Post on 24-Dec-2015
Satellite Digital Satellite Digital Audio Radio Audio Radio
ServiceServiceReceiver Front-EndReceiver Front-End
(SDARS)(SDARS)Albert KuliczAlbert Kulicz
Greg LandgrenGreg Landgren
Advisor: Dr. Prasad ShastryAdvisor: Dr. Prasad Shastry
SDARSSDARS
What is SDARSWhat is SDARS Overall System Block DiagramOverall System Block Diagram Patch AntennaPatch Antenna LLow ow NNoise oise AAmplifiers (LNA)mplifiers (LNA) Equipment and Parts List Equipment and Parts List Tasks for Next Semester Tasks for Next Semester
What is SDARS?What is SDARS?
The The SSatellite atellite DDigital igital AAudio udio RRadio adio SService is ervice is primarily for entertainment broadcasting from primarily for entertainment broadcasting from orbital satellites and received by modules orbital satellites and received by modules commonly found on modern automobiles. (ex: commonly found on modern automobiles. (ex: XM or Sirius Radio)XM or Sirius Radio)
This project involves designs, simulations, This project involves designs, simulations, fabrication, and testing of a patch antenna and fabrication, and testing of a patch antenna and low-noise amplifier (LNA) to receive SDARS low-noise amplifier (LNA) to receive SDARS signals by means of SIRIUS receiver. signals by means of SIRIUS receiver.
The inclusion of the entire active antenna The inclusion of the entire active antenna (passive antenna + impedance matching network (passive antenna + impedance matching network + LNA) will be designed to minimize physical + LNA) will be designed to minimize physical size, while producing the best quality of signal.size, while producing the best quality of signal.
System Block DiagramSystem Block Diagram
Passive Antenna
Low Noise Cascaded Amplifier Network
Impedance Matching Network
Active Antenna on PCB
F1 F2
G1 G2
SIRIUS Radio Receiver
Incoming Circularly Polarized Satellite Signal (-105 to -95)dbm
Antenna and LNA physical Antenna and LNA physical board design board design
Compared to past SDARS projects, Compared to past SDARS projects, our design will contain the entire our design will contain the entire active antenna on a single “board” active antenna on a single “board” consisting of two substrates as seen consisting of two substrates as seen below. below.
Patch AntennaPatch Antenna
Passive portion of the active antenna Passive portion of the active antenna Receives incoming signal from Receives incoming signal from
satellitesatellite Design Goal – Make it smaller than Design Goal – Make it smaller than
previous SDARS attempts and stay previous SDARS attempts and stay within the specified requirements within the specified requirements
Antenna RequirementsAntenna Requirements
Receive signals in the frequency band Receive signals in the frequency band from 2.32 GHz to 2.3325 GHz (BW of from 2.32 GHz to 2.3325 GHz (BW of 12.5 MHz)12.5 MHz)
LLeft eft HHand and CCircular ircular PPolarization olarization (LHCP)(LHCP)
Match in impedance to LNA network Match in impedance to LNA network
(~50 Ohms)(~50 Ohms)
Probe Feed – Placement will determine Probe Feed – Placement will determine polarization and impedance match polarization and impedance match
Antenna Requirements Antenna Requirements Cont…Cont…
Desired: VSWR <2 or S11<-10 dB , fo = 2.326 GHz , 12.5MHz BW
Antenna Impedance Antenna Impedance BandwidthBandwidth
.012
%BW = BW/fo = (12.5M Hz/2.326 GHz) * 100% = 0.537%
Antenna High Frequency Antenna High Frequency Substrate - Rogers Substrate - Rogers
RO3003RO3003
Antenna Dimension Antenna Dimension EquationsEquations
(L=W for square patch)(L=W for square patch) Initial length L = c/(2fo* Initial length L = c/(2fo* εεr^(1/2))r^(1/2))
εεeff= (eff= (εεr+1)/2 + (r+1)/2 + (εεr-1)/2*[1+12(h/L))^(-r-1)/2*[1+12(h/L))^(-1/2)1/2)
Fringe factor, Fringe factor, ΔΔL=0.412 h (ε eff + 0.3)L=0.412 h (ε eff + 0.3)( W/h + 0.264) / ( (ε eff - 0.258)(W/h + ( W/h + 0.264) / ( (ε eff - 0.258)(W/h + 0.8))0.8))
New length L = c/(2fo* New length L = c/(2fo* εεeff^(1/2)) - 2eff^(1/2)) - 2ΔΔLL repeat iterative process repeat iterative process 3.692cm x 3.692 cm 3.692cm x 3.692 cm
[1] Balanis, Constantine A, “Microstrip Antennas,” in Antenna Theory, 3rd ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2005, pp. 811-882
LHCP and Probe Feed SDARS signal from satellite is LHCP so the
antenna must also be LHCP to receive the signal
LHCP Probe Feed on Patch Antenna
Using CPPATCH program we determined the distance from the center to edge (along diagonal) to be 0.382 cm
Low Noise Amplifers Low Noise Amplifers (LNA)(LNA)
The LNA network will take the low-The LNA network will take the low-power satellite signal and amplify it to power satellite signal and amplify it to a level where the Sirius receiver can a level where the Sirius receiver can reliably decode the radio channels reliably decode the radio channels
A cascaded network of LNAs will allow A cascaded network of LNAs will allow us to achieve both a low total noise us to achieve both a low total noise factor and a high total gain factor and a high total gain
Two stages of amplification will suffice Two stages of amplification will suffice
LNA RequirementsLNA Requirements
Noise factor shall be <= 1dBNoise factor shall be <= 1dB
NF = FNF = F1 1 + (+ (FF2 2 -1)/G-1)/G1 1 + (F+ (F33-1)/(G-1)/(G11*G*G22 ))++ . . . . . .
Total gain shall be -> 40~50 dBTotal gain shall be -> 40~50 dBGGtotaltotal = = G G11 + G+ G2 2 + . . .+ . . .
Hittite LNAsHittite LNAs
First stage NF <.9dB Second stage Higher Gain
Total Noise Factor = 0.77 Total Gain = 45 dB
Parts and EquipmentParts and Equipment RO3003 substrateRO3003 substrate Sirius Radio Sirius Radio
Receiver Receiver LNA substrate - tbd LNA substrate - tbd HMC548LP3 LNAHMC548LP3 LNA HMC667LP2 LNAHMC667LP2 LNA MCL15542 DC MCL15542 DC
Blocking CapacitorBlocking Capacitor
EM Simulation Software (Sonnet / Momentum)
PCAAD Agilent ADS CPPATCH Network
Analyzer Spectrum
Analyzer Frequency
Generator Power Supplies
Tasks for Next SemesterTasks for Next Semester Complete EM simulations with Sonnet and Complete EM simulations with Sonnet and
Momentum and optimize antenna design (Feb)Momentum and optimize antenna design (Feb) Test LNA evaluation boards with NA (Feb)Test LNA evaluation boards with NA (Feb) Design Impedance Matching for the LNA network Design Impedance Matching for the LNA network
(Feb) (Feb) Design Bias Circuitry for the LNAs (March)Design Bias Circuitry for the LNAs (March) Simulate entire active antenna in Agilent ADS Simulate entire active antenna in Agilent ADS
(March)(March) Outsource Fabrication of Substrates (March)Outsource Fabrication of Substrates (March) Test Fabricated Antenna and LNA Substrates Test Fabricated Antenna and LNA Substrates
(April)(April) Test complete system active antenna board with Test complete system active antenna board with
Sirius Receiver (April)Sirius Receiver (April)
QUESTIONS
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