Poetry Terminology Review

Lesson 179th Lit

ELA9RL1 (poetry) a

The student identifies and responds to the aesthetic effects of subject matter,

sound devices (i.e., alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme scheme), figurative language (i.e., personification, metaphor,

simile, hyperbole) and structure (i.e., fixed and free forms, rhymed and

unrhymed, narrative and lyric) in a variety of poems.

Here is a list of words. Write down the numbers of all that you think you understand.

1. oxymoron2. couplet3. assonance4. consonance5. personification6. simile7. hyperbole8. onomatopoeia9. metaphor

10. alliteration 11. allusion12. paradox13. apostrophe14. symbol15. internal rhyme16. exact rhyme17. approximate

rhyme

The EOCT will require you to use your knowledge of these terms to answer

questions like the ones we will discuss today.

oxymoron• a combination of two words that are

seemingly opposites – usually an adjective-noun

Examples:dark lightliving deadnoisy silencenew classicopen secretsuccessful failurevirtual reality

from Idylls of the Kingby Tennyson

"And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.“

What are the two examples in this phrase?

couplet•a pair of rhyming lines, usually of the same length and meter

I THINK that I shall never see,A poem as lovely as a tree.

assonance• the repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming

within phrases or sentences

• For example, in the phrase "Do you like blue?", the /u:/ sound ("o"/"ou"/"ue“) is repeated within the sentence

and is assonant.

Where is assonance in these two examples from literature?

Ex: Dead in the middle of little Italy, little did we know that we riddled two middle men who didn't do diddily.“

Ex: I bomb atomically—Socrates' philosophies and hypotheses can't define how I be droppin' these mockeries.

consonance• most commonly used in poetry and songs

and characterized by the repetition of the same consonant two or more times in

short succession

Examples:#1. "pitt patter" #2. "all mammals named Sam are clammy".

#1. “When the men sent children off to

war, Linda knew emptiness that didn’t end

anymore.”

A. oxymoronB. coupletC. assonanceD. consonance

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

simile•comparison between two unlike ideas using “like” or “as”

He walked on stage as

bold as a lion.

hyperbole•a deliberate exaggeration

or overstatement

She uses so much makeup she

needs a chisel to get it off.

onomatopoeiause of words that

imitate soundsEx: buzz, crash, whirr,

clang, hiss, purr, squeak, boom, tinkling

#2. “Splish, splash, the water fell

Trickling slowly down the well.”A. personificationB. simileC. hyperboleD. onomatopoeia

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

simile•comparison between two unlike ideas using “like” or “as”

He walked on stage as

bold as a lion.

metaphor•one thing spoken of as though it were something elseHis brain

was a wall.

=

couplet•a pair of rhyming lines, usually of the same length and meter

I THINK that I shall never see,A poem as lovely as a tree.

#3. “I wandered lonely as a

cloud.” (William Wordsworth)A. personificationB. simileC. metaphorD. couplet

alliteration•Repetition of initial consonant soundsCherry Blossoms AdriftPink petals passingScents above so highPainted porcelain perfectionBlossoms caress the sky

paradox• a statement that

seems to be contradictory but

that actually presents a truth

A Cretan says: "All Cretans

are liars".

How is this statement a

paradox?

metaphor•one thing spoken of as though it were something elseHis brain

was a wall.

=

allusion•a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art

#4. He moved the tree with

Herculean strength.A. alliterationB. paradoxC. metaphorD. allusion

paradox• a statement that

seems to be contradictory but

that actually presents a truth

A Cretan says: "All Cretans

are liars".

How is this statement a

paradox?

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

simile•comparison between two unlike ideas using “like” or “as”

He walked on stage as

bold as a lion.

metaphor•one thing spoken of as though it were something elseHis brain

was a wall.

=

#5. “His fear was a prison, stronger

than any more visible barricade.”

A. paradoxB. personificationC. simileD. metaphor

hyperbole•a deliberate exaggeration

or overstatement

She uses so much makeup she

needs a chisel to get it off.

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

apostrophe• a figure of speech in which

someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is

addressed as if it were alive and present and was able to reply

Example of ApostropheThe Sun Risingby John Donne

Busy old fool, unruly sun,Why dost thou thus,

Through windows, and through curtains call on us?

symbolstands for somethin

g else

#6. My blood boiled as I listened

to the gossip.A. hyperboleB. personificationC. apostropheD. symbol

hyperbole•a deliberate exaggeration

or overstatement

She uses so much makeup she

needs a chisel to get it off.

couplet•a pair of rhyming lines, usually of the same length and meter

I THINK that I shall never see,A poem as lovely as a tree.

internal rhyme•rhyming words appear in the same lineI bring fresh showers for the thirsting

flowers.

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

Exact Rhymes

• Exact rhymes are the same in everything but the first sound. Exact rhymes are the most common type of rhyme and can be formed easily with common sounds in English.

• pay / day / way / say / may / bay / play / pray / stay ...

• me / we / be / see / tree / knee ...

#7 I have a million things to do today

So hurry up and get out of my way!

A. hyperbole, coupletB. personification, coupletC. hyperbole, internal rhymeD. personification, exact

rhyme

simile•comparison between two unlike ideas using “like” or “as”

He walked on stage as

bold as a lion.

personification•a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics

couplet•a pair of rhyming lines, usually of the same length and meter

I THINK that I shall never see,A poem as lovely as a tree.

approximate rhyme• words that are similar in sound

but do not rhyme exactly

examples:

• send and when• sun and plum• day and made

• fellow and hollow

metaphor•one thing spoken of as though it were something elseHis brain

was a wall.

=

#8. “And the land was a pretty woman

Smiling at us, looking at her” (Ortiz)

A. simile, personificationB. couplet, personificationC. approximate rhymeD. metaphor, personification

hyperbole•a deliberate exaggeration

or overstatement

She uses so much makeup she

needs a chisel to get it off.

onomatopoeiause of words that

imitate soundsEx: buzz, crash, whirr,

clang, hiss, purr, squeak, boom, tinkling

oxymoron• a combination of two words that are

seemingly opposites – usually an adjective-noun

Examples:dark lightliving deadnoisy silencenew classicopen secretsuccessful failurevirtual reality

from Idylls of the Kingby Tennyson

"And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.“

What are the two examples in this phrase?

paradox• a statement that

seems to be contradictory but

that actually presents a truth

A Cretan says: "All Cretans

are liars".

How is this statement a

paradox?

#9. The car creaked forward once

the old engine began to wheeze.

A. hyperboleB. onomatopoeiaC. oxymoronD. paradox

oxymoron• a combination of two words that are

seemingly opposites – usually an adjective-noun

Examples:dark lightliving deadnoisy silencenew classicopen secretsuccessful failurevirtual reality

from Idylls of the Kingby Tennyson

"And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.“

What are the two examples in this phrase?

paradox• a statement that

seems to be contradictory but

that actually presents a truth

A Cretan says: "All Cretans

are liars".

How is this statement a

paradox?

#10. He ordered jumbo shrimp

for dinner.A. oxymoronB. paradox

ELA9RL1 (poetry) a

The student identifies and responds to the aesthetic effects of subject matter,

sound devices (i.e., alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme scheme), figurative language (i.e., personification, metaphor,

simile, hyperbole) and structure (i.e., fixed and free forms, rhymed and

unrhymed, narrative and lyric) in a variety of poems.

In your group of three, choose three of these terms and agree on an example for each one. Write these down and be prepared to share.1. oxymoron2. couplet3. assonance4. consonance5. personification6. simile7. hyperbole8. onomatopoeia9. metaphor

10. alliteration 11. allusion12. paradox13. apostrophe14. symbol15. internal rhyme16. exact rhyme17. approximate

rhyme