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Various aspects of

Indo-Pak Relations

University of WroclawMiddle East and South Asia in International Relations

Meha Lodha5th January 2010

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Contents History Facts Kashmir Conflict Other Issues Recent developments Nuclear Power SAARC Trivia

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History Two Nation Theory – Jinnah 1947 Partition of India Junagadh & Kashmir conflict War of 1947, War of 1965 1971 Bangladeshi Liberation War 1972 Simla Agreement 1999 Kargil War 2001 Indian Parliament Attack

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India & Pakistan Largest country in SA New Delhi Population 1.19 b Secular democratic

republic 138 m Muslims

2nd largest country in SA Islamabad Population 180 m Islamic republic

173 m Muslims

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Kashmir Conflict

Administration: India 43% Pakistan 37% China 20%

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Options for resolving conflict…

Part of India Supported by Govt.,

Hindus, Buddhists Opposed by Kashmiri

Muslims

Part of Pakistan Supported by Govt.,

Muslims Opposed by Hindus,

Buddhists

Independent Kashmir Supported by some

Kashmiris Opposed by India,

Pakistan, China

LOC as intl. border Supported by India Opposed by Pakistan –

lesser control

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Related Issues… Siachen Glacier Sir Creek Baglihar project Tulbul navigation project Drug Trafficking Terrorism/Organized Crime Prisoners Roadblocks for trade and transit

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Relations before Mumbai Attack

Samjhauta Express Delhi-Lahore Bus Srinagar-Muzaffarabad Bus Thar Express Indo-Pak Confederation Indo-Pak Joint Judicial Committee Indian cricket team - Pakistan Tour Release of prisoners

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Samjhauta Express “Compromise” 1976 (result of 1972

Simla Agreement) Discontinued Jan

2002 - Jan 2004 2007 Bombing – 68

casualties RSS Hindus blamed

for involvement

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2001 Indian Parliament Attack Lashkar-e-Toiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed

terrorists Casualties - 5 terrorists, 6 police and 1

civilian India-Pakistan standoff

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2008 Mumbai Attacks 10 coordinated shooting &

bombing Attacks in 4 days 173 people killed, 308

injured Operation Black Tornado Ajmal Kasab (LeT)

undergoing trial Hampered bilateral

relations

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Nuclear Weapons

India Pakistan

Nuclear program start

1967 1972

1st nuclear weapon test

1974 1998

Last nuclear test 1998 1998

NPT Signatory? No No

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SAARC Economic and political organization Established 1985 Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal,

Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka & Afghanistan SAPTA enforced in 1995 Pakistan denies India MFN status SAFTA – No customs duty by 2016

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Trivia Village in India named Pakistan 2005 earthquake Pakistan

Indian Govt. & private sector companies25 tonnes relief material and $ 226 k aid

Indian and Pakistani cricket teams – arch rivals

Civil Visit – Declaration at Police Station

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Thank You!