Post on 24-Jul-2021
Ms. Chnar HussamDr. Tola FARAJ
Phlebotomy - Venipuncture
Phlebotomy - Venipuncture
▪ Phlebotomy, what does it mean?Greek translation
Phlebos - veinTome - incision
Phlebotomy is the process of making apuncture in a vein with a needle, for thepurpose of taking blood. The procedureitself is known as a venipuncture.
Why collect blood?
▪ Diagnosis of disease▪ Therapeutic purposes▪ Blood donation
Phlebotomy Sites Veins in Arm:▪ Cephalic▪ Basilic▪ Cubital
Venipuncture Methods:There are three main methods of drawing blood_
A. Vacuum TubeB. SyringeC. Butterfly
A. Evacuated Tube Method
This method includes:▪ Vacutainer tube▪ Adapter▪ Double-pointed Needle
Features of this method are:▪ Closed system - needle stick risk low▪ The vacuum draws blood inside the tube
C. Butterfly collection system▪ Combines benefits of syringe and
vacuum methods▪ Used for small or fragile veins
that are difficult to draw▪ Winged needle inserted at about
5° angle then threaded into avein
B. Syringe method▪ Used for small or fragile veins▪ Control flow
▪ Physician order/Lab requisition form.▪ Pen - black ink.▪ Appropriate PPE (gloves and gown).▪ Needle holder and Needle (varying sizes).▪ Tubes - varying sizes and types used.
▪ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Equipment/Supplies Step 1
Basic order:▪ Sterile specimens▪ Light blue - sodium citrate▪ Red or plain tubes - no additives or gel▪ Yellow - SST/Serum separator tube▪ Green - heparin▪ Lavender - EDTA▪ Gray - oxalate fluoride
More Equipment/Supplies:
▪ Tourniquet1.Constrict flow of blood in arm2.Make veins more prominent
▪ Alcohol▪ Cotton balls▪ Bandages or tape
A Phlebotomist needs to use all these skills:▪ Technical skills▪ Prepare for the draw-equipment (spare tubes)▪ Positioning the patient▪ Note order-required tests▪ Social skills▪ Small talk (weather, pets, entertainment)▪ Good Therapeutic Communication▪ Assess patient comfort level▪ Ask about past experiences
Step 2
Preparing the patient Note:
▪ Identify yourself and explain the procedure
Properly Identify your patient ask them to:▪ State their name and date of birth▪ Ask the patient about allergies▪ Taking blood thinners▪ Past Experiences
Remember to wash your hands
Step 3
Position your patient for safety:
▪ Sit▪ Lie down▪ (note past history of fainting or loss of consciousness)
▪ Select the appropriate site and vein free of:1. Scars2. Hematomas3. A Pulse
Palpate vein with tip of fingerUse the tourniquet appropriately
▪ Proper Tourniquet Technique▪ To prevent inaccurate blood test results - do not
leave on longer than one minute▪ Tourniquet may be applied over clothing for
patient comfort▪ Remove tourniquet when blood flow is achieved▪ Always remove tourniquet prior to removing
needle
Proper completion of draw▪ Remove tourniquet▪ Remove needle▪ Bandage appropriately▪ Label specimen tubes in front of patient
▪ Tend to the safety of your patient Step 4
T H A N K S