Output Devices, Chapter Output Devices, Chapter 55

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Intro to Computers

Instructor:

Glenda H. Easter

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ObjectivesObjectives

Define the four types of output Identify the different types of display

devices Describe factors that affect the quality of a

monitor Understand the purpose of a video card Identify monitor ergonomic issues

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Objectives Objectives (Continued)(Continued)

Explain the differences among various types of printers

List the types of audio output devices Identify the purpose of data projects, fax

machines, and multifunction devices Explain how a terminal is both an input and

output device Identify output options for physically

challenged users.

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What Is Output?What Is Output?

Text Graphics Audio Video

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Hard Copy vs. Soft Copy OutputHard Copy vs. Soft Copy Output

Hard Copy (Paper Output)

Soft Copy (Monitor Display)

El Centro College

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Output: Monitors, Printers, Output: Monitors, Printers, Plotters, and VoicePlotters, and Voice Most output can be divided into two

categories: Soft Copy and Hard Copy. Soft copy includes output from monitors

and from audio devices. Hard copy output includes output from

printers, plotters, and microfilm and microfiche.

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What are Output Devices?What are Output Devices?

Any computer component capable of conveying information to a user

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Output DevicesOutput Devices

Any computer component capable of conveying information to a user

Output devices convert machine readable information into people-readable form.

The output devices most commonly used with microcomputers are: Monitors Printers Plotters Voice-Output Devices

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Display DevicesDisplay Devices

An output device that visually conveys text, graphics, and video information

CRT Monitors Screen housed in a plastic or metal case Color monitor

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Types CRT Flat-screen

Resolution Pixels SVGA or VGA Monochrome or color

PIXELSPIXELS

RESOLUTIONRESOLUTION

Output Devices = Monitors

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MonitorsMonitors cathode ray tube (CRT)

liquid crystal display (LCD)

Laptop color LCD display

Desktop computers use a CRT

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MonitorsMonitors Monitors are also called:

display screensvideo display video display terminal (VDT).

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MonitorsMonitors

Images are represented on monitors by individual dots or “picture elements” called pixels.

A pixel is the smallest unit on the screen that can be turned on and off or made different shades.

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Pixels

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MonitorsMonitors(Continued)(Continued) The density of the dots determine the

screen resolution which is the clarity of the images on the screen.

The greater the number of dots on the screen, the better the resolution will be.

Monitors are categorized according to screen resolution as either high resolution or low resolution.

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MonitorsMonitors(Continued)(Continued) PC/TV: Available with the establishment

of all-digital high definition television (HDTV). This enables people to freeze video sequences to create still images on digitized output or stored on laser disks.

ITV (Interactive TV) provides video on demand, and interactive shopping.

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MonitorsMonitors(Continued)(Continued) The type of monitor used most often for the

office and home is the desktop monitor. These are also called catherode-ray-tube

or CRTs. Smaller portable monitors are available

such as an LCD panel (Liquid Crystal Display) panels.

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Flat-Panel MonitorsFlat-Panel Monitors

• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

(Notebooks use LCD displays)

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Flat-Panel Monitors Flat-Panel Monitors (Continued)(Continued) Data projectors

Allows an audience to view output LCD projectors Digital light processing (DLP) projector

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Screen SizeScreen Size

Quoted Size and Actual Viewable Area

Monitor Size Viewable Area

21 inches 20 inches

17 inches 16 inches

15 inches 14 inches

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Video Graphics AdapterVideo Graphics Adapter

Common color depthColor Depth Number of colors

VGA (4 bits) 16

256 Color Mode (8 bits) 256

High Color (16 bits) 65,536

True Color (24 bits) 16,777,216

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Resolution = no. of pixels(i.e. 1024 x 768)

Refresh rate = number offrames in one second

The picture is scannedfrom left to right andfrom top to bottom.

One complete set of scanlines is called a frame.

1 pixel in a color monitor

Size is measureddiagonally.

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Additional Monitor Additional Monitor CharacteristicsCharacteristics

dot pitch interlaced monitors noninterlaced monitors multiscan monitors

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Video Graphics AdapterVideo Graphics Adapter

Common PC resolutions

640 x 480

800 x 600

1024 x 768

1600 x 1200

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Video Adaptersvideo RAM (VRAM)video graphics adapter (VGA)super VGArefresh rateflicker

Output DevicesOutput DevicesEngaging Our SensesEngaging Our Senses

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Output DevicesOutput Devices

Impact Line printers Character printers Dot-matrix printers

Non-impact Laser printers

Inkjet printers

Thermal Plotters

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PrintersPrinters

An output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper or transparency film

Hard copy (printout) Portrait vs. landscape Printing requirements vary

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PrintersPrinters

Impact Printers Printing mechanism strikes paper, ribbon and

character together Not usually letter quality (LQ) Many are near letter quality (NLQ) Used for multipart forms

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Impact Printers Dot matrix printers

Small dots form charactersContinuous form paperMore pins on print head means higher

qualitySpeed measured in characters per second

(cps)

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Impact Printers Line printers

High speedPrints an entire line at a timeBand printerShuttle-matrix printer

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers No mechanism strikes the paper Much quieter than impact printers

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Ink-jet printers

Spray tiny drops of ink onto the paper Both black-and-white and color Resolution measured in dots per inch (dpi) Speed measured in pages per minute (ppm) Nozzles spray ink

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Ink jets are popular because of theirrelatively low cost and color capability.

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Laser printers

High-speed, high-quality nonimpact printerVery high quality resolution - 600dpi to

1,200 dpiStores entire page before printing itPage description language (PDL)

– PCL (Printer Control Language)– Postscript

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Laser printers

Operates much like a copy machine Toner Replace cartridge

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Paper is given astatic charge

Laser beam

Heat roller bondstoner to paper

Toner transferredfrom drum to paper

Rotatingmirror

Laser transfersimage to drum

Laser printers are faster and capable of high resolution.

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Thermal printers

Pushes electrically heated pins against heat-sensitive paper

Thermal wax-transfer printerDye-sublimation printer

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Portable printers

Small, lightweight printer that allows a mobile user to print from a laptop or handheld computer while traveling

Ink-jetThermal or thermal wax-transferParallel port or infrared port

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Plotters and Large-Format Printers

Used for high-quality drawings such as blueprints, maps, circuit diagrams, and signs

Plotters– Pen plotters– Electrostatic plotters

Large-format printer– Photo-realistic quality color prints

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PlottersPlotters

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Printers Printers (Continued)(Continued)

Nonimpact Printers Special-purpose printers

Photo printer– Photo lab quality pictures

Label printer

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Printing Requirements Printing Requirements Question SheetQuestion Sheet

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Types of InterfacesTypes of Interfaces

• Serial

• Parallel

• Centronics

• SCSI

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Bit 0Start bitBit 1Bit 2Bit 3Bit 4Bit 5Bit 6Bit 7Stop Bit

RS232Driver

To modemTransmitter

Receiver

Control Serial data transmissionis relatively slow!

The serial ports transfer data one bit at a time.

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Transmitter

Receiver

Control

To printer

The parallel port transfers data one byte at a time.

Drivers

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A SCSI card can be pluggedinto an expansion slot. SCSIdevices can be daisychained.

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Other Output DevicesOther Output Devices

Microforms CD-ROM Audio Output Robots

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Voice-Output DevicesVoice-Output Devices

Voice-Output Devices Monitors make sounds that resembles human speech with pre-recorded vocalized sounds.

Voice-Output is not as difficult to create as voice input.

Voice-Output devices are similar to those that are in the elevators telephones, cars, supermarket checkouts, and assisting the physically challenged.

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Voice Input DevicesVoice Input Devices

Voice Input Devices are those that allow a person to speak and it transfers their speech patterns into typed written text.

This is especially helpful for individuals who are physically impaired.

An excellent voice-input software package is Dragon.

Once the voice is calibrated, it can type any type of materials, and will even format that material for the user.

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Audio Output DevicesAudio Output Devices

These are sound cards, which enable stereo sound output and sometimes input, are frequently added to PC-compatible systems.

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Other Output DevicesOther Output Devices

Facsimile (Fax) Machine Used to transmit and receive an image of a

document over a phone line Stand-alone Fax modem

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TerminalsTerminals

Performs both input and output Monitor Keyboard Video card

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Other Output DevicesOther Output Devices

Facsimile (Fax) Machine Used to transmit and receive an image of a

document over a phone line Stand-alone Fax modem

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TerminalsTerminals

Performs both input and output Monitor Keyboard Video card

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Terminals Terminals (Continued)(Continued) Dumb terminal

Host computer

Intelligent terminal Programmable terminal Point-of-sale (POS) terminal Automatic teller machine (ATM)

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Output Devices for Physically Output Devices for Physically Challenged UsersChallenged Users

Windows Accessibility Properties dialog box

Braille printer

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Output Devices for Physically Output Devices for Physically Challenged UsersChallenged Users

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