Participatory Video Participatory Video

WorkshopWorkshop

Participatory Video Participatory Video

WorkshopWorkshop

7th May 2011, Wageningen, DOCU FILM FEST

MORNING

Introduction to Participatory Video (PV)

PV Workshop

Playback and Wrap-up

AFTERNOON

Meeting the Organisations

PV Process

EVENING

Editing

Closing Reflections

Program of the workshop

Program of the workshop

Ice-breaking with video

Ice-breaking with video

⌐ What is PV?

⌐ Why use PV?

⌐ From/to Whom? – Typologies

⌐ Examples of PV Methods

⌐ How to facilitate PV?

⌐ Research options - Ethnovideography

⌐ Video Examples

Introduction to Participatory Video

Introduction to Participatory Video

⌐ Coffee break

⌐ Wrap up – Shooting tips

⌐ Lunch

⌐ Welcome back - Editing tips

⌐ Dinner

⌐ Closing reflections

And also

And also

⌐ Or, what is not!PV is not making movies - it aims for community empowerment

⌐ You, as a PV facilitator will not be taking the shots - the participants have full ownership of the process and the product

What is PV?

What is PV?

⌐ Creates a safe place⌐ Literacy barriers⌐ Geographical barriers⌐ Exercise democratic right ⌐ Technology and knowledge transfer⌐ Experiential action learning ⌐ Multi-stakeholder interaction⌐ Attracts curiosity⌐ Fits oral traditions⌐ Low cost for outreach potential⌐ …

Why use PV?

Why use PV?

1. FOR ADVOCACY & AWARENESS RISINGFrom Community to researchers/ NGOs/ policy makers

From Marginalized/ isolated groups to wider community

Community to communityPolicy makers to community Multi-stakeholder workshops

From/to Whom? – Typologies (1)

From/to Whom? – Typologies (1)

2. FOR CAPACITY BUILDINGTool for sharing information and technologies, e.g. for agricultural extension and introduction of new practices

3. FOR STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT & REPORTINGUsed from project planning, M&E, consultation of isolated communities, conflict situations, etc.

From/to Whom? - Typologies (2)

From/to Whom? - Typologies (2)

The Fogo ProcessNational Film Board of Canada, 1960’s

Participatory Video ApproachLunch and Lunch, 2006

Zooming in zooming outVan Mele, 2006 and 2008

Visual Problem AppraisalWitteveen and Enserink, 2007

…

Examples of PV Methods

Examples of PV Methods

The facilitator is a person who is

substantively neutral, who has no

substantive decision-making authority and

intervenes to help a group to

explore, solve problems and make

decisions. Schwarz, 2002

How to facilitate PV?

How to facilitate PV?

ENGAGE AND ENABLE PEOPLE TO TAKE ACTION

Ethics•Attitudes and behavior•Hand over control•Be aware of power•Ownership•Honor commitments

Ethics of editing

Challenges

Ethics and challenges

Ethics and challenges

Research⌐ Six Navajos made films about anything they want.

Research options

Research options

Starting point:

people use motion pictures in a patterned, rather than a random fashion, and the particular patterns used would reflect their culture and their cognition.

Research options

Research options

Analyze⌐ The narrative “Style” of the films, related to mythic forms and symbols of the culture.

Research options

Research options

Analyze⌐ The cultural, perceptual, and cognitive taboos influencing semantic or syntactic organization and structure of an utterance.

Research options

Research options

Analyze⌐ The syntactic organization and sequencing of events and units of eventing – we shall be dealing with way pieces or units of films were used/edited.

Research options

Research options

Method⌐ Film when you look back with the filmmakers.

⌐

Research options

Research options

Video Examples

Video Examples

Teenagers in Wageningen

Graffiti

Students in Groningen, Netherlands

Small Gestures Big Effects

Participatory 3D Mapping, Ethiopia

Participatory Video with Students

Insightshare.org

Insights into PV

Example of PV Method

Example of PV Method

http://vimeo.com/21449246

Example of PV Method

Example of PV Method

10-steps method

1.1. Sit in circleSit in circle2.2. camera basics, handling precautions, on/off, camera basics, handling precautions, on/off,

framing - One teaches the next framing - One teaches the next 3.3. Again, using the microphone – The name gameAgain, using the microphone – The name game4.4. Watch footage, promoting reflection and commentsWatch footage, promoting reflection and comments5.5. Introduce the tripod – Let them handle the Introduce the tripod – Let them handle the

equipmentequipment6.6. Help making out what story they want to tell – Help making out what story they want to tell –

StoryboardStoryboard7.7. Go, make it! - Let participants experimentGo, make it! - Let participants experiment8.8. Participatory editingParticipatory editing9.9. Help organise a community screeningHelp organise a community screening10.10.Reflect on the process and ask for consent for Reflect on the process and ask for consent for

disseminationdissemination

PV Workshop

Wrap Up

Wrap Up

Shooting tips Shooting tips

Before you start

⌐ Study the camera manual

⌐ Know basic camera functions

⌐ Charge batteries

⌐ Check memory space / empty tapes

⌐ Try to get a tripod

Make a plan

Make a plan

⌐ What do you want to tell / achieve?

⌐ Who will watch?

⌐ Where will it be shown?⌐ Internet: short (around 3min)

⌐ Option: make a story board

Storyboard

Storyboard

Framing

Framing

Camera angles

Camera angles

Canted shot

Over the shoulder

Cut away

Bird’s-eye view

High angle

Eye-level

Frog perspective

Low angle

Point of view

Camera movements

Camera movements

⌐ Panning from left to right⌐ Tilting up and down⌐ Dolly moving with subject⌐ Zooming

⌐ Slow movements

⌐ 180 degree rule

Composition (1)

Composition (1)

⌐ Rule of thirds

Composition (2)

Composition (2)

⌐ Empty space in the direction the subject is talking/looking/going

Interview

Interview

⌐ Position yourself next to camera

⌐ Use tripod for interview

⌐ Ask interviewee to maintain eye contact with you

⌐ Avoid leading questions

Location and light

Location and light

⌐ Find location that illustrates the story

⌐ Avoid moving backgrounds

⌐ Enough light. Preferably outside in natural light

⌐ Avoid backlight (into the sun)

Sound

Sound

⌐ Position of build-in microphone

⌐ Get close to person for better sound

⌐ Find quiet place (or film source of noise)

⌐ Don’t touch the sound cables

⌐ Use external (clip) microphone to improve sound (if possible)

Shooting

Shooting

⌐ Count till 10

⌐ Shoot fat: start before action and keep shooting after

⌐ Diversify your shots: different angles, frames, movements

⌐ Include objects/environments that illustrate the story

Meeting the Organisations & PV Process

ENJOY!

Welcome back! Welcome back! how was your afternoon?

Before we start editing…

A refreshment !

Editing

Editing

Access your Clips and Video effects and Transitions

Insert and edit clips in the Timeline

(video and sound)

Preview

screen

Editing process

Editing process

1. Preview, name and classify clips

2. Review storyboard

3. Import selected clips to video

editing software

4. Make rough edit, placing clips in

order in the timeline

5. Choose tittles and soundtrack

6. Refine editing

7. Export to movie format

Closing Reflections

Thank you

Screening of today’s VideosMonday, 8pm, @ Movie W

The teamMargriet GorisPatricia SantosTessa SteenbergenGeke Kieft