Post on 12-Jan-2016
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Plant Anatomy
Vegetative and Reproductive Structures
What are vegetative structures (parts) and the Vegetative Stage of
a Plant?
• Vegetative plant parts of the plant that help it to through its daily processes.
• The vegetative stage is when the plant is growing and not ready or getting ready for reproduction.
What are reproductive structures (parts) and the reproductive stage
of plants?• The reproductive parts of a plant are the
plant structure used for sexual reproduction (making more plants).
Main Parts of a Leaf
Tip/Apex
Midrib
Margin
Veins
Base
Petiole
Blade
Leaf
Courtesy of Corinne Banowski
Leaf Forms
Leaf Veination
Dichotomous Veination
Types of Leaves
Needle like leaves
Scale like leaves
Internal Parts of A LeafPetiole
Blade
CuticleUpper EpidermisPalisade Mesophyll
VeinSpongy Mesophyll
Lower Epidermis
Guard CellStomataAir
Spaces
Stoma, singular
Courtesy of Wm. C. Brown Publishers
Leaf Attachments
Leaf Function
• Photosynthesis– Make food (sugar
“glucose”)
• Store water• Reproduce• Protect
Modified Leaves
• Bulbs
• Bracts
• Spines
External Stem Anatomy
Internal stem anatomy
Monocots=grasses, palm trees, corn, ect…
Dicots=trees, shrubs, “leafy” ect…
Function of Stems
• Transport (food down, water up)
• Support (hold up leaves)
• Store (food and water)
• Protect (thorns)
• Reproduction (stolons)
Modified Stems
• Thorns
• Stolons
• Tuber
Root Anatomy
• Primary root: The first root to emerge from a seed
• Secondary root: Roots that branch off of that root
Function
•Absorb water
•Anchor plant
•Store food and water
Flowers
• Used for sexual reproduction
• They make seeds
• Some are male, Some are female and some are both.
Parts of a Flower
StamenAnther
Filament
PetalsSepals
Pedicel
Stem of the flower
Ovule
Receptacle
Swollen base where are parts attach
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Pistil
Courtesy of McGraw Hill Publishers
Pollination
• Pollen (male) lands on female flower and fertilizes egg/ovule (female) and then makes seeds
• Pollinators Wind, insects (bees, ants, flies, ect…), bats, birds, butterfly) ect…
• Cross pollination: between separate plants
• Self pollination: pollinates itself
Types of flowers
• Perfect: have stamen and pistol (both sexes, hermaphrodite)
• Imperfect: missing a male or female part
• Complete: has everything
• Incomplete is missing something, anything.