Post on 04-Jan-2016
Project management and planning
Lars Peter Jensen
What are your previous experiences of working on a project?
About projects and management of people and time
Contents:
• Defining a project
• The project settings and goal
• Code of conduct/team charter
• Management of time and other resources
Project
What ?
• A unique task
• Have a lot of complex activities
• Needs several people with different skills
• Have a final goal/objective
• Limited resources (time, money, people)
• Have to deliver a result at a given time:– As a minimum a written report
Student’s own goalsOfficial goals for education
Fullfilment of official goals for education
Fullfilment of student’sown goals
Init problem Project Project report
Project unit
PS courses Consultancy
Learning goals in project work
Planning
Carry through
Evaluation/assessment
Project design
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Requires
Starting a project
Project Management
•Planning•Goals•objectives
•Organizing •People•resources
•Controlling •monitor•maintaining
•Change
Project Management
• Management of people
• Management of time and other resources
Team charter or code of conduct
Why ?• Create common expectations • Secure clear agreements
What?• Contract with supervisor• Group contracts:
– Task strategies– Process strategies
Code of conduct – A tool for managing people
• Expectations and ambitions ?• Meetings – How often ? – What if
somebody is late ?• Organizing meetings , chairman,
referee, use of blackboard ? • Division of labor ?• What kind of response do you give
within the group ?• To what extent will we socialize
together, and when ?
Contract with supervisor • DRAFT Contract between project group XX
and supervisor NN• What I am willing to do (if you want me to)
– Help… Meet… Discuss…. Read…. • What I prefer not to do
– Meet…. Read….• What I expect of you
– write a memo, send the memo, chair meetings etc.
Code of conduct – questions to askTask strategies• What is the purpose, process, and timing of meetings?• What does ’on time’ mean?• What is the priority of time?• What are the importance and priority of deadlines?• Is it more important to achieve time deadlines, or to delay for higher
quality?• What do we do about missing commitments?• To what extent do roles and responsibilities need to be formalized and
written?• Who needs to attend, when?• What is the role of the leader? Of team members?• How will the task be divided up and the integrated?• What work can be done together or apart?• How will information be passed? To whom? When? Formally or
informally? Within the team or outside?• How, where and when do we make decisions? Consensus, majority
rule, compromise?
Code of conduct – questions to askProcess strategies• How will we manage relationships – dive right into business versus
take time to socialize?• To what extent will we socialize together, and when?• What is trust and how is it earned?• How formal or informal will we be?• What language(s) will we use?• How will differences in language fluency be managed?• To what extent does participation reflect potential contributions?• Who dominates?• Who listens to whom?• Who talks to whom?• How are interruptions managed?• How is conflict managed? Forcing, accommodating, avoiding,
collaborating, compromising?• How is negotiation viewed? Win/lose, or win/win?• How is feedback provided? Face to face, third party, direct?
Code of conduct example
Management of time
Contents:• Introduction• Activity diagram• How long time do we need for a given
activity? - how to make a qualified guess• The Gantt chart• Project monitering
Project overview and structure• Problem Statement• A Major Goal functions as
– Defining the final outcome (e.g. in terms of product)– Being the continual point of reference for settling disputes
and misunderstandings about the project– Being the guide keeping all objectives and the work
associated with them on track • Objectives should be:
– Specifc in targeting an objective– Measurable: Establish a measurable indicator(s) of progress– Assignable: Make the objective capable of being assigned to
someone for completion – Realistic: State what can realistically be achieved within
budgetted time and resources – Time-related: State when the objective can be achieved,
that is, the duration. (George Doran 1981)• Risks, assumptions and questions
Agree on the goal, otherwise you won’t reach it!
-OR GET ON ADESERT WALK
The goal statement should be action-oriented, short, simple, straightforward, understandable, and clear to all.
Be aware of your differences
YOU ARESTUPID !
WE DON’T KNOW
Management of time
Management of (often unpredictable) change via
• project planning and• project monitoring
Project planning – what is it?• 50 % thinking ahead• 25 % communication• 25 % milestones
Project Planning - contents
A model of the project, including all activities = tasks, that together constitute the complete project
How can the model be used?• To experiment with, without actually carrying out the
timing and scheduling of activities of the project• As a yardstick against which to measure progress
and monitor the project• As a basis for a regular review and update process,
e.g. Plan the remaining part of the project
Planning at different levels
• Overview (long term) level:– Big tasks, few milestones
• Activity level:– Where you are right now– Detailed activity plan with many smaller tasks– Deadlines
• Daily level:– What are we going to do today
1st Semester 2000 – P0 Project – Group 00792 – TETRaA System
P1 Planning
P1 PeriodPlanning
Motor selection
Battery selection
Design of Control Strategy Weekly report
Simulation
Implement the Strategy
Module report
Supervisor meeting
Test
Practical Work
P1 Report
No
Yes
No
Yes
P1 Period
Time schedule
8th. Oct. 15th. Oct 15th. Nov 19th.Dec
Programming
the controller and
implement the strategy
Choose motor and supply
Control Stategy Design
Practical Work and
Documentation
Control strategy design
Analysing controllers Modelling the motor
Matlab simulation of motor
Matlab simulation of Control system and motor
Choosestrategy
OK?No
Yes
TOTAL: 10X
2X
2X
3X
X2X
How to find X ?
• We need 10 X
• There is 6 members of the group
• There are 15 half project day until finish of activity
What is X then ?• X = 15/10 [½project day] = 1½ [½project
day] ?
• X = (15/10)x6 [½man day] = 9 [½man day]
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
TasksWeek 43 Week 44 Week 45 Week 46
19 20/10 21 27/10 28 3/11 4 9 10/11 11 12
Analysing controllers 2X
Modelling the motor 3X
Matlab simulation of motor X
Choose control strategy 2X
Matlab simulation of control strategy and motor 2X
Gannt chart (Timescedule)
Project Monitering
• Why has some activities taken to long time?• Can we compensate for the delay by working
harder?• Is it possible to reorganize the work schedule• If we are to cut out some activities, which one?
What are the consequences of each of these choices?
Discussion of findings 1:How do students develop process competences?
Planning and project management
Group exercise and homework
Exercise
• Make a code of conduct for your group
• Make a plan of time schedule for your P0 project.
• Present it on lecture 4, September 25th