Remembering 9/11Mini Study

Created and designed by Debbie Martin                      

Remembering 9/11 Mini StudyThe Whole Word Publishing

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by Debbie Martin 

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September 11, 2001September 11, 2001The World Trade Center (WTC) was

a complex of seven buildings inLower Manhattan in New York City

that were destroyed in theSeptember 11, 2001 terrorist

attacks. (A terrorist is a person whoterrorizes or frightens others.)

The September 11 attacks (often referred to asSeptember 11th or 9/11) were a series of

coordinated suicide attacks: (a suicide attack, alsoknown as: suicide bombing, homicide bombing, or

"kamikaze" is an attack intended to kill others andinflict widespread damage, in which the attacker

expects or intends to die in the process.) by AL-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11,2001. AL-Qaeda is an international terrorist networkled by Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan, Iraq, Sudanand other places. It was established around 1988 byOsama Bin Laden. Al-Qaeda gave money, signed up,

transported and trained thousands of fighters fromdozens of countries. Al-Qaeda's current goal is to

establish Islamic extremist groups to overthrowgovernments that are "non-Islamic" and to drive

Westerners and non-Muslims from Muslim countries.

On the morning ofSeptember 11, 2001, 19 AL-Qaeda terrorists hijackedfour commercial passenger

jet airliners (hijacked meansto seize control forcibly of(an aircraft, bus, ship, etc.),

esp. in order to go to a non-scheduled destination.).The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the

airliners into the Twin Towers of the World TradeCenter in New York City, killing everyone on board

and many others working in the buildings. Bothbuildings collapsed within two hours, destroying

nearby buildings and damaging others.

The hijackers crashed a third airliner into thePentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside

Washington, D.C. The fourth plane crashed into afield near Shanksville in rural Pennsylvania after

some of its passengers and flight crew attempted tore-take control of the plane, which the hijackers hadre-directed toward Washington, D.C. There were no

survivors from any of the flights.Flight 11Flight 11

At 8:46 A.M., American AirlinesFlight 11 was hijacked by

Mohamed Atta and deliberatelycrashed into the northern facade

of the North Tower (Tower 1) of the World TradeCenter. The aircraft, traveling at about 404 knots

(about 466 miles per hour (750 km/h)) and carryingabout 10,000 gallons (38,000L) of jet fuel, hit

between the 93rd and 99th floors of the NorthTower.

American Airlines 11 flight path from

Boston to New York City

American Airlines Flight 11 was a scheduled U.S.domestic passenger flight from Logan International

Airport in Boston, Massachusetts to Los AngelesInternational Airport. It was hijacked by five AL-

Qaedan terrorists and deliberately crashed into theNorth Tower of the World Trade Center in New

York City as part of the September 11, 2001terrorist attacks.

United Airlines Flight 175United Airlines Flight 175The United Airlines Flight175 aircraft was a Boeing767-222/ER built in 1983.It had the ability to carry

168 passengers. It had 168 seats (10 in first class,33 in business class, and 125 in economy class). On

September 11, 2001, the flight carried only 56passengers and 9 crew members.

United Airlines 175 flight path from

Boston to New York City.

United Airlines Flight 175 was a scheduled U.S.domestic passenger flight from Logan International

Airport in Boston, Massachusetts to Los Angelesinternational Airport, in California. On the morningof September 11, 2001, the flight was hijacked byfive AL-Qaeda associated Islamic terrorists, andflown into the South Tower of the World Trade

Center in New York City as part of the September 11attacks.

Diagram showing how plane parts from United Airlines Flight 175 fell during 9/11 attacks.

Map showing the attacks on the World Trade Center.

The World Trade Center Towers on fire

and the collapse of the South Tower

View of the World Trade Center shortly after both towers fell.

The smoldering ruins of the World Trade Center 6 days after the attacks.

American Airlines Flight 77American Airlines Flight 77American Airlines Flight 77

was the third flighthijacked as part of the

September 11 attacks. Itwas deliberately crashedinto the Pentagon at 9:37

A.M. The Pentagon is the headquarters of the UnitedStates Department of Defense, located in ArlingtonCounty, Virginia. The flight from Washington DullesInternational Airport to Los Angeles International

Airport was hijacked by five Islamic extremists lessthan 35 minutes into the flight.

All 64 people on the airliner were killed as were125 people who were in the building. The impactof the plane severely damaged the structure of

the building and caused its partial collapse. At thetime of the attacks, the Pentagon was under

renovation and several offices were unoccupied,resulting in fewer deaths. Only 800 of 4,500people who would have been in the area were

there because of the work. But the area hit, onthe side of the Heliport Entrance facade, was the

section best prepared for such an attack.Because of the renovation there, it was the only

area of the Pentagon with a sprinkler system, andit had been re-constructed with a web of steelcolumns and bars to withstand bomb blasts. Thesteel reinforcement, bolted together to form a

continuous structure through all of thePentagon's five floors, keeping that section ofthe building from collapsing for 30 minutes—

enough time for hundreds of people to crawl outto safety. The area struck by the plane also had

blast-resistant windows—2 inches thick and 2,500pounds each—that stayed intact during the crash

and fire. It had fire doors that openedautomatically and newly built exits that allowed

people to get out.

The Pentagon before September 11, 2001 The Pentagon after September 11, 2001

United Airlines Flight 93United Airlines Flight 93United Airlines Flight 93 was a United States

domestic passenger flight from NewarkInternational Airport in Newark, NJ, to San

Francisco International Airport in San Francisco,California that was hijacked on September 11, 2001.

Approximately 40 minutes into the flight.Of the four aircraft hijacked on September 11 (theothers were American Airlines Flight 11, AmericanAirlines Flight 77 and United Airlines Flight 175),

United Airlines Flight 93 was the only one that failedto reach its intended target.

United Airlines 93 flight path

Approximately 40 minutes into the flight, thehijackers breached the cockpit and overpowered thepilots and took control of the aircraft, diverting ittoward Washington, D.C. Several passengers andcrew members made telephone calls aboard the

flight and learned about the attacks on the WorldTrade Center and the Pentagon. As a result of this

knowledge, the passengers decided to mount anassault against the hijackers in an attempt to re-gaincontrol of the aircraft. The plane crashed in a field

in Stonycreek Township, near Shanksville, inSomerset County, Pennsylvania, about 80 miles (130km) southeast of Pittsburgh and 150 miles (240 km)northwest of Washington, D.C., killing all on board

including the four hijackers.

Flight 93 crash sight

Death TollThere were a total of 2,996 deaths, including the19 hijackers and 2,977 victims. The victims were

distributed as follows: 246 on the four planes (fromwhich there were no survivors), 2,606 in New York

City in the towers and on the ground, and 125 at thePentagon. All the deaths in the attacks were civilians

except for 55 military personnel killed at thePentagon.

MemorialsMemorialsThe Tribute in Light viewed from Jersey City on theanniversary of the attacks in 2004 was one the firstmemorials. The Tribute in Light is an installation of

88 searchlights at the footprints of the WorldTrade Center towers which projected two vertical

columns of light into the sky in remembrance of theSeptember 11 attacks. It originally ran as a

temporary installation from March 11 to April 14,2002, and was launched again in 2003 to mark the

second anniversary of the attack. As of 2009, it hasbeen repeated every year on September 11. It hadbeen announced that 2008 would be its final year,

but the tribute was continued in 2009. On December17, 2009, it was confirmed that the tribute wouldcontinue through to the tenth anniversary of the

attacks in 2011.

In New York, the World Trade Center Site MemorialCompetition was held to design an appropriate

memorial on the site. The winning design, calledReflecting Absence, was selected in August 2006,

and consists of a pair of reflecting pools in the

Tribute in Light

footprints of the towers, surrounded by a list of thevictims' names in an underground memorial space.

The Pentagon Memorial was completed and opened tothe public on the seventh anniversary of the attacks,

September 11, 2008. It consists of a landscapedpark with 184 benches facing the Pentagon. Whenthe Pentagon was repaired in 2001–2002, a private

chapel and indoor memorial were included, located atthe spot where Flight 77 crashed into the building.

Artist's drawing of the memorial. The two square pools will be located where the Twin Towers formerly stood.

Drawing of thePentagon Memorial

At Shanksville, a permanent Flight 93 NationalMemorial is planned to include a sculpted grove oftrees forming a circle around the crash site, whilewind chimes will bear the names of the victims. Atemporary memorial is located 500 yards (457 m)

from the crash site.

New York City firefighters donated a memorial tothe Shanksville Volunteer Fire Department. It is across made of steel from the World Trade Centerand mounted on top of a platform shaped like the

Pentagon. It was installed outside the firehouse on

Temporary Flight 93 Memorial

August 25, 2008.

September 11, 2001Optional Questions

1. Where was the World Trade Center located?_______________________________________

2. What is a terrorist?______________________________________________________________________________

3. What are two other names for the September 11attacks?______________________________________________________________________________

4. What is a suicide attack?______________________________________________________________________________

5. Describe AL-Qaeda._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What does hijacked mean?______________________________________________________________________________

7. What is the Pentagon?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Explain how the renovations at the Pentagon helped people to get out of the building after the plane crashed into it.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Explain why United Airlines Flight 93 never reached its intended destination.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Why do you think it's important to remember the September 11, 2001 attacks?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

My Remember 9/11

Lapbook

Optional Lapbook Booklets

Where wasWhere was the Worldthe World

Trade Center Trade Center located?located?

What is a terrorist?What are two other names

for the September 11

attacks? Directions for the above booklets. Cut out booklets. Fold in half and write

inside and glue into lapbook.

What is a suicide attack?

Describe AL-Qaeda.

What does hijacked mean?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Directions for scroll booklet. Write on lined portion of booklet. Cut out both pieces of the booklet. Stack with cover on top and staple at the top. Glue into lapbook.

Directions for the above booklets. Cut out booklets. Fold in half and write

inside and glue into lapbook.

What is the Pentagon?

Directions for the above booklets. Cut out booklets. Fold in half and write inside.

Explain how the renovations at the Pentagon

helped people to get out of the building after the

plane crashed into it.

Explain why United Airlines Flight 93 neverreached its intended destination.

Directions for above booklet. Cut out booklet and fold in half.Write inside. Fold tab over and glue into lapbook. For the below booklet.

Cut out booklets. Fold in half and write inside and glue into lapbook.

Why do you think it's important to remember the

September 11, 2001 attacks?

“Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America, there will be no forgetting September the 11th. We will remember every rescuer who

died in honor. We will remember every family that lives in grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last phone calls, the funerals of the

children. “­ President George W. Bush, November 11, 2001

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America, there will be no forgetting September the 11th. We will remember every rescuer who died in honor. We will remember every family that lives in grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last

phone calls, the funerals of the children. “- President George W. Bush, November 11, 2001

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“ Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America, there will be no forgetting September the 11th.

We will remember every rescuer who died in honor. We will remember every family that lives in grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last phone

calls, the funerals of the children. “- President George W. Bush, November 11, 2001

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“ Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America, there will be no

forgetting September the 11th. We will remember every rescuer who died in

honor. We will remember every family that lives in grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last phone calls,

the funerals of the children. “- President George W. Bush,

November 11, 2001

“ Time is passing. Yet,

for the United States of

America, there will be no

forgetting

September the 11th. We

will remember

every rescuer who died in

honor. We will remember

every family that lives in

grief. We will remember the fire and ash,

the last phone calls, the

funerals of

the children. “- President

George W. Bush, November 11,

2001

“ Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America,

there will be no forgetting

September the 11th. We will remember every rescuer who

died in honor. We will remember every family that lives in

grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last phone calls, the funerals of the

children. “

- President George W. Bush,

November 11, 2001

“ Time is passing. Yet, for the United States of America, there will

be no forgetting September the 11th. We will remember

every rescuer who died

in honor. We will remember every family that lives in grief. We will remember the fire and ash, the last phone calls, the funerals of the

children. “- President George

W. Bush, November 11, 2001

Remember

September

Never Forget

Remember September11, 2001