PROPERTY SOLIDS LIQUIDS GASES

VOLUME

SHAPE

Fill in the table above with definite or not definite

olive oil molasses lotion rubbing alcohol

Which liquid has the highest viscosity?

Which liquid has the lowest viscosity?

Warm-up

Section 15-2:Behavior of Gases

Boyle’s, Charles’s and the 3rd Law

How full do you inflate a balloon for the Macy’s

Thanksgiving Day Parade?

The physical behavior of gascan be described by

pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T)

P, V, & T are interdependent(changing one, affects the others)

•VOLUME *amount of space matter

fills*measured in cm3, mL, L*volume of a gas, is the volume of its container

•TEMPERATURE

*measure of the average motion of the particles of a substance (remember - all particles move)

*speedometer for particles*example: 20°C (room temp) is about 500 m/sec

•TEMPERATURE

*measured in Celsius, Kelvin, or Farenheit

Low temperature: Cold particles, low energy, huddle to stay warm

High Temperature: Hot particles, high energy, spread out

•PRESSURE = FORCE AREA

( in units of kPa)

*force of the outward push of the particles on their

container

Questions: Why does an inflated ball leak when punctured?Why is a deflated balloon never completely flat?

Gas flows from areas of:

High Low Pressure Pressure

Robert Boyle (1627-1691) British scientist

BOYLE’S LAW

Boyle’s Law(squeeze a zit)

At a constant temperature, as the pressure increases the volume

decreases, as the pressure decreases the volume increases

T as P Vor

T as P V

Boyle’s Law: Varies Inversely

Boyle’s Law

What happens to helium balloons that are released and float to the heavens?

Jacques Alexandre César Charles (1746–1823), French scientist

Charles’s Law

Charles’s Law(Charlie leaves his flexible, basketball outside)

At a constant pressure, as the temperature increases (particles move faster, collide more) the volume increases, as the temperature decreases

the volume decreases

P as T Vor

P as T V

Charles’s Law: Directly Proportional

Charles’s Law

If Charlie leaves his basketball outside,

why is it deflated in the morning and fine by

noon?

3rd LAWRigid propane tank outside

V as T Por

V as T P

At a constant volume, as the temperature increases (particles move

faster, collide more) the pressure increases, as the temperature

decreases the pressure decreases

3rd Law18-wheeler truck with rigid tires

How full should a truck driver fill his

tires in the morning, if he will be driving

to Las Vegas, across the desert?

• T P VBoyles Law (inverse)

• P T VCharles’s Law (direct)

• V T P3rd Law (direct)

Zit

Flexible Basketball

Rigid Propane

Summary of Gas Laws