PHP for HTML GurusAndrea TarrTarr ConsultingJ and Beyond 2012

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Outline• PHP Basics• Explanation of

actual code in templates & layouts• Changing code

and seeing it in action• Book give away

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PHP Basics• Get in and out of PHP with <?php ?>• End each statement with a semi-colon<?php

$first_name = 'Andrea';$last_name = 'Tarr';

?>

• Whitespace is irrelevant<?php $first_name='Andrea';$last_name='Tarr';?>

• Omit any final ?> at the end of a file3

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Comments• Single line comments// This is a single line comment$language = 'PHP'; // End of line comment// Multiple lines of single comments// can be done by repeating the slashes

• Multiple line comments/* With this type of comment you canstart a comment on one line and endit on an other line */

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Variables• Used to store information that can change• Start with a $• Assign a value with =• Use single ('') or double ("") quotes for text• You need to assign a value before you can use the

variable• Use echo to display a value• Use a dot (.) to join items together

$first_name = 'Andrea';$last_name = 'Tarr';echo $first_name . ' ' . $last_name;

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$Variable Types• String Text: Andrea• Numbers: 42• Logical: True/False, 1/0• Array: An array is a list, either indexed or named• [0]=>Sun, [1]=>Mon, [2]=>Tue, [3]=>Wed• Name=>Joomla, Version=>2.5, • You can nest arrays

• Object: We'll come back to Object shortly

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Functions()• Functions perform an action• You recognize a function by the ()• You can pass information to the function in the ()$full_name = ' Andrea Tarr ';echo trim($full_name);

• This results in Andrea Tarr

• You can pass a function to a functionecho strtoupper(trim($full_name);

• This results in ANDREA TARR7

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CONSTANTS• Constants are assigned once and don't change• No $• Usually in ALL CAPSdefine('SITENAME', 'My Site');echo SITENAME;

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Objects• Think of an object as a named array plus functions• Properties are variables• Functions are also called methods

Examples:• $item->title contains the title• $item->introtext contains the intro text• $params->get('show_modify_date')

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Classes• Classes are the blueprints that are used to create

objects• You can use the classes directly without creating

an object

Examples:• JText::_('COM_CONTENT_READ_MORE');• JHtml::_('string.truncate', ($this->item->title),

$params->get('readmore_limit'))

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Making Decisions: if/else• Example 1if ($sum > 10) :

// do something when greater than 10else :

// do something when 10 or lessendif;

• Example 2if ($errors) :

// do something when there are errorsendif;

• You can also nest if statements

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Comparison Operators

12Don't use = to compare!

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One Line If Statement• Normal wayif ($gender == 'M') :

echo 'Man';else :

echo 'Woman';endif;

• One line versionecho ($gender == 'M') ? 'Man' : 'Woman';

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Alternative Syntax• Alternative Syntax used when mixing with HTMLif ($sum > 10) :

// do something when greater than 10else :

// do something when 10 or lessendif;

• Normal syntax with curly bracesif ($sum > 10) {

// do something when greater than 10} else {

// do something when 10 or less}

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Looping• While• Repeats while a condition is true

• Do/While• Does it at least once then repeats while true

• For• Loops a given number of times

• Foreach• Repeats the code for each element in an array or

object

• Jumping out early• Continue

• Jump to the next iteration

• Break• Jump out of the loop

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Template index.php file• Template Parameters• Conditional Stylesheets• Conditional Positions• One Line If Statement

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$color = $this->params->get('templatecolor');

<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/css/<?php echo htmlspecialchars($color); ?>.css" type="text/css" />

<link rel="stylesheet" href="/localhost/jc/templates/beez_20/css/personal.css" type="text/css" />

Template Parameters

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Conditional Stylesheets<?php if ($this->direction == 'rtl') : ?> <link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/css/template_rtl.css" type="text/css" /><?php endif; ?>

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Conditional Positions<?php if ($this->countModules('position-12')): ?><div id="top"> <jdoc:include type="modules" name="position-12" /></div><?php endif; ?>

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$showRightColumn = ($this->countModules('position-3') OR$this->countModules('position-6') OR$this->countModules('position-8'));

<div id="<?php echo $showRightColumn ? 'contentarea2' : 'contentarea';?>">

If there are right modules: <div id="contentarea2">If there aren't: <div id="contentarea">

One Line If Statement

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Module Layout • Latest Articles• mod_articles_latest/tmpl/default.php

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Latest Articles

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Latest News default.php

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var_dump()

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Object $item

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Object $item

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Object $item – Page 2

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Object $item – Page 3

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Object $item – Page 4

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Object $item – Page 5

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Object $item – Page 6

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Add information

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List with intro text

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Questions?

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Book Give Away

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