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Please put on the bottom of your Page 1 Notes
Business• Hand-backs• Snowman Series• Propaganda Techniques• Greek Cultural Contributions
Greek Cultural
Contributions
Greek Architecture and Sculpture
Greek Cultural Contributions - Notes (page 1)
• Greek Columns
(1) every column has 3 parts
(a) _____ (top)
(b) ____ (middle)
(c) ___ (bottom)
• Greek Columns
(1) every column has 3 parts
(a) capital (top)
(b) ____ (middle)
(c) ___ (bottom)
• Greek Columns
(1) every column has 3 parts
(a) capital (top)
(b) shaft (middle)
(c) ___ (bottom)
• Greek Columns
(1) every column has 3 parts
(a) capital (top)
(b) shaft (middle)
(c) base (bottom)
(2) The Greeks invented 3 different types of columns
(a) ____ columns (most simple)
(2) The Greeks invented 3 different types of columns
(a) Doric columns (most simple)
(b) ____ columns (fancier)
* capital looks like ram’s horns
* shaft is thinner with more _____ (ruffles)
(b) Ionic columns (fancier)
* capital looks like ram’s horns
* shaft is thinner with more _____ (ruffles)
(b) Ionic columns (fancier)
* capital looks like ram’s horns
* shaft is thinner with more fluting (ruffles)
Ionic Columns
(c) _______ columns (fanciest)
* capital is ornate, with leaves
* shaft has maximum _____ (ruffles)
(c) Corinthian columns (fanciest)
* capital is ornate, with leaves
* shaft has maximum _____ (ruffles)
(c) Corinthian columns (fanciest)
* capital is ornate, with leaves
* shaft has maximum fluting (ruffles)
Corinthian Columns
Corinthian columns at the Louvre
Children of Alexander the Great (356-323 BCE)
(1) Herakles (326-309 BCE) – son of Alexander’s mistress Barsine
(2) Alexander IV (323-309 BCE) – son of Alexander’s first
wife Roxane
• Architecture on the Acropolis
(1) _______ – entrance to the Acropolis
• Architecture on the Acropolis
(1) Propylaea – entrance to the Acropolis
(a) grand ______
(b) ____ columns at the entrance – ____ columns inside
(c) never completely finished – war started
(a) grand stairway
(b) ____ columns at the entrance – ____ columns inside
(c) never completely finished – war started
(a) grand stairway
(b) Doric columns at the entrance – ____ columns inside
(c) never completely finished – war started
(a) grand stairway
(b) Doric columns at the entrance – Ionic columns inside
(c) never completely finished – war started
(2) _______ – temple to Athena
(2) Parthenon – temple to Athena
Parthenon
Photograph taken by Mr. McGovern
(a) designed by _____
(b) _________ of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly ______
(d) ____ columns
(e) made of _____
(a) designed by Ictinus
(b) _________ of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly ______
(d) ____ columns
(e) made of _____
(a) designed by Ictinus
(b) masterpiece of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly ______
(d) ____ columns
(e) made of _____
(a) designed by Ictinus
(b) masterpiece of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly straight
(d) ____ columns
(e) made of _____
(a) designed by Ictinus
(b) masterpiece of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly straight
(d) Doric columns
(e) made of _____
(a) designed by Ictinus
(b) masterpiece of Greek architecture
(c) appears perfectly straight
(d) Doric columns
(e) made of marble
(f) notable parts of the Parthenon
* cella - inside room (only priests allowed)
- was the location of Phidias’ statue of Athena
Athena Parthenos
(f) notable parts of the Parthenon
* cella - inside room (only priests allowed)
- was the location of Phidias’ statue of Athena
Athena Parthenos
* _____ – horizontal band of decoration around the top of a temple
* frieze – horizontal band of decoration around the top of a temple
frieze
* _______ – triangular area above the external frieze
* pediment – triangular area above the external frieze
(3) Erechtheion – where the contest between Athena and Poseidon
took place
(a) temple to Athena and ________
(b) known for its _____________
(3) Erechtheion – where the contest between Athena and Poseidon
took place
(a) temple to Athena and Erechtheus
(b) known for its _____________
(3) Erechtheion – where the contest between Athena and Poseidon
took place
(a) temple to Athena and Erechtheus
(b) known for its Porch of Maidens
Porch of Maidens
(4) __________________
(a) means “______________”
(b) porch of columns at both ends - ____ columns
(4) Temple of Athena Nike
(a) means “______________”
(b) porch of columns at both ends - ____ columns
(4) Temple of Athena Nike
(a) means “Victorious Athena”
(b) porch of columns at both ends - ____ columns
(4) Temple of Athena Nike
(a) means “Victorious Athena”
(b) porch of columns at both ends - Ionic columns
Rank ’em
Propylaea
Parthenon
Erechtheion
Temple of Athena Nike
Philadelphia Museum of Art
Franklin Institute
White House (North Façade)
United States Supreme Court
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Building
• Elgin Marbles
(1) Parthenon used as an ammunition warehouse during the late 1600s - bombed and virtually destroyed
(2) early 1800s – _______ (ambassador from _____)
gained access to the Acropolis(a) removed a large amount of
_______ and __________ ____ from the Acropolis
(b) today they are on display in the ___________ in London
• Elgin Marbles
(1) Parthenon used as an ammunition warehouse during the late 1600s - bombed and virtually destroyed
(2) early 1800s – Lord Elgin (ambassador from _____)
gained access to the Acropolis(a) removed a large amount of
_______ and __________ ____ from the Acropolis
(b) today they are on display in the ___________ in London
• Elgin Marbles
(1) Parthenon used as an ammunition warehouse during the late 1600s - bombed and virtually destroyed
(2) early 1800s – Lord Elgin (ambassador from London)
gained access to the Acropolis(a) removed a large amount of
_______ and __________ ____ from the Acropolis
(b) today they are on display in the ___________ in London
• Elgin Marbles
(1) Parthenon used as an ammunition warehouse during the late 1600s - bombed and virtually destroyed
(2) early 1800s – Lord Elgin (ambassador from London)
gained access to the Acropolis(a) removed a large amount of
sculptures and architectural pieces from the Acropolis
(b) today they are on display in the ___________ in London
• Elgin Marbles
(1) Parthenon used as an ammunition warehouse during the late 1600s - bombed and virtually destroyed
(2) early 1800s – Lord Elgin (ambassador from London)
gained access to the Acropolis(a) removed a large amount of
sculptures and architectural pieces from the Acropolis
(b) today they are on display in the British Museum in London
• Greek Sculpture (1) Six things to remember
about Greek sculpture (a) emphasis on _________
• Greek Sculpture (1) Six things to remember
about Greek sculpture (a) emphasis on body curves
(b) lots of _____ (ideal, perfect body)
(b) lots of muscles (ideal, perfect body)
(c) no ____ in the eyes
(c) no pupils in the eyes
(d) ___ or draped in thin, flowing clothes
(d) nude or draped in thin, flowing clothes
(e) ____ hair
(e) curly hair
(f) made of _____ or _____
(f) made of marble or bronze
The Olympic
Games
Greek Cultural Contributions - Notes (page 2)
The Olympic Games
• First Olympic Games held in ______ at ____________
The Olympic Games
• First Olympic Games held in 776 BCE at ____________
The Olympic Games
• First Olympic Games held in 776 BCE at Olympia, Greece
• Held every ______ (a _____ period is called _________)
• Started as a ____ summer festival to honor the god ____
• Held every 4 years (a _____ period is called _________)
• Started as a ____ summer festival to honor the god ____
• Held every 4 years (a 4-year period is called _________)
• Started as a ____ summer festival to honor the god ____
• Held every 4 years (a 4-year period is called an Olympiad)
• Started as a ____ summer festival to honor the god ____
• Held every 4 years (a 4-year period is called an Olympiad)
• Started as a 5-day summer festival to honor the god ____
• Held every 4 years (a 4-year period is called an Olympiad)
• Started as a 5-day summer festival to honor the god Zeus
• All _______________ stopped during the Olympics
• All wars, battles, etc. stopped during the Olympics
• All wars, battles, etc. stopped during the Olympics
short for etcetera
• Only ___ competed
(1) _____ were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for _____ - _____
• Only men competed
(1) _____ were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for _____ - _____
• Only men competed
(1) women were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for _____ - _____
• Only men competed
(1) women were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for women - _____
• Only men competed
(1) women were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for women - Heraea
• Only men competed
(1) women were not even allowed to watch!
(2) there was a separate Olympics for women - Heraea
After whom were they named?
• Each athlete swore to Zeus to honor the rules of the game
(1) punishment – ______________
(2) made ______ of cheaters so they could be ______
• Each athlete swore to Zeus to honor the rules of the game
(1) punishment – athlete was fined
(2) made ______ of cheaters so they could be ______
• Each athlete swore to Zeus to honor the rules of the game
(1) punishment – athlete was fined
(2) made statues of cheaters so they could be ______
• Each athlete swore to Zeus to honor the rules of the game
(1) punishment – athlete was fined
(2) made statues of cheaters so they could be mocked
• Events
(1) Day 1
(a) _______ to ____ (bulls)
• Events
(1) Day 1
(a) _______ to Zeus (bulls)
• Events
(1) Day 1
(a) sacrifices to Zeus (bulls)
(2) Day 2
(a) __________ at the ________ (oval track) (b)
________ (_ events)
(2) Day 2
(a) chariot races at the ________ (oval track)
(b) ________ (_ events)
(2) Day 2
(a) chariot races at the hippodrome (oval track) (b) ________ (_ events)
(2) Day 2
(a) chariot races at the hippodrome (oval track) (b) ________ (5 events)
(2) Day 2
(a) chariot races at the hippodrome (oval track) (b) pentathlon (5 events)
(3) Day 3
(a) more _______
(3) Day 3
(a) more sacrifices
(4) Day 4
(a) ________ (ran barefoot) (b) _______ (c) _____
(d) ________ (free-for-all fight)
(4) Day 4
(a) foot races (ran barefoot) (b) wrestling (c) boxing (d) pankration (free-for-all
fight)
(5) Day 5
(a) champions receive __________ and have _________
(5) Day 5
(a) champions receive olive wreaths and have _________
(5) Day 5
(a) champions receive olive wreaths and have big banquet
• Ancient Olympics stopped being held in _____
(1) Roman Emperor felt _________ _________
• Ancient Olympics stopped being held in 394 CE
(1) Roman Emperor felt _________ _________
• Ancient Olympics stopped being held in 394 CE
(1) Roman Emperor felt they were a pagan event
• ______ – Olympic Games were restarted
(1) ____ – women allowed to compete
(2) ____ – Winter Olympics were added
(3) ____ – last year that the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same year
• 1896 CE – Olympic Games were restarted
(1) ____ – women allowed to compete
(2) ____ – Winter Olympics were added
(3) ____ – last year that the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same year
• 1896 CE – Olympic Games were restarted
(1) 1900 – women allowed to compete
(2) ____ – Winter Olympics were added
(3) ____ – last year that the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same year
• 1896 CE – Olympic Games were restarted
(1) 1900 – women allowed to compete
(2) 1924 – Winter Olympics were added
(3) ____ – last year that the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same year
• 1896 CE – Olympic Games were restarted
(1) 1900 – women allowed to compete
(2) 1924 – Winter Olympics were added
(3) 1992 – last year that the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same year
When and where are the next Olympics?
When and where are the next Olympics?
When and where are the next Olympics?
• Every _ years, the Olympic flame is lit at _____________ and carried to the present site of the Olympics.
• Every 2 years, the Olympic flame is lit at _____________ and carried to the present site of the Olympics.
• Every 2 years, the Olympic flame is lit at Olympia, Greece and carried to the present site of the Olympics.
Greek Cultural Contributions - Notes (page 3)
Greek Theater
General Information
• _____ is the art dealing with the writing and production of plays - created by ________
Greek Theater
General Information
• Drama is the art dealing with the writing and production of plays - created by ________
Greek Theater
General Information
• Drama is the art dealing with the writing and production of plays - created by the Greeks
• ______ is the presentation of _____ – also created by ________
• ______ is the presentation of drama – also created by ________
• Theater is the presentation of drama – also created by ________
• Theater is the presentation of drama – also created by the Greeks
• Greek theater grew out of _______ given to honor _______ (god of wine,
theater, and revelry)
• Greek theater grew out of festivals given to honor _______ (god of
wine, theater, and revelry)
• Greek theater grew out of festivals given to honor Dionysus (god of
wine, theater, and revelry)
The Birth of Theater
Step #1 – It began as people _____ _____ about Dionysus at festivals
Step #2 – A chorus began _______ __________________ to music
The Birth of Theater
Step #1 – It began as people telling stories about Dionysus at festivals
Step #2 – A chorus began _______ __________________ to music
The Birth of Theater
Step #1 – It began as people telling stories about Dionysus at festivals
Step #2 – A chorus began chanting and dancing the stories to music
Step #3 – At certain points, the chorus fell silent - The chorus leader would give a ______
Step #4 – Gradually, the _____ ↓ and the _______ ↑
Step #3 – At certain points, the chorus fell silent - The chorus leader would give a soliloquy
Step #4 – Gradually, the _____ ↓ and the _______ ↑
Step #3 – At certain points, the chorus fell silent - The chorus leader would give a soliloquy
Step #4 – Gradually, the chorus ↓ and the _______ ↑
Step #3 – At certain points, the chorus fell silent - The chorus leader would give a soliloquy
Step #4 – Gradually, the chorus ↓ and the soliloquies ↑
Step #5 – Stories were no longer just told about Dionysus – They began to be told about other ____ and _____
Step #6 – Eventually, a 2nd _______ was _____, then a 3rd character – _____ was possible
Step #5 – Stories were no longer just told about Dionysus – They began to be told about other gods and heroes
Step #6 – Eventually, a 2nd _______ was _____, then a 3rd character – _____ was possible
Step #5 – Stories were no longer just told about Dionysus – They began to be told about other gods and heroes
Step #6 – Eventually, a 2nd character was added, then a 3rd character – _____ was possible
Step #5 – Stories were no longer just told about Dionysus – They began to be told about other gods and heroes
Step #6 – Eventually, a 2nd character was added, then a 3rd character – acting was possible
Step #7 - _______ was born!
Step #7 - The play was born!
Tragedies
• The first Greek plays were _______ (1) stories about _______
(2) usually had an ______ ending
Tragedies
• The first Greek plays were tragedies (1) stories about _______ (2) usually had an ______ ending
Tragedies
• The first Greek plays were tragedies (1) stories about suffering (2) usually had an ______ ending
Tragedies
• The first Greek plays were tragedies (1) stories about suffering (2) usually had an unhappy ending
• During the Golden Age, there was a festival to honor Dionysus called _________
(1) the highlight was a _____ _________ between _ ______________ at ___________________
• During the Golden Age, there was a festival to honor Dionysus called the Dionysia
(1) the highlight was a _____ _________ between _ ______________ at ___________________
• During the Golden Age, there was a festival to honor Dionysus called the Dionysia
(1) the highlight was a drama competition between _ ______________ at ___________________
• During the Golden Age, there was a festival to honor Dionysus called the Dionysia
(1) the highlight was a drama competition between 3 tragic playwrights at ___________________
• During the Golden Age, there was a festival to honor Dionysus called the Dionysia
(1) the highlight was a drama competition between 3 tragic playwrights at theTheatre of Dionysus
• Three of the greatest writers of Greek tragedies
(1) _______ – power and its effect on people
• Three of the greatest writers of Greek tragedies
(1) Aeschylus – power and its effect on people
(2) _______ – how suffering can make you a better person
(2) Sophocles – how suffering can make you a better person
(3) _______ – people suffer because they do bad things
(3) Euripides – people suffer because they do bad things
Comedies
• _______ developed after tragedies (1) had ____ endings – hero _______
(2) often __________ people
Comedies
• Comedies developed after tragedies (1) had ____ endings – hero _______ (2) often __________ people
Comedies
• Comedies developed after tragedies (1) had happy endings – hero triumphs (2) often __________ people
Comedies
• Comedies developed after tragedies (1) had happy endings – hero triumphs (2) often poked fun at people
(3) Greatest writer of comedies - __________
(3) Greatest writer of comedies - Aristophanes
More General Information
• All performers in Greek plays were ____
(1) female parts played by _____ _______
More General Information
• All performers in Greek plays were males
(1) female parts played by _____ _______
More General Information
• All performers in Greek plays were males
(1) female parts played by men in costumes
• _______ and ____ were worn by actors (1) showed 3 things about the
character (a) _____
(b) ___(c) ____
• Costumes and ____ were worn by actors (1) showed 3 things about the character
(a) _____(b) ___(c) ____
• Costumes and masks were worn by actors (1) showed 3 things about the character
(a) _____(b) ___(c) ____
• Costumes and masks were worn by actors (1) showed 3 things about the character
(a) _____(b) ___(c) ____
Why did they wear masks?
• Costumes and masks were worn by actors (1) showed 3 things about the character
(a) gender(b) age(c) mood
• ___________ – outdoor theaters where plays were viewed
(1) ___ and _____ allowed to watch
(2) poor people could _________
• Amphitheaters – outdoor theaters where plays were viewed
(1) ___ and _____ allowed to watch
(2) poor people could _________
• Amphitheaters – outdoor theaters where plays were viewed
(1) men and women allowed to watch
(2) poor people could _________
• Amphitheaters – outdoor theaters where plays were viewed
(1) men and women allowed to watch
(2) poor people could go for free
Greek amphitheaters
Greek Cultural Contributions - Notes (page 4)
Greek Philosophy
• Greeks placed great importance on __ ______ and/or ________________
Greek Philosophy
• Greeks placed great importance on the intellect and/or the ability to reason
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called ________ (________)
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called philosophia (________)
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called philosophia (philosophy)
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called philosophia (philosophy)
philos = sophia =
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called philosophia (philosophy)
philos = love sophia =
• Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom was called philosophia (philosophy)
philos = love sophia = wisdom
• The greatest Greek philosophers were _______, ____, and ______
• The greatest Greek philosophers were Socrates, ____, and ______
• The greatest Greek philosophers were Socrates, Plato, and ______
• The greatest Greek philosophers were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
(1) _______* believed that the purpose of
his life was _____________
(1) Socrates* believed that the
purpose of his life was _____________
(1) Socrates* believed that the
purpose of his life was to seek the truth
(1) Socrates* believed that the
purpose of his life was to seek the truth
(a) “__________________________ ____”
(a) “The unexamined life is not worth living.”
* ____________ to find the truth – this was known as ________________ – he taught people how to think by using _______________
* asked questions to find the truth – this was known as ________________ – he taught people how to think by using _______________
* asked questions to find the truth – this was known as the Socratic method – he taught people how to think by using _______________
* asked questions to find the truth – this was known as the Socratic method – he taught people how to think by using the Socratic method
* some fellow citizens found him ______ – he made ______ – he was _________ and _________
* some fellow citizens found him annoying – he made ______ – he was _________ and _________
* some fellow citizens found him annoying – he made enemies – he was _________ and _________
* some fellow citizens found him annoying – he made enemies – he was put on trial and _________
* some fellow citizens found him annoying – he made enemies – he was put on trial and found guilty
(a) had the chance to change his beliefs to save his own life, but he chose _______________
(b) drank __________ (a poison) rather than change his ideas
(a) had the chance to change his beliefs to save his own life, but he chose to die for his ideas
(b) drank __________ (a poison) rather than change his ideas
(a) had the chance to change his beliefs to save his own life, but he chose to die for his ideas
(b) drank hemlock juice (a poison) rather than change his ideas
The Death of Socrates
(2) ____* was a student of _______* recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)* also believed that the
purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of _______* recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)* also believed that the
purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of _______* recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)* also believed that the
purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of _______* recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)* also believed that the
purpose of life was _____________
X
(2) Plato* was a student of _______* recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)* also believed that the
purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of
Socrates * recorded all of _______ _____ (_______ never wrote anything down)
* also believed that the purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of
Socrates * recorded all of Socrates’ lessons (_______ never wrote anythingdown) * also believed that the purpose of life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of
Socrates * recorded all of Socrates’ lessons (Socrates never wrote anything down) * also believed that the purpose of
life was _____________
(2) Plato* was a student of
Socrates * recorded all of Socrates’ lessons (Socrates never wrote anything down) * also believed that the purpose of
life was to seek the truth
* founded __________ in Athens – first ______________________ in the western world
* founded the Academy in Athens – first ______________________ in the western world
* founded the Academy in Athens – first institution of higher learning in the western world
* believed that a perfect state (___ ________) was possible(a) wrote about the perfect
state in a book called __________ – first ever book written about ____________
* believed that a perfect state (ideal government) was possible
(a) wrote about the perfect state in a book called __________ – first ever book written about
____________
* believed that a perfect state (ideal government) was possible
(a) wrote about the perfect state in a book called The Republic – first ever book written about
____________
* believed that a perfect state (ideal government) was possible
(a) wrote about the perfect state in a book called The Republic – first ever book written about political science
(3) _______* was _____ brightest student –
studied under Plato for _______
(3) Aristotle* was _____ brightest student
– studied under Plato for _______
(3) Aristotle* was Plato’s brightest
student – studied under Plato for _______
(3) Aristotle* was Plato’s brightest
student – studied under Plato for 20 years
And you thought it was tough to be in Mr. Mellor’s class for one year!
* improved the scientific method by adding the 3rd step -
experimentation
* first to classify ______________ – his system is ____________
* first to classify plants and animals – his system is ____________
* first to classify plants and animals – his system is still used today
38. Across – Popular black magazine
39. Across – First name of 1-across
40. Across – Black History month
41. Across – Baseball’s all-time home run champion before Barry Bonds
Hand in Black History
Month Crossword Puzzle
* developed the science of reasoning called logic
(a) created the syllogism
* developed the science of reasoning called logic
(a) created the syllogism
Please look at the syllogisms in your notes, and see if you can complete them.
* developed the science of reasoning called logic
(a) created the syllogism
Would you like to see an example of a faulty syllogism?
* developed the science of reasoning called logic
(a) created the syllogism
* promoted “____________” = moderation in everything
* promoted “the golden mean” = moderation in everything
Why were they important?
They laid the foundations for _____________________!
Why were they important?
They laid the foundations for western philosophy!
______________________
_______________________
______________
_____________
________________________ _____________
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
_______________________
______________
_____________
________________________ _____________
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
What is the best way to live?
______________
_____________
________________________ _____________
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
What is the best way to live?
What is beautiful?
_____________
________________________ _____________
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
What is the best way to live?
What is beautiful?
What is justice?
________________________ _____________
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
What is the best way to live?
What is beautiful?
What is justice?
What is the best way for us to govern ourselves?
________________________
How can I get at the Truth?
What is the best way to live?
What is beautiful?
What is justice?
What is the best way for us to govern ourselves?
How do I really know anything?