Presenting Spatial DataWhat’s So Spatial About it?

Putting Yourself in My Place:Space, Place and Pattern

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25 February 2014

No Lecture Next Week 4 MarchWill see you on 11 March

Did Anyone Happen to Try?: UnBuilding Grand Central Station

So … browsing the gallery: !

"Visual Complexity"

Visual ComplexityGood Examples?? Inspiring Ideas?? !

Complexity? Patterns? Aethetics versus Clarity Can you visualise too much? What complications does the move into the visual realm introduce?

Minard x 2 New is Cool …but old classics rule!

Minard - Wheat and Exports

Snow

"Digitization makes the most traditional forms of humanistic scholarship more necessary, not less.

But the differences mean that we need to reinvent, not reaffirm, the way we engage with the humanities."

Can We Understand Place without Space‣ Need a wee bit of

background in Geospace !

‣ More than GIS ‣ Geovisualisation? ‣ Geoparsing? ‣ Georeference ‣ Geoparse ‣ Geotag

‣ Geocode ‣ Geolocate ‣ GPS ‣ GIS ‣ Projection ‣ Geovisualisation

Georeferencing‣ Identify a place in space ‣ Usually a minimum

of Longitude, Latitude, Altitude

Geoparsing‣ Identifying an entity

as a place as opposedto another type withina body of text;

‣ To assign geographicidentifiers to wordsand phrases inunstructured content

‣ Useful Services: Metacarta / Calais / CalaisFull

Geotagging‣ Add geographical

reference informationto media such asphotographs, video,websites, blogposting, etc.

Geocoding‣ The process of finding geographic coordinates from

address data ‣ Reverse Geocoding

Geolocating‣ Assessing the location of a real world object based on IP-

address, or mobile connection to the internet

Global Positioning Systems (GPSs)‣ Series of US Defense Department Satellites in Orbit that

allow for accurate positioning in three dimensions ‣ Additional services available from GLONAS (Russia) and

emerging GALILEO (Europe) and COMPASS (China)

Geovisualisation‣ The use of geographical representation to allow for

analysis, decision-making and presentation

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)‣ GIS can display spatial data hidden in

tables and databases ‣ Create detailed and intelligent maps ‣ Integrate data to reveal trends and

relationships that bring newperspectives to previously held beliefsabout people and places

‣ Research questions in the humanitiesoften involve a spatial component thatonly GIS can expose

Geospatial Data Standards‣ KML ‣ GML ‣ GeoRSS ‣ GPSX ‣ Boundary File/Shapefile

Keyhole Markup Language (KML)‣ A language for the visualisation

of geographic information ‣ Placemarks ‣ Ground Overlays ‣ Paths ‣ Polygons ‣ Styles ‣ Google Earth ‣ Can be embedded in TEI

KML Object Model

Geographic Markup Langauge (GML)‣ Adopted by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) ‣ Can be embedded in TEI

GML‣ Feature ‣ Geometry ‣ Coordinate Reference

System ‣ Topology ‣ Time ‣ Dynamic feature Coverage ‣ Unit of measure ‣ Directions

‣ Observations ‣ Map presentation styling

rules

Place and the TEI‣ Guidelines found in 13.2.3 Place Names and 13.3.4 Places

in P5 ‣ First concerns naming of place (duh!) and the second the

locating of the place in space (a little more complex) ‣ Placename ‣ <placeName @type/> or <geogName @type/> ‣ Place ‣ <place><placeName @type><location><geo/></location></

placename></place>

Place Naming‣ placeName contains an absolute or relative place name

to a geo-political reference. ‣ <placeName/ @key>

‣ eg. ‣ <placeName key=”FO-01”>

<settlement type=””town”>OFFOY </settlement> <country type=”nation”>France </country></placeName>

Place Naming‣ geogName contains an absolute or relative reference to a

geographic feature. ‣ <geogName/ @key @type> ‣ eg. ‣ <geogName key=”R01” type=”River”>

<name>Somme</name> <geogFeature>River</geogFeature></geogName>

Locating a Place‣ place contains direct reference to the location of a place. ‣ eg.

‣ <place key=”offoy” type=”Town”> <placeName notBefore=”1450”>OFFOY</placeName> <location><geo> <kml:Placemark id=”OFF-01”> <kml:Point> <kml:coordinates>49.7634,3.0115 </kml:coordinates></kml:Point> </kml:Placemark></geo></location</place>

Complicating Considerations‣ Specifying a Coordinate System (default: WGS84)

‣ Otherwise use GeoDecl in TEI Header ‣ Dealing with places with different names at different

times ‣ <placeName notAfter="0056">Lugdunum</placeName> ‣ <placeName notBefore="1400">Lyon</placeName>

‣ Dealing with relative locations ‣ <offset> or <measure>

‣ Specifying a GML and KML within the TEI ‣ <geo><kml:Placemark/></geo>

Temporality and the TEI‣ Referenced in 13.3.6 of P5

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‣ The TEI Date ‣ <date @type @when/> where YYYY-MM-DD ‣ <time @type @when/> where HH:MM:SS

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‣ The TEI Event ‣ <event @key @when/><label/><description/><placeName/>

Encoding a Date‣ date contains reference to a date in

any format. ‣ eg.

<date when=”1918-01-06” type=”Occassion”> 6 January 1918</date>

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‣ dates can be relative: ‣ eg.

<date when="--12-02"> <date>A week</date> <offset>before</offset> <date when="--12-09"> <date type="occasion">my birthday </date> on <date>9th December </date></date></date>

Encoding a Time‣ Time contains reference to a specific granular time of day. ‣ eg.

<time when=”13:45:00” type=”twentyfourHour”> a quarter of two</time>

Complicating Considerations‣ Don’t specify accuracy that doesn’t exist

‣ If a day missing from a date use “--” or extra seconds “00” ‣ Deal with other formats in transformation ‣ Dealing with relative time and date

‣ <offset>

Events Tie together Place and Time‣ event contains contains data relating to any kind of

significant event associated with a person or place. ‣ <event/ @when @type> ‣ eg.

<event type="battle" when="1918-03-21"> <label>German Spring Offensive</label> <placeName> <region>Northern France</region> </placeName></event>

Keyhole Markup Language KML‣ As I mentioned earlier it’s a language for the visualisation

of geographic information ‣ There’s many entities that we can define in KML, we will

focus on places --> Placemarks ‣ Ground Overlays, Paths, Polygons, Styles ‣ All of which can be embedded in TEI

KML and Precise Place and Time‣ <placemark/> ‣ <name/> ‣ <description/> ‣ <point> ‣ <coordinates/> ‣ <timeStamp/> ‣ <timeSpan/> ‣ <when/> ‣ <begin/><end/> ‣ <Folder/> ‣ <Document/>

Places to Visit‣ Recipes: GIS Cookbook ‣ Reference for KML: KML Tutorial ‣ Standards: Open Geospatial Consortium ‣ News: Slashgeo ‣ Online Tutorial: MapSchool

How to Use Palladio

How to Use ARCGIS Online

http://storymaps.esri.com/stories/2013/gettysburg/

http://hotchkiss.neatline.org/neatline-exhibits/show/my-dear-little-nelly/fullscreen

for Next Lecture (11 March): Presenting Complex Data Objects

Please take a look at: !

How Collaboration Works and How it Can Fail DH Contribution to Topic Modeling

Thank Youshawn.day@ucc.ie @iridium