Sedimentary Sedimentary GeologyGeology

Geos 240 – Chapter Geos 240 – Chapter 3-33-3

Sedimentary Sedimentary Petrology-3Petrology-3

Dr. Tark HamiltonDr. Tark Hamilton

Camosun CollegeCamosun College

LLRR

MudMud

Silty MudSilty Mud

Sandy Sandy MudMud

Muddy Muddy Silt/SandSilt/Sand

Breccia/ Breccia/ ConglomerConglomerateate

Field

Lab

Limestone names: Limestone names: Dunham/FolkDunham/Folk

Lime mudstone/Micrite

Wackestone/Biomicrite

Packstone/OomicriteIntrasparite Grainstone/Sparry Biomicrudite

Facies Map of Andros Island:Facies Map of Andros Island:E.G. Purdy 1963, Jour. Geol. & E.G. Purdy 1963, Jour. Geol. &

Satellite ViewSatellite View

A

B

CD

S

BStromatoporoid & Bryozoan Biosparite Grainstone

Dolomite Rhombs Replacing Dolomite Rhombs Replacing Cretaceous ChalkCretaceous Chalk

Dolostone Collapse Breccia, Dolostone Collapse Breccia, NWTNWT

Folded Radiolarian Chert, J. Cache Creek Fm.

DiagenesDiagenesis in is in

Clastic Clastic SedimentSediment

ss

F

F

Q

Bt

Hb

Niagara Escarpment Resistant Niagara Escarpment Resistant cap of Silurian Lockport cap of Silurian Lockport

Dolostone overlies Ordovician Dolostone overlies Ordovician Limestone & ShaleLimestone & Shale

The escarpment is aCuesta which forms the

North edgeof the Michigan Basin.

Click on photo for higher resolution.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

Stromatoporoids, Lockport Dolomite, NY

Ordovician packstone Ordovician packstone (biomicrite)(biomicrite)

photo by Madeline Ernstphoto by Madeline Ernst

Stylolites

Ord. Limestone

DiagenesDiagenesisisin in

LimestoLimestonesnes::

Micrite Micrite recrystallirecrystalli

zeszesto Spariteto Sparite

Petrographic Goals for the Petrographic Goals for the CourseCourse

Distinguish Distinguish siliciclasticsiliciclastic (detrital) from (detrital) from carbonatescarbonates

Be able to correctly name a rock from its grain Be able to correctly name a rock from its grain and matrix composition and texture: e.g. and matrix composition and texture: e.g. feldspathic sandstone, lithic wacke, feldspathic sandstone, lithic wacke, carbonaceous shalecarbonaceous shale

Distinguish: quartz, feldspar, micas, Fe-oxidesDistinguish: quartz, feldspar, micas, Fe-oxides Describe grain size, shape and grain size Describe grain size, shape and grain size

distributions using a microscopedistributions using a microscope Distinguish: grains, matrix, cement & porosityDistinguish: grains, matrix, cement & porosity Recognize grain alignment, sedimentary Recognize grain alignment, sedimentary

layeringlayering

Petrographic Goals for the Petrographic Goals for the CourseCourse

Distinguish Distinguish CarbonateCarbonate from detrital rocks from detrital rocks Be able to recognize and name various types of Be able to recognize and name various types of

allochems (grains) and distinguish them from: allochems (grains) and distinguish them from: matrix, cements & porositymatrix, cements & porosity

Distinguish: cement types: carbonate, quartz, Distinguish: cement types: carbonate, quartz, hematitehematite

Distinguish fossils, ooliths and pelletsDistinguish fossils, ooliths and pellets Distinguish calcite and aragonite from dolomiteDistinguish calcite and aragonite from dolomite Classify carbonates by Dunham and Folk Classify carbonates by Dunham and Folk

schemesschemes Distinguish various types and %’s of porosityDistinguish various types and %’s of porosity