevre-
menom preraslauVojno-zanatskukolu.
Modernizacijajezahtevalai adaptacijupostojeih i izgradnjunovih objekata,paje1921. godineosnovanaGraevinskaupravakoja
evremenom preuzeti svegraevinskeradove.Adaptirani su prostori Stolarske,Elektroi Bakrokovakeradionice.Gradnjavelikog
hangaraukomesusmjeteneTokarskai Mehaniarskaradionica,dovrenaje1923.godine.Neposrednonakotoga,izgraenesu
Cjevarskaradionicai Livnica,apotom i Brodoeljeznaradionica.
Napadom Njemakei ItalijenaJugoslavijufaistiketrupesu1941.godinepreuzelevojnukontrolunad Bokom.
Arsenal jebombardovan godine1944.godineod stranesaveznikeavijacije,aneposorednopred povlaenjeNjemci suunitili veliki
dioobjekatai postrojenja.
Izgradnjom socijalizmanakon IISvjetskograta,Tivatjepostaosavremeni grad sanovim ulicama,zgradama,kolamai hotelima.
Njegovarazvoj neraskidivojevezan zarazvoj Mornariko-tehnikogremontnogzavodaSavaKovaevi.
Vremenom,Zavod jerazvioproizvodni program koji jeobuhvataoremontdomaih i stranih ratnih brodova,remontbrodova
trgovakemornarice,proizvodnih sredstavaratnetehnikei protivratnih raketa.PosebnaspecijalnostZavodabiojeremonti
odravanjepodmornica.
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.
Albaniasheritage hasalwaysbeendefined inatop downway: expertswould determine
the listof potential monumentsand after their values would be examined and certified,the
monumentswould be partof the national listof preserved monuments.
Butsomethingcuriousishappening:inthe World Heritage ownof Gjirokastra,(alate
medieval town)foreignvisitorsare expressingtheir interestonthe townscommunistheritage
whichincludesbunkers,(some sayAlbaniahasaround 600000of them scattered around
the nation),bunkerstunnelsable to shelter the leadinginstitutionsinGjirokastra,the Enver
HoxhascommunistdictatorsEnglishbooksand house amongothers.
Tisexpressed interestsintriguedthe GjirokastraConservationand Development
Organization(GCDO),anAlbanianFoundationworkingfor the sustainable development
of Gjirokastrabased atitsheritage.Te main questionwas:canthese never used concrete
buildingsbe considered heritage?Whataboutthe industrial plants/structure thatproduced
thisconcrete bunkers?
Inaddition,thisprocessisnotinitiated neither by the ownersof the building,the community
and itslocal institutions,nor bythe central government,butbyitspotential users the
tourists.o add upto the weightof the question,Gjirokastrahasenoughbuild heritage to be
takencare already,some 600monumental housesand notenoughfunding.
GCDOisendeavoringto give an answer to these questions:from researchingand establishing
whatare the valuesof one of the mostdistinguished communistbuiltdeedsof Gjirokastra,a50room bunker shelter underneaththe GjirokastraCastle,to identifyingwhatthe community
of Gjirokastrathinksaboutthe communisteraand itsconcrete testimoniesand aimingto
build the firstCold War Museum inAlbania.
GjirokastraConservation and DevelopmentOrganization (GCDO), Albania
The Albanian Communist built heritage as
a part of the Albanian Industrial Heritage
Posters of SEE Industrial Heritage
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversity asavaluableresource.
Te industrialheritage (of Serbia)givesevidence of the activitieswhich have had and still
have profound historicalconsequences,while the motivesfor researchingand protecting
thisheritage can be based not only on itsuniversalvalue, but also on the specificcharacter
of itsunique sites.Te aimsof researchingthisheritage are to study the materialremains
of old industriesand technologicalprocesses,to consider their wider culturalcontexts,as
wellasto create alasting database.Duringthe research of the industrialheritage of Serbia
an effort hasbeen made to achieve the followingobjectives:to identify asmany industrial
heritage sitesaspossible,both those that have or have not maintained the manufacturing
process;to create archivaland photo-documentation;to establish/enhance international
cooperation asaparticularly suitable approach to industrialheritage preservation;and,
which isthe most complicated and so far hasnot been so successful,to protect important
sitesand buildingsby legal measures.Tese measuresshould be sufficiently strongto
ensure the preservation of importance of these sitesand to stressthe enormousimpact of
industrialization on regionsor cities.
Duringthe fieldwork,ithasbeen ascertained thatalarge number of major industrial facilities
still exist.However,individuallyspeaking,largeindustrial facilitieshave experiencedpartial
or evencomplete change,so to sayrecycling,of their function, so thatsome of them have
become virtuallydestroyed,i.e.their functionand appearance have beengreatlychanged.Tis
observationappliesalso to some minor facilities,aswell asto the sitessituated inzones that
have undergone seriouschangesrecentlydue to major constructiondevelopment,especially
inthe former industrial zonesof Belgrade.Itcanbe assumed thatthe trend of treatingsuch
zonesof major citiesasbrownfieldsor evengreenfieldswill spread to Ni,Kragujevac,Novi
Sad ...Te questionof current interestisthe difference betweenprotectionand functional
maintenance of industrial buildingsand attitudestowardsheritage,wider /and our attitude
towardsbuildingsthatare,today,primarilycharacterised byarchitectural featuresof large-
scale industryintroduced ahundred yearsago or earlier (and evenmodernism, broadly
speaking).Industrial archaeologyisonlyone of the fieldsthat should give ananswer to this
question.
Itisnotpossible to give anoverall estimationof the state of the industrial heritage inSerbia.
Itischaracteristic of larger settlements,especiallyBelgrade,thatalarge number of old
industrial facilitieshave either changed their functionor stopped operating.Tere are casesof
factoriesor facilitiesthathave beenseriously damaged or destroyed.Te state of preservation
of industrial buildingsvariesfrom excellentto rather poor,and evendevastated.Onlyin
extremelyrare cases,some old factories,whichare,in fact,complexesconsistingof five or
more workshopsand/or buildingshave beenthoroughlyrenovated.Almostall facilitiesthat
are partof industrial heritage,whichare still operating,are inaverygood co nditionalthough
sometimeswe cangetanimpressionthattheyare inthe state of neglect,and veryoften,it is
possible to see the buildinginterventionsundertakenover the pastdecadesinorder to ensure
their smoothoperation.Ageneral attitude isthatall facilitiesthatare operatingshould keep
their functionand the protectionmeasuresthatneed to be applied refer primarilyto their
painting,veryrarelyto moisture isolation,and alwaysto emphasizingtheir functional context.
Onlysome of the numeroussitesof the industrial heritage of Serbiaenjoythe statusof
cultural properties.Luckily,alarge number of them are inagood condition,while some are
inthe state of full and continuous operation.Notwithstandingthe above-mentioned status,it
should be said thatthe survivingfactoriesof old textile industry,mainlycomplexescomprising
several buildingssituated onanareaof afew acres, builtbetweenthe late 19thand the first
half of the 20thcentury,generallyor since recentlyhave notor have onlybeenpartlyoperating.
The Industrial
Heritage of SerbiaARCH, Belgrade, Serbia |author: Rifat Kulenovi|
Consequently,partof their original workingprocessand the meansof productionhave been
preserved.Tere are manymechanical millsinVojvodina,inthe surroundingsof Belgrade
and some incentral Serbiathatare still successfully operating.Tese millsare equipped with
the original enginesand theyhave beeninconstanto peration.Similarly,the old irreversible
systemsused bypumpingstations,canalsand drainage systems,aswell as several hydroelectric
power plantsare still inoperation...
Te initiative goingonsince the 1980swithinthe framework of sustainable developmentof
Europe isbased onaninnovative approachto heritage protection.Itsemphasisis onthe fact
thatEuropeansshare unique Europeancultural heritage,whichstrengthensbothindividual
societiesand the EuropeanUnion,and thuspositivelyinfluencesthe social,cultural and
scientific traditionsof all Europeannations.Tere are some examplesof the industrial heritage
of Serbia:
-Hydroelectric power plantVuje,near Leskovac | constructed in1903| inworkingc ondition
| enginesSiemens,AEG
-Hydroelectric power plantSvetaPetka,near Ni| constructed in1908| inworking
condition| enginesSiemens,AEG,Germany
-Hydroelectric power plantGamzigrad,near Zajear | constructed in1909| inworking
condition| enginesSiemens,AEG,Germany
-PumpingstationDubovac,near BelaCrkva| constructed in1910| inworkingcondition|
enginesGanz,Hungary
-Mill Boinovi,Debelicanear Negotin| constructed in1924-26| inworkingco ndition|
enginesJos.ProkopaSynove, CzechRepublic
StaralivnicaKragujevac
AlbatrosSremskaMitrovica
CiglanaBon Kikinda
SeceranaBeograd
ZorkaSubotica
HEGamzigrad.
PivaraZrenjanin
www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespect eachother onthe
basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural, ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.
InBosniaand Hercegovina,asa industrial heritage,the Comissionto Preserve NationalMonumentshasdesignated two national monumentsinthe categoryof industrial heritage:
ITe group ofindustrial buildingsof theelectric power stationatHrid (Dudin Hrid) in Sarajevo
Te groupof industrial buildingsconsistsof a)the electric power stationand apparatus
(generators,turbines,controlsand switchgear)and the original toolsfor the maintenance of
the power station,b)aresidential buildingand c) accompanyinginfrastructure systems.
Te propertyisanextremelyrare surviving example of the industrial heritage datingfrom the
Austro-Hungarianperiod inBosniaand Herzegovina,withseveral interestingfeatures:the
Austro-Hungarianauthoritiesdecided to build anelectric power stationatHrid justbefore
the outbreak of World War I,and itwasbuiltduring and beganoperatingatthe end of the
war.Itwasused notonly for productionof electrical power,also for providingthe cityof
Sarajevo withpotable water.
Te worldsfirstelectric power stationwasbuiltinNew York (New Jersey)in1882,so that
the constructionof asteam-powered electric power stationatHisetaby the Miljackain1895
and of the hydro power stationatHrid in1913-1917putSarajevo onanequal footingwith
other world capitalsof the day.
IIProduction ofsaltin uzla,the industrial heritage
National monumentProductionof saltinuzla consistsof three components:
1. Old SaltPansKrekawithits chimney,workshopsand warehouse of rare materials,
Museum of Saltwithintangible heritage,
2. Saltwellswithwater pipe and pumpterminal onBori hill
3. Saltwellsfrom Ottomanperiod
Saltproductioninuzlaisongoingfrom Neolittill now.Old SaltPanswithSaltf actorywas
built 1950s,while firstsaltwellsused for saltingoutwater are builtbyOttomans1474.Te
original saltwell from thatperiod issituated atthe Saltsquare (Solni trg)whichgotits name
bysaltdepositsused for takingoutsaltand saltproductionatthatplace.ownuzlagotits
name acoringthe urkishword UZ=salt.
Withthe arrival of the Ottomansin1460, saltproductionmodernized increased fivefold so
the townbeganto gaininimportance.Saltproductionand the gained profitwere the key
factorsfor establishinguzlaasatown.
uzlasaltproductionwasrecognized evenoutside BH borders.Inthe 17thcenturythe
FrenchKingLouisXIVwas supplyinghispalace withthe saltfrom uzlathroughhistraders
and in1876Bosnianregiondemonstrated itssalt productiononthe International rade Fair
inPhiladelphia.
UponAustro-Hungarianannexationof BiH,the firstSaltFactory,builtin1885in Simin
Han(the suburb of uzla),represented the beginningof the industrial saltproduction.Te
old SaltFactoryfrom 1885inKreka,saltwell from 1477on the Soni rgand the complexof
saltwellswithwater pipe and pumpterminal onBori hill are the firstsites beendesignated as
anational monumentsinthe categoryof industrial heritage.Te museum of saltproductionoperatingwithinthe SaltFactorypossessesphotographic documentationand objectsthat
confirm the longhistoryof saltproductioninuzla.
However,the followingsites,whichare partof historical-industrial heritage of uzla,are also
considered to have certaintourism potential.
(* Sources:Comission toPreserveNational MonumentsofBosniaand Hercegovina)
Cultural HeritagewithoutBorders, Regional ofce, Bosniaand Hercegovina
Industrial Heritage
in Bosnia and
HercegovinaCultural HeritagewithoutBorders, Regional ofce, Bosniaand Hercegovina
www seeheritage org South Eas European Heitage Network
8/13/2019 SEE Heritage Brochure
10/11
www.seeheritage.org South Eas European Heitage Network
SouthEast Europe(SEE)8regionwherepeoplecooperate,
understandandrespect eachotheron
thebasis of theirculturaldifferences.
www.seeheritage.org
FinancedbyCHwBthrough SIDA
www.seeheritage.org
SouthEast Europe(SEE)8regionwherepeoplecooperate, understandandrespect eachother
onthebasisof theirculturaldifferences, believingthat cultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityisavaluableresource.
www.seeheritage.org
SEE Heritage NetworkINFOVol. I, Issue1, January-April 2011
Ourvision: SouthEast Europe
(SEE)regionw herepeople
cooperate, understandandrespect
eachotheronthe basisof their
culturaldifferences, believingthat cultural, ethnicandreligious
diversityisa valuableresource.
Ourmission: weworkt owards
protectingandpromotingthe
commonculturalheritagewiththe
aimof encouragingsustainable
development of theregion
STUDYTOUR:Thecontribution ofcivil societyto the
preservation ofcultural heritage
Representativesofthe SEE Heritage
NetworkmembersGjirokastra Conservation
andDevelopment Organization(Albania),
Expeditio(Montenegro)andSuburbium
(Serbia),the CHwB Regional Ofce in
Pristina,andSEE Heritage Secretary,took
part inthe People topeople (P2P)studytour
inBrussels(Belgium)on 29March 1April
2011.The meetingwasorganizedbythe
EuropeanCommission,DGEnlargement.The aim ofthe studytourwasto
introduce tothe participantsthe EUpoliciesandprogrammesrelatedtocultural
heritage,andtooffer them exchange andnetworkingopportunitiesamong
themselvesandwithotherEuropean-level civil societyorganisationsactive in
thiseld.
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TheHeadleyTrustsupportsSEE HeritageNetworkSecretariat
The UKbasedfoundation,HeadleyTrust,will support the
activitiesofthe SEE Heritage
networkSecretariat inthe
periodof2 years.The HTBoard
agreedtogive institutional
support tothe Secretariat with
anaim toenable efcient work
ofthe SEE Heritage network
andtocontribute tomore
successful work& fulllment
ofthe missionsofits members,
contributingtoprotectionand
promotionofthe cultural heritage
inthe region.The grant will
be usedforthe workof the
Secretariat ofce,maintaining
communicationwiththe
members,technical maintenance
ofthe website,organizingoftwo
networkmeetings(in2011and
2012)aswell asfor PR activities
(SEE Heritage calendar,leaet
andreport).
Thankyoufor devotingyourtime toreadthis Newsletter!!!Questionsor comments? E-mail usat secretary@seeheritage.org ,or call +382323025 20
www.seeheritage.org
SEE HeritageCalendar2011
The newSEE Heritage Calendarfor2011is alreadyon
yourdesks,illustratingthe reachheritage ofourregion.
We wouldlike thanktoourfriendsand memberswho
sent ustheirphotosfor the Calendar,althoughnot all
ofthem couldbe usedforthisversionof the Calendar.
However,we enjoyedphotosandwill keepthem inour
data base.
SEE HeritageNetworkAssociatememberof theCSEProject
SEE Heritage Networkbecame anassociate memberofthe project Civil So-cietyEngagement incommunitybuildingthroughthe understanding,develop-
ment,management andpreservationofthe built cultural heritage of theWest-
ernBalkans CSEinHeritage,supportedbythe EuropeanCommissionDG
Enlargement underthe IPA2009Civil SocietyFacility Multi-beneciary
ProgrammesSupport to PartnershipActionsbetweenCultural Organizations.
The project isimplementedbythe EUand WesternBalkanNGOs: Transilvania
Trust (Romania)asproject leader,Europa Nostra Netherlands,Cultural Heri -
tage without Borders(Sweden),EXPEDITIO(Montenegro),Europa Nostra
Serbia,andEmancipimi Civil Ma Ndryshe (Kosovo).
Itsoverall objective isto strengthenthe role ofcivil society/cultural operatorsin
raisingawarenessofthe value of the built cultural heritage insocietybuilding
andcommunitydevelopment.
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Sout hEast Eur ope(SEE)8r egionw her epeoplecooperate, understandandrespect eachother
ont hebasisof t heir culturaldif f erences, believingt hat cult ural,ethnicandr eli giousdiversityi savaluabler esour ce.
www.seeheritage.org
Calendars
The SEE Heritage Network
cooperates with:
Europa Nostra
European Commission-P2PProgramme
Quebec-Labrador Foundation
(QLF), Canada
Is an Associate partner in the
CSE in Heritage Project funded
by the European Comission
E-newsletter Presentation by Adrienne Blattel from QLF
So far the SEE Heritage Network meetings and activities have been nanced by:
CHwB through funds provided by Sida
Open Society Institute (The East- East: Partnership Beyond Borders Program)via
the Foundation Open Society Macedonia and the Foundation Open Society Institute,
Representative Ofce in Montenegro
The work of the SEE Heritage Network and its Secretariat is nancially supported by the
Headley Trust, United Kingdom, and Sida, Sweden
8/13/2019 SEE Heritage Brochure
11/11
SEE Heritage Network SecretariatP.O.Box 85kaljari bb, 85330 KotorMontenegro
t. +382 32 302 520f. +382 32 302 521m. + 382 69 773 890
secretary@seeheritage.orginfo@seeheritage.org
www. seeheritage.org