Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

Jenn RileyMetadata LibrarianIndiana University Digital Library Program

Here’s (some of) what we’re facing

11/17/2010

Image from Indiana University Media Preservation Initiative http://research.iu.edu/resources/media_preservation/slideshow/index.html

Image by Paul Downey – CC by-nc-sa 2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/211603602/

Image by Seth Anderson – CC by-sa 2.0

http://www.flickr.com/photos/swanksalot/2704017177/

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 3

Core issues

11/17/2010

What to preserve?Media? (some digital, some analog)Bits?Intellectual content? How to preserve it?

Migration?Emulation?

How does preservation relate to access?

Not surprisingly, we’re learning that “it depends.”

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 4

Digital preservation is…

Not a solved problem, but also not an unknown one

An active research area Dependent on preservation

metadata, but… More about policy than technology

11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 5

Central framework: OAIS

OAIS = Open Archival Information System

“Reference Model” for an “organization of people and systems” to facilitate long term preservation of content

ISO 14721:2003 OAIS-compliant repositories meet

preservation responsibilities as laid out in the reference model11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 6

High level picture of the OAIS model

11/17/2010

Figure from OAIS Reference Model, p. 4-1 http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 7

Central standard: PREMIS PREservation Metadata

Implementation Strategies Development began in 2003 under

leadership of OCLC and (then) RLG Data dictionary released 2005;

revised 2008 LC is current maintenance agency

11/17/2010

Digital Library Brown Bag Series 82/7/2007

How PREMIS defines preservation metadata “The information a repository uses to

support the digital preservation process” Metadata that supports

viability renderability understandability authenticity identity

Mandatory elements represent “the minimum amount for [a] second repository to accept custody of [a] digital object and assume responsibility for its long-term preservation”

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 9

PREMIS data model

11/17/2010

Figure from PREMIS 2.0 report, p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/v2/premis-report-2-

0.pdf

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 10

Objects and intellectual entities Intellectual entities are the things

we’re interested in And can be groups of things

Objects are specific things a repository manages

11/17/2010

FileBitstream

BitstreamFileFileFileFileFileFile

Representation(of an intellectual entity)

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 1111/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 12

But it’s not just about PREMIS

11/17/2010

Figure from Priscilla Caplan, “Understanding PREMIS” p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/understanding-

premis.pdf

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 13

Image technical metadata

11/17/2010

NISO Metadata for Images in XMLhttp://www.loc.gov/standards/mix/

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 14

Text technical metadata

11/17/2010

Technical Metadata for Text (TextMD)http://www.loc.gov/standards/textMD/

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 15

Audio technical metadata

11/17/2010

Audio Engineering Society Core Audio (AES-X098B)http://www.aes.org/standards/meetings/project-status.cfm

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 16

Video technical metadata

11/17/2010

LC A/V Prototyping ProjectVideo Metadata Schemahttp://www.loc.gov/rr/mopic/avprot/metsmenu2.html

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 17

Preservation metadata seen in some other standard formats

11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 18

Wait, we have to type all of this in? Nope. All this stuff represents a new approach to

metadata creation. Software that creates and manages digital file

also creates technical, process history, preservation metadata about it Maybe also by asking the user for some specific input

Management tools package together metadata and content for transfer and repository ingest

But to implement your preservation policies, you need to understand what metadata is being created, how it’s stored, and when.

11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 19

Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (1) National Digital Information Infrastructure

and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) <http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/>

PREMIS in METS <http://pim.fcla.edu/> DAITSS Digital Preservation Repository

Software, with a dark archive focus <http://daitss.fcla.edu/>

Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC) <http://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/pages/trac_0.pdf>

11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 20

Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (2) Digital Repository Audit Method Based on

Risk Assessment (DRAMBORA) <http://www.repositoryaudit.eu/>

Lots of Content Keeps Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) Initiative <http://lockss.stanford.edu/>

Preserving Virtual Worlds project (including video games!) <http://pvw.illinois.edu/pvw/>

Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS) <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/DATAPASS/>

11/17/2010

Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley 21

For more information

jenlrile@indiana.edu These presentation slides:

http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/presentations/ilf2010/ilf2010.pptx

OAIS reference model:http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf

PREMIS data dictionary:http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/

Thank you!11/17/2010