Post on 17-Jul-2020
Scaling Up Energy Efficiency –
Experiences from Germany
17-05-09 Referent 1 IEA: Efficiency is the most important means of reducing CO
2 emissions.
fossil fuel subsidies; 12%
upstream CH4 reductions; 18%
power generation; 21%
road transport; 6%
industrial motors; 14%
appliances and lighting; 14%
heating and cooling; 15%
Andere; 0,49
energy
efficiency,
49%
State of Play
3
Domestic
Production Imports
Total Domestic Energy
Primary Energy Consumption
Export and Storage
Non-energy consumption
Conversion losses
Consumption in energy sector
Final Energy Consumption
Industry Transport Households Commerce, Trade, Services
Energy consumption
in Germany 2014 Source: AGEB, 2015
State of Play
Development of Germany’s final energy consumption by sector
Historic data shows little change in the overall distribution between sectors. The largest savings were achieved by the trade, commerce and service sectors.
17-05-09 Referent 4
So
urc
e: A
GE
B 2
01
5
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
Pe
tajo
ule
[P
J]
trade, commerce& service
households
transport
industry
State of Play – where do we use energy?
Efficiency targets and energy productivity in Germany
Efficiency measures allow clean growth by decoupling economic growth from energy consumption.
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5
5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Index 1990=100
final energyproductivity
final energyproductivity target
GDP
primary energydemand
primary energydemand target
GHG emissions
GHG emissions target
National targets:
+2.1% final energy productivity p.a.
2020/2050: 20/50% reduction vs. 2008
2050: 80-95% reduction vs. 1990
153.7* Status 2014
145.0
88.9
75.2**
* Status 2013
** Status 2012
Development since 1990
17-05-09 6
GJ/1000 € GDP GJ/Head
Primary Energy / GDP Primary Energy Consumption / Head
On average since 1991
On average since 1991
2050 Energiewende targets
The energy transition follows a transparent, long-term strategy with specific targets.
17-05-09 7
So
urc
e: F
ed
era
l G
ove
rnm
en
t 2
01
0, B
MU
/BM
Wi 2
01
4,
BM
Wi 2
01
5,
AG
EE
-Sta
t 2
01
4, A
GE
B 2
01
5, B
MW
i 20
16
Climate
Renewable
Energies
Energy
Efficiency
% gross final energy
consumption
% gross electricity
consumption
% primary energy
consumption (vs. 2008)
final energy productivity
(vs. 2008)
building renovation
% greenhouse gas
reduction (vs. 1990)
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2050
+2.1% p.a. (2008-2050)
doubling of renovation rate: 1% 2% p.a.
-40 -55
-70 -80 to -95
35 40 to 45 50 65
80 55 to 60
18 30
45 60
-20
-50
13,7%
32.6% (2015)
- 7.3 % (2015)
1.7% p.a.
~1% p.a.
-27%
Achieved
2014
1.7% % transport energy
consumption (vs. 2008) -10 -40
Efficiency is in the heart of the German energy transition
Energy Efficiency Policy
8
2030 Targets
Energy Efficiency Directive (EED)
Energiekonzept (2010)
National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency
(NAPE) (2014)
Energy Efficiency Strategy for Buildings
(2015)
Energy efficiency policy frameworks
Germany’s energy efficiency policy is embedded in the EU framework.
17-05-09 Speaker 9
Ecodesign and Energy
Labelling Directive
Energy Performance of
Buildings Directive (EPBD)
EU
policy
Policies in
Germany
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5
1. Awareness: information and consulting services
2. Financial incentives: 3 billion € p.a. (2 billion alone for CO2 building modernization programme; provision of grants & low-interest rate loans)
3. Regulation (building codes, ecodesign & labeling directive, energy audits in industry, ETS)
4. Energy taxation
What does Germany do for efficiency?
IEA: Germany avoided 30 billion USD of fossil fuel imports in 2014 alone as a result of energy efficiency investments since 1990 (all IEA-members: 80 billion USD).
17-05-09 10
4 Pillars of the German Efficiency Policy
17-05-09 Speaker 11
What does Germany do for efficiency?
Provision of information by the public sector
Offers of advice
Comprehensive communication measures
KfW CO2 building renovation programme
Market incentive programme
Technology grants, (e.g. renewable energies)
Highly efficient “cross-sectional technologies“
Competitive invitations to tender for power efficiency (STEP up!)
and much more …
Statutory requirements placed on building quality and energy consumption for new buildings and renovations (EnEV)
EDL Act
Energy consumption labelling (EU)
Energy charge Electrictiy tax, Car tax
Truck toll
EU emissions trading
Broad-based and well networked energy research
Information &
advice Financial assistance Regulatory law Price measures
Quantitative
measures
Research &
development
Efficiency Instruments and Measures of the German energy transition
Energy efficiency policies find a balance between consultation, information, incentives and regulation.
The National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE)
17-05-09 Speaker 12
4
40
12,5 10 10
29,5
74,5
50,5
85
51,5 10
Quality assurance and optimising energy consulting
Incentives for energy-efficient renovations (total savingsnot clear)Upgrading, continuation and increased funding of theCO2 building renovation programmePromoting “energy performance contracting“
National energy-efficiency label for old heatinginstallationsUpgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes
Energy efficiency networks initiative
Obligation to perform energy audits for non-SMEs
National top runner initiative
Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energyefficiencyAdditional immediate measures
NAPE: Additional energy efficiency measures in Germany
These measures shall lead to additional energy savings of 350-380 PJ by 2020.
13
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5 b
ase
d o
n B
MW
i 2
01
4
Savings in PJ
Key pillars of the National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency
14
Stepping up energy efficiency
in buildings
Energy efficiency as a return and business model
Individual responsibility for energy efficiency
All the measures under the NAPE adhere to a common principle: supply information - provide support - demand action.
Buildings: CO2 building modernization programme (+200 million; inclusion of commercially used buildings; heat pump programme)
Buildings: Energy renovation roadmaps (on-site consultation aiming on phased building modernization)
Industry: New promotional schemes (horizontal technologies, waste heat utilization)
Strengthening of consulting services
Awareness campaign
NAPE - Strengthening existing schemes
17-05-09 15
Tendering scheme (using competition to define scope of incentives and technologies)
500 energy efficiency networks of companies (building awareness and capacity through business-to-business exchange in networks)
Energy performance contracting (public guarantees for contracting projects by SMEs and public authorities)
Metering savings programme (supporting digital services to measure savings)
NAPE - Innovative approaches
17-05-09 16
Challenges/Outlook
17
Framework Conditions:
At present „head-wind“ from low fossil energy prices
The „Baake –Effect“ will maintain this low cost environment
Questions:
How can we create tail-wind for more efficiency and less use of fossil fuels?
Germany has started consultations for a Green Paper Process
17-05-09 18
Main principle: Efficiency First – the new compass for the energy transition: 1. Energy efficiency 2. Direct use of renewable energies 3. Sector coupling: energy efficient use of renewable electricity in the areas
of heat, transport and industry
Creating a cost-efficient synergy between EE and RE, “Friendly Twins”
The Greenpaper Process:
Thinking the next level of energy efficiency
Main Question:
What are suitable Instruments for creating a level playing field for clean fuels?
Price measures? Quantitative measures? Regulation?
The Greenpaper Process at present analyses the status quo and possible
instruments and consults stakeholders.
Aim: A whitepaper for the next government coalition
Thank you for your attention!
17-05-09 19
Thank you for your attention!
17-05-09 20
Its efficient to cut down on
your expenditures for heating,
Not for traveling
NAPE: Efficiency measures and their expected savings
A balance of information, support and regulation.
17-05-09 Speaker 21
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5 b
ase
d o
n B
MW
i 2
01
4
Quality assurance and optimising of energy consulting 4.0 PJ
Incentive programme for energy-efficient renovation up to 40 PJ
Continuation and increased funding of the CO2 building modernisation programme 12.5 PJ
Promoting “energy performance contracting“ 5.5-10 PJ
National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations 10.0 PJ
Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency 26-51.5 PJ
Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes 29.5 PJ
Energy efficiency networks initiative 74.5 PJ
Obligation to perform energy audits for non-SMEs 50.5 PJ
National top runner initiative 85.0 PJ
Pilot programme for energy savings meters -
32-76.5 PJ
savings
180.5-206 PJ
savings
85 PJ
savings
NAPE immediate
measures
• Energy efficiency
incentive programme
• Enhancement of the
KfW programmes for
energy-efficient
construction and
renovation
Energy efficiency in buildings
Buildings have great potential, but greater efforts are needed to achieve a virtually climate neutral building stock.
17-05-09 Speaker 22
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5 b
ase
d o
n A
GE
B,
20
14
, B
MW
i 2
01
4 Sector measures
• Information campaign
• Energy consulting
• KfW programmes for energy-
efficient construction and
renovation
• Heating check and labelling
• Energy saving legislation (EnEV)
• Energy performance certificates
• Key points of the energy
efficiency strategy for buildings
35,0%
Sector relevance
of final energy
consumption in 2014 35% 3,027 PJ
Buildings’
consumption
Industrial efficiency: challenges and measures
Some barriers still inhibit the implementation of economically-viable energy efficiency measures.
17-05-09 Speaker 23
Sourc
e: F
raunhofe
r IS
I, IR
EE
S
and H
assan 2
013
Barriers
• Amortisation
requirements
• Operational
write-offs
• Financing
• Upfront-investment
• Lack of information
and time
Measures
• KfW credits and loans
• Grants for cross-cutting
technologies and energy efficient
production processes
• Competitive tendering
• Energy audits
• Energy management systems
• Energy efficiency networks
The NAPE adresses existing barriers and new areas
24
Stepping up energy efficiency in buildings, i.a.
• Continuation and upgrading (+200 million € p.a.) of CO2 Building
Modernisation Programme (extension to commercial buildings)
• Quality assurance and optimizing of energy consultation (e.g. on-
site consultations with renovation roadmaps for phased renovations)
• Introduction of “heating checks” (using voluntary local heating
checks whereby specialists [e.g. craftworkers or chimney sweeps]
pinpoint weak points of existing heating systems)
Energy efficiency in trade/services and industry
These sectors’ contributions depend strongly on reforming the EU emissions trading scheme.
17-05-09 Speaker 25
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5
Industry
29%
Transport
30%
Households 26%
Trade and
services …
Sector relevance
of final energy
consumption in 2014
3,806 PJ
44% NAPE
immediate
actions
• Competitive
tendering
• Energy
efficiency
networks
Sector measures
• Obligatory energy audits
• Exemptions from EEG levy and
eco tax when implementation of
energy management system
• KfW credits and loans
• Grants for cross-cutting
technologies and energy efficient
production processes
• European emissions trading
• Voluntary agreements with the
manufacturing sector
NAPE
immediate
actions, e.g.
• Promoting the
use of
electrical
drives
• Extension of
road toll for
heavy vehicles
• Promoting
public transport
Energy efficiency in transport
Fuel taxes are the dominant measure in the transport sector.
17-05-09 Speaker 26
So
urc
e: E
co
fys 2
01
5
Sector
measures
• Fuel taxes
• E-mobility strategy
• Motor vehicle
taxation
• Mobility and fuel
strategy
Industry; 2.508
Transport;
2.629
Households; 2.212
Trade and
services; 1.298
Sector relevance
of final energy
consumption in 2014 30% 2,629 PJ
Scientific assessment of energy efficiency potentials in 2030
17-05-09 Referent 27
Heating and cooling
Power and fuels
Information/ communication
Building renovation, renovation heating system and new
building
Lighting
Building renovation, renovation
heating system
Households Trade, commerce, services Transport
Washing machine, tumble dryer
Refrigerators, freezers
ICT equipment
Optimizing HVAC systems
Refrigeration and freezing systems
Street lighting
Lighting
Efficient cars
Relocating urban car traffic to public transport and cycling Truck driver
training
Introducing hybrid buses
Introduction hybrid light-commercial vehicles
Energy-efficient driving
Low rolling resistance tire cars
Low rolling resistance tire trucks
Trucks: low-viscosity oils
Crosscutting technologies
Basic chemicals
Metal production
other engine systems
Electric motors
Cooling supply Condensing
gas boiler
Ventilation systems
Paper industry
Pump systems
Lighting
Non-ferrous metals
Food industry
Compressed air
Minerals
Glass and ceramics
A square of this size
German final energy consumption 2010: approximately 9000 PJ.
corresponds to a savings of 16 PJ / yr.
Industry
LED traffic lights
Office equipment
Industry-specific technologies
Lighting
So
urc
e: IF
EU
, F
rau
nh
ofe
r IS
I, P
rog
no
s, G
WS
et
al. 2
01
1
28
Competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency
The tendering scheme will motivate ESCOs, municipal utilities, energy cooperatives, manufacturers and others to identify economic ways to save energy.
• Measures with the most economic cost-benefit ratio will be awarded
• Initial focus on electricity; first tendering procedure in 2016
• Measures on company/institution level as well as bundled projects
• Open auctions (technology neutral) plus closed auctions for
specific technologies
Energy efficiency networks
EE networks are a suitable instrument for advancing a culture of energy efficiency in industry, commerce and trade.
29
• Regional best-practice exchange among 8-15 company practitioners
in one network
• Networks aim on improving capacity within companies to plan and
execute profitable investments in energy efficiency
• Pilot project with 30 networks (doubling of efficiency improvement
compared to industry average)
• Goal of agreement between Federal Government and 20 industry and
business associations: 500 networks until 2020
Energy efficiency improvements in the G7 countries
Energy productivity levels differ largely, even between G7 countries.
17-05-09 Dr. Martin Schöpe 30
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Prim
ary
en
erg
y p
rod
uctivity
in U
S$
20
05
/ G
J
Germany
France
UK
Italy
USA
Canada
Japan
So
urc
e: IE
A 2
01
3; W
orl
db
an
k 2
01
4