Protocolstudy

Inves&gatethephenomenologyandneuralcorrelatesofcogni&vetranceusingmul&modalneuroimagingassessmentsinanexpertprac&&oner

Phenomenologyandbrainmeasuresduringcogni4vetrance:acasestudy

ogosseries@uliege.be

Background Results

Methods

GosseriesO1,SombrunC2,ThibautA1,SanzLR1,WolffA1,RaimondoF1,FecchioM3,PandaR1,F.Taulelle2,VanhaudenhuyseA4*,LaureysS1*

COGNITIVETRANCE

-Voli&onal&self-inducedmodifiedstateofconsciousness-Inheritedfromshamanictradi&onalprac&ces-Characteris&cs:

Ø  LucidbutnarrowedawarenessofenvironmentØ  Hyper-focusedimmersiveexperienceofflowØ  ExpandedinnerimageryØ  ModifiedsomatosensoryprocessingØ  Alteredsenseofselfand&me

DEFINITION

AIMS

[1,2]

PROTOCOL:1expertpar&cipantundergoingelectroecenphalogram(EEG),transcranialmagne&cs&mula&on(TMS)&fluorodeoxyglucosepositronemissiontomography(FDG-PET)duringnormalres&ngwakefulness&trancestate

PARTICIPANT:56yoright-handedfemale,originallytrainedinMongolia,prac&cingtrancefor17years,abletoinducetrancespontaneouslywithoutmovingaYerinduc&on

SUBJECTIVEQUESTIONNAIRES:freerecall,&mepercep&on(subjec&vedura&onoftheexperience,inmin),levelofarousal(wakefulness),absorp&on(befullyinvolvedinexperience)&dissocia&on(mentalsepara&onfromenvironment)using0-10VAS

EEG:256channels(EGI),spectralpower(δ,θ,α,β),complexity(Komolgorov-Chai&ncomplexity–K,spectral&permuta&onentropy–SE&PE)&connec&vity(dwPLI)

TMS-EEG:64channels(Nexs&m),TMS-responsesduringfrontal&parietals&mula&on,diversityindex(DI)&localmeanfieldpower(LMFP)

FDG-PET:globalbrainmetabolism

ANALYSES:aspreviouslypublishedresultsconsideredsignificantatp<0.05

Ourfindingsshowed:-  Higherabsorp&on,dissocia&on,wakefulnessand&me-scaledistor&onintrancecomparedtorest-  EEGincreasespectralpowerinallfrequencybands,increasecomplexity(especiallyposteriorregions),increasein

δanddecreaseinα&βconnec&vity-  Target-specificmodifica&onincor&calreac&vity:increaseduringfrontals&mula&on(possiblyrelatedtofocused

aken&on),anddecreaseinparietals&mula&on(possiblyrelatedtodecreasedexternalawareness)-  NodifferenceinglobalbrainmetabolismIn conclusion, cogni&ve trance is a modified state of consciousness characterized by changes in behavior andneurophysiologicalprocesses.Furtherstudiesonalargersampleofsubjectsareneededtobekerunderstandtheneuralbasisofcogni&vetrance,whichcanbeprac&cedbyanyindividualundergoingspecific(self)-training.

1GIGAConsciousness,ComaScienceGroup,UniversityandUniversityHospitalofLiege,Belgium;2TranceScienceResearchIns&tute,Paris,France;3DepartmentofBiomedicalandClinicalSciences"LuigiSacco",UniversityofMilan,Milan,Italy;4AlgologyDepartment&Sensa&on&Percep&onResearchGroup,GIGAconsciousness,UniversityandUniversityHospitalofLiège,Belgium;*Contributedequally

Discussion

REFERENCES[1]Flor-Henryetal,CogentPsychology,2017[2]Hoveetal,Cortex,2016

[3]Vanhaudenhuyseetal,IntJClinExpHyp,2019[4]Engemannetal,Brain,2018

AFTERTREATMENT

#011

[3]

[4,5]

[9]

SUBJECTIVEQUESTIONNAIRES

EEG

TMS-EEGFDG-PET

[8]

Increaseintrance

Decreaseintrance

COMPLEXITY

FREQUENCYPOWER

CONNECTIVITY

FREERECALL(a^erEEGintrance):“Atfirst,therewasa song during the induc?on,withmovements. ACer, I had thevisionofaneagleanditbegantoflyandIfeltthesensa?ontoalsoflywithhiminaverybeau?fulorangelight.Itwasasunsetanditwasverypleasant.Iwasdoingtai-chimovements.Itwasbeau?ful.Thiseagletookmeinakindofeye,averybrighteye,andaCerIhadafeelingofanopening,atotalwell-being.Ifeltlike ecstasy, a statewhere you are just in your place and it isperfect.”

[4-9]

Nosignificantdifferencebetweenrest(leY)andtrance(right)

Nodedegree

[7]

[6]

[7]Casarokoetal,PloSOne,2010[8]Fecchioetal,PloSOne,2017[9]Thibautetal,JRehabMed,2012[5]Siketal,Brain,2014

[6]Chennuetal,Brain,2017