Post on 23-Dec-2015
QoS - 2013, Odessa, 22-23 June 2013 1
Recent Progress in Television
Christoph DoschDavid Wood
ITU-R Study Group 6
What to expect?
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What is the progress?• Increasing the viewer’s sense of involvement
and quality of experience.• Increasing the range and type of services that
the viewer is able to access on the same terminal (’convergence’).
• Increasing the efficiency by which the services are delivered.
• Made possible by technology improvements in displays and IC density.
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Where are the main areas of progress in practice?
• HDTV, UHDTV (Ultra-HD, Super Hi-Vision). • Stereoscopic 3DTV (with glasses)
– Frame Compatible (FC) S-3DTV– Service Compatible (SC) S-3DTV
• Auto-stereoscopic AS-3DTV (no glasses)• Broadband/Broadcast convergence• Smart TV, Second Screen, or CombinationWe concentrate for this presentation on the first two above but provide a bit
of info on the latter two
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But what makes media technology successful is changing!
• The Old Success Factors• Content available• Furniture value• Image/Sound Quality• Usability• Continuous Externalities• Price
• The New Elements• Playback failure• Social context• Contiguous Externalities• Prior experiences/Expectations• Personal skills available• Price
The Interactive Generation0 -to-34 years’ old
The Inactive Generation34 plus years’ old
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‘Quality of Experience’ factors to consider
• Static resolution and sharpness• Dynamic resolution (strobing, judder, detail in moving
objects)• Flicker• Colour fidelity (primaries, colour encoding)• Dynamic range (bit/sample, transfer characteristic)• Depth perception (depth cues)• Audio object localization and fidelity• Need: improving them with a significant step in a balanced,
affordable, and comfortable way• Backward compatibility can also be important
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‘System Efficiency’ factors to consider
• Video Compression• Audio Compression• Transport Layer• Modulation systems • Need: improving them in a significant step in
a balanced and affordable way, in line with quality factors
• Backward compatibility can also be important
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Who does what in UHDTV?
UHDTVUHDTV
ITU-R
SMPTE
EBU
DVB
FTV - BeyondHD
24TB – SG on UHDTV Ecosystem
ITU-R SG6 WP6c
CM - UHDTV
CM/TM - AVC
Rec. ITU BT.2020: Parameters for UHDTV
SMPTE 2036 – 1 : Image parameters for UHDTV
32NF – Multilink 3G SDI
UHD-1 Test material
UHD-1 vs HDTV
Frame rate issues?
MPEG (ISO/IEEC)
HEVC*
3D Audio
CEA / DE
Main profile
Main 10 profile
Report ITU BT 2246-1: State of UHDTV systems
*jointly withITU-T (H.265)
SMPTE 2036 – 2 : Audio characteristics and audio mapping SMPTE 2036 – 3 : Mapping of UHDTV in 10Gbps interface
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ITU• Created the current reference
document for UHDTV image parameters Rec. ITU-R BT 2020 - Aug’12.
• ITU-R BT 2246-1 – Aug’12. provides a report on the study of the different UHDTV parameters listed in BT 2020
- Available for download on the ITU website of Study Group 6
http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/index.asp?category
=study-groups&rlink=rsg6&lang=en (Click on Publications)
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Rec. ITU-R BT.2020
• Two UHDTV levels – 8 Mpixels and 32 Mpixels images• Assembled multiples of HDTV 1080p/1920 – 4 and 16
times • Parameter values were chosen to be ‘future-proof’ to
last 30 years • New wider ‘colour primaries’• Option of ‘constant luminance YUV coding’• Bit depth 10 and 12 bits/sample• Frame rates up to 120Hz (for better motion portrayal)
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Parameters in THE UHDTV signal format
Parameter Value
Aspect Ratio 16x9
Pixel Raster 3840x2160 (4k), 7680x4320 (8k)
Pixel aspect ratio 1:1 (square pixels)
Scan Progressive
Frame Rate 120, 60, 60/1.001, 50, 30, 30/1.001, 25, 24, 24/1.001
Precision 10 bits 12 bits
Code for Reference Black 64 256
Code for Reference White 940 3760
Value for Reference Black (cd/m2) unspecified
Value for Reference White (cd/m2) unspecified
Non-linear coding Linear+Gamma 2.2 (same as Rec.709)
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What happens to quality with increasing spatial resolution?
Quality proportional to square root of resolution
Quality proportional to square root of resolution
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UHD-232Mpixels16x1080pDisplays 2020?
? ?
UHD-18Mpixels4x1080pDisplays 2014?
? ? ?
‘Movie’ Frame rates.24,25,30 Hz
‘TV’ Frame rates.50, 60, 60/1.001
Higher Frame rates.100,120 Hz
Similar to DCI movie format – content readily
available
Higher frame rate improves viewing
experience
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The Future is Faster : 50 and 60fps are too low frame rates
• Static Resolution in UHDTV is much better than SD• Dynamic Resolution no better than SD
unless frame-rate is increasedSD
50 Hz
HD50 Hz
UHDTV60 Hz
UHDTV120 Hz
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Do we need new DVB delivery systems for UHDTV?
• DVB-S2 has the capacity for UHD-1, and it will be followed by new satellite systems with higher capacity (backwards compatible/non backwards compatible)
• DVB-T2 is adequate for UHD-1, but system with MIMO may be valuable for UHD-2
• UHDTV probably needs an adaptive streaming system for broadband Internet
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Korea – Terrestrial UHD-1 is on trial with DVB-T2 today.
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Audio for UHDTV• No ITU agreement on new system yet • Large screens make height localization more valuable • Screen surround may include speakers, or speakers may be around
the room?• Three basic approaches – channel based, scene based, and object
based • Channel based – e.g ‘22.2’ ch. and ‘10.2’ ch. • Scene based – e.g. ‘ambisonics’• Object based – e.g. ATMOS • All could also be used with ‘binaural headphones’!• Proposals to ITU has been made for universal speaker location
system
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Two broadcast profiles under discussion in DVB project, drawing on BT.2020
• For use in 2014/2015, the UHD-1C profile. (C=conventional frame rate)
• Up to 60Hz.• 5.1 audio.• 10 bits/sample• but include 1080p/up to 120Hz in decoder
• For use in 2017/2018, the UHD-1H profile (H=high frame rate)• up to 120Hz• High Dynamic Range metadata• scalable video so UHD-1C and UHD-1H are forward and backward
compatible. • advanced audio system
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3DTV - ITU Profiles and Levels
• First Generation 3DTV (two views)– Level 0 3DTV Anaglyph– Level 1 3DTV Frame Compatible
(half of vertical/horizontal resolution)– Level 2 3DTV Frame Compatible with top up– Level 3 3DTV Service Compatible (L + difference signal)
• Second Generation 3DTV (multiple lateral views)• Third Generation 3DTV (Object Wave Recording)
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The 3DTV situation Today• S-3DTV displays widely available – using either
polarization plane or shutter glass viewing. • Most used broadcast system today is the DVB ‘Frame
Compatible’ (FC) system • Blu Ray system is a ‘Service Compatible’ (SC) system
with an MVC (multiple video coding) ‘top up’ signal• Some use (Korea) of a ‘Dual Stream’ (DS) system with
independent L and R HDTV images (mixed MP2/MP4) • Future (next ten years) probably lies with an AS-3DTV
system, using Ultra-HD displays that display multiple images, with screen coating that directs the viewers’ eyes to one pairs of images
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3DTV or UHDTV – WHICH IS BEST? UHDTV suit different things.
• 3DTV suits certain types of programme content. Benefits come where you can get cameras physically close to the action, and where there is limited action.
• UHDTV suits certain types of content. Benefits come when there is a ‘large canvas’ event with lots of detail and motion.
• Both 3DTV and UHDTV have strengths!
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One of the big UHDTV jobs to be done -Metadata
• To allow for different display colour primaries (2020 is close to OLED primaries, but others in practical use as well)
• To allow for different colour encoding (CL and non CL)
• To signal frame rates• To signal audio system• Would you like to help?
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IBB – Integrated Broadcast-Broadband systems
• ITU-Term for convergence at the service level (Report to be published in BT series)
• Examples are HbbTV (Europe), YouView (UK) or HybridCast (Japan)
• Receivers/terminals are equipped with both a broadcast and an Internet interface – broadcast and Internet-based services cooperate (or not)
• Such TV receivers or set-top boxes are often called Connected TV or Smart TV
• Most flat screens sold today are Smart TVs
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Example: HbbTV (Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV) – An Open ETSI Standard
• Current version: ETSI TS 102 796 v1.2.1 (November 2012)First ETSI standard (version 1.0) in June 2010
• Work ongoing towards version 2.0 (with support of the EU project HBB-NEXT)
• All references under www.hbbtv.org
• The HbbTV specification does not depend on a particular broadcast link nor on a particular IP link. It may be applicable with either or connection, but gains most momentum in a connected environment to broadcast and broadband
http://www.hbb-next.eu/
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The RED BUTTON function
When selecting a TV programme, the „RED BUTTON“ signals possible access to HbbTV services
Examples of using HbbTV
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Launcher application (first national German programme)
After pushing the RED BUTTON on the remote control the START PAGE appears
Examples of using HbbTV
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Via the tablet the TV application can be made invisible (Demonstration at IFA 2012 jointly provided by IRT and rbb)
Examples of using HbbTV
Second Screen for easy operation and additional services (e.g. for barrier-free TV)
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Use of HbbTV in combination with a 2nd Screen
Principle of the Second Screen framework
Any display device that allows
connection to Internet can be
used
Diagramme: HBB-NEXT
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Conclusions1. Progress is due to improvements in IC density and
display technology 2. These allow systems with greater efficiency3. Progress comes in the quality of experience,
efficiency and range of services on the same terminal (plus “convergence”)
4. Most important for the next 5 years may be UHD-1 and possibly auto-stereoscopic 3DTV on UHD-1 displays
5. But what makes a system successful is changing!
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Thank you for listening!
Christoph Dosch David Wooddosch@irt.de wood@ebu.chChair ITU-R SG 6 Chair ITU-R WP 6C
www.irt.de www.ebu.ch