orcid.org Contact Info: p. +1-301-922-9062 a. 10411 Motor City Drive, Suite 750, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA

ORCID: Persistent Identifiers for Researchers and Contributors CAUL/ANDS Roundtable, Canberra 29 July 2014

Laurel L. Haak, PhD Executive Director, ORCID

L.Haak@orcid.org http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-3700

Name Ambiguity Is a Problem

J. Å. S. Sørensen

J. Aa. S. Sørensen

J. Åge S. Sørensen

J. Aage S. Sørensen

J. Åge Smærup Sørensen

J. Aage Smaerup Sørensen

http://ands.org.au/newsletters/share_issue18.pdf

One researcher may have many profiles and identifiers

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What are name identifiers?

•  Numeric or alpha-numeric persistent designations associated with a single entity

•  Entities can be an institution, person, or piece of content

…and what do identifiers do, exactly? Disambiguate and enforce uniqueness

Enable linking and data integration

In other words, persistent identifiers provide a simple basis for data governance

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Other Person

Identifiers

Funders

Higher Education

and Employers

Professional Associations

Repositories

Publishers

ORCID is a hub

The ORCID identifier connects researchers with their works, organizations, and their other person identifiers. ORCID APIs enable data exchange between research information systems.

ISNI Researcher ID Scopus Author ID Internal identifiers

FundRef GrantID

ISNI Ringgold ID

Member ID Abstract ID

DOI ISBN Thesis ID

DOI

v ORCID provides a free, non-proprietary registry of persistent unique identifiers for researchers, scholars, and analysts

v ORCID iDs are embedded in research systems and ORCID provides APIs that enable the interoperable exchange of information between systems

v ORCID code is open source and we support community efforts to develop tools and services

v ORCID iDs link to other research information identifiers

v ORCID is an independent non-profit organization supported by member fees

ORCID

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v ORCID record data marked public by researchers is published annually

v Data Governance: ORCID is committed to maintaining persistence of the ORCID identifier Registry and data in its charge.   

v Organization Governance: ORCID is governed by an elected Board of Directors, majority non-profit, drawn from and representative of ORCID member organizations. Governance documents are posted online.

v  In addition to the Board of Directors, ORCID has Steering and Working Groups and an Ambassador program open to the research community.

v  Staff: ORCID operations are managed by a full time staff.

ORCID Governance

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Adoption and Integration

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ORCID has issued over 800,000 iDs since our launch in October 2012. Integration and use is international.

EMEA 35%

Americas 50%

AsiaPac 15%

Over 140 members, from every sector of the international

research community

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

June

Creator

Website

Trusted Party

Publishing 25%

Universities & Research

Orgs 45%

Funders 7%

Associations 12%

Repositories & Profile Sys

11%

Broad international usage

•  55 countries >10,000 unique visitors

•  97 countries >1,000 unique visitors

•  Registry supports multiple character sets

•  Content in Spanish, French, English, Chinese, and Korean, and adding Portuguese, Japanese, and Russian in 2014

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Country Sessions % US 715717 16.1%

China 432621 9.7% India 258187 5.8% UK 243375 5.5%

Portugal 220325 5.0% Spain 201182 4.5% Italy 152584 3.4%

Brazil 152531 3.4% Germany 147142 3.3%

Japan 127571 2.9% Australia 111425 2.5% France 108744 2.4% Canada 94576 2.1%

Iran 89571 2.0% South Korea 84402 1.9%

Russia 80004 1.8% Vietnam 73145 1.6% Turkey 73038 1.6% Taiwan 60223 1.4%

Malaysia 58896 1.3% Sweden 56948 1.3%

Netherlands 55613 1.3% Egypt 47051 1.1%

Poland 41898 0.9% Mexico 38850 0.9%

Switzerland 38739 0.9% Belgium 28581 0.6%

Saudi Arabia 27995 0.6% Ukraine 27922 0.6% Greece 27096 0.6%

Australia

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•  Site Usage: Over 110,000 unique visits to the ORCID Website from Australia, 2.5% of total site traffic

•  ORCID Members: Charles Darwin University, University of New South Wales, University of Queensland and University of Sydney

Standard: One organization joins. Option for basic or premium benefit levels. Discount for non-profits. Local consortium: One lead organization coordinates membership and technical implementation with group participants. Fee based on number of organizations in the group and benefit level. Discount for groups of 5 or more. National consortium: One lead organization coordinates membership and technical implementation for group participants. Sliding fee based on national GDP.

How to join

http://orcid.org/about/membership

Guess what? There are ambiguity issues with content and organizations, too.

A rose by any other name...

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Wellcome Trust OA Study “No naming authority was imposed on the file, so entities have a variety of names. For instance, the American Chemical Society is referred to in a number of ways — ACS, ACS Publications, American Chemical Society, and The American Chemical Society, among others. PLOS ONE is listed in a similar variety of ways, as are most of the publishers and journals with multiple entries…..By allowing authors to freestyle the name of the payee, we are creating a very loose data source for analysis.” http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2014/03/21/wellcome-money-in-this-example-of-open-access-funding-the-matthew-effect-dominates/

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Interoperability

v ORCID works collaboratively with the research community on development and adoption of research information exchange standards

Link to works

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Link to existing works through (a) self-claim search wizards and (b) embedding in new works (and link back to ORCID) via integration by publishers in manuscript submission systems.

Leveraging FundRef

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Classifications & metadata fields consistent w/CASRAI Link to

existing funding

Funding organization list coordinated with FundRef

Embed during grant application workflow

Leveraging Ringgold and ISNI

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Organization list from è Ringgold (an ISNI Registrar)

Interoperability with ISNI

•  3-part technical implementation plan

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•  link ISNI person IDs with ORCID records (October 2013)

•  create tools to harvest document metadata from relevant databases (ISBN, October 2013)

•  link ORCID iDs with ISNI records, and test the feasibility of allowing review and validation of ISNI records (planned).

•  May be relevant approach for linking between ORCID and NLA

Who is Integrating and How?

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•  Publishers •  Research Funders •  Professional Associations •  Universities and Research Orgs •  Repositories, CRIS, Metrics Sites

For a list of organizations and integrations see http://orcid.org/organizations/integrators

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/di_researchmanagement/researchinformation/orcid.aspx

http://openaccess.blogg.kb.se/2013/01/30/slutrapport-fran-projekt-forfattarindentifikatorer/

National discussions

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Publishing

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Acknowledge Reviewers

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“Where possible, it is also recommended that contributors be uniquely identifiable, and data uniquely attributable, through identifiers which are persistent, non-proprietary, open and interoperable (e.g. through leveraging existing sustainable initiatives such as ORCID for contributor identifiers and DataCite for data identifiers).” European Commission H2020 Grantee Guidelines

http://biomedicalresearchworkforce.nih.gov/tracking-system.htm#d

Funding Policy

Case Study: Grant Applications

Add your ORCID identifier during the grant

application process

Wellcome Trust has integrated ORCID iDs into its eGrants application system.

Case Study: Autism Speaks

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Autism Speaks using ORCID broadly, from pre-award to post-award and in linkages and information exchange with other funders and publishers.

Case Study: FCT

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12/2/13, 1866

12/2/13, 12010

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Aug-13 Nov-13 Feb-14

iDs created with .pt email domain

Weekly total Running total

FCT requires grantees to register for ORCID iD and link to organization and works

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) is using ORCID as a component of a nation-wide CRIS eco-system, enabling interoperability among multiple research systems including the RCAAP national Open Access repository, the DeGóis CV system, and the Authenticus indexed publications repository

“AGU is implementing ORCIDs in our member records, editorial databases, and papers. Having the ability to uniquely identify scientists helps the society, editors, authors, and members in many ways, from improving efficiency to providing services and support.”

  Brooks Hanson, Director of Publications, American Geophysical Union  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-7145

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Professional Associations

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/20131029-mcentee

“We want to use ORCIDs to simplify the life of Oxford’s researchers for working with institutional systems and publishers’ systems by re-using already available information for publication data management and reporting. The motto is: Input once – re-use often.”   Wolfram Horstmann, Assoc. Director, Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-6104

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Universities

How are Universities Integrating?

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For more on university integrators see http://orcid.org/organizations/researchorganizations

•  Get an ORCID iD and insert it in LDAP system, CRIS, dissertation thesis, or directory

•  Get Data from an ORCID Record and export into a CRIS or update a repository

•  Enable import of CRIS data into an ORCID Record

•  Link to identifiers in your system •  Create an iD for your faculty, staff, and students

and pre-populate with affiliation and works information

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University Workflows

•  Jisc and ARMA ORCID pilot program for UK Higher Education Institutions.

•  Alfred P. Sloan Foundation award supports ORCID implementation by US universities and professional associations. Prototypes showcased at ORCID Outreach meeting, May 2014.

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Integration Process

•  Planning Guide: http://support.orcid.org/knowledgebase/articles/321374-timeline-for-creating-orcid-ids-via-the-api

•  API Overview: http://support.orcid.org/knowledgebase/articles/180285-introduction-to-the-orcid-api

Technically, integrating ORCID involves adding <person ID> and <source> fields to data models, mapping to ORCID API, and implementing OAuth and RESTful calls.

Socially, it is critical that researchers are engaged in the process.

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Case Study: Create/Connect

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Case Study: Create/Connect

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/orcid-intgration-risuandersson

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Case Study: Record Creation

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/johnson-cu-boulderorcidoutreachmeetingslides

Current status: 3212 records created on 15 July, 2014

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Case Study: UC Boulder cont’d

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/johnson-cu-boulderorcidoutreachmeetingslides

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Case Study: Access Management

•  IAM options under discussion: •  ORCID field is added to LDAP; hyperlinked to

orcid.org •  Sponsored program grants system requirement •  Michigan Experts Researcher Profiles •  UM Research Data Repository •  Medical school CV system

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/westbrooksorcid-140520185706phpapp01

•  Supporting $1.3 billion research enterprise •  2 campuses: separate IT departments,

administrations, and cultures •  Library managing project, with Campus IT (ITS) –

core partner for integrating ORCIDS in institutional access managemet (IAM)

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Case Study: Theses In February 2014, Texas A&M University (TAMU) minted ORCIDs for ~10K graduate students. They are on the front line of developments to use persistent identifiers to link students, theses, and educational organizations. The TAMU effort is being led by the library, in coordination with other campus offices and divisions, including the Provost’s office and Graduate School. One component of their effort has been development of Library Guides to provide context for the TAMU rollout of ORCID.

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Case Study: Theses

http://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/151981/ORCIDopoly%20TAMU%20Poster.pdf?sequence=1

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Case Study: Research Reporting

http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/orcid-outreach-27-52014-s-rumsey4-3

ORCID at Oxford

•  Challenge of managing research outputs •  > 5000 research active staff •  > 5000 research students •  Estimated 12,000 peer reviewed articles per annum •  Highly devolved institution

•  Oxford Person Identifiers Group •  Representatives from Bodleian Libraries; IT Services;

Research Services; Legal Services; Student Administration; OUP. Project endorsed by the Research Information Management Sub-Committee of the Research Committee

•  Part of Jisc-ARMA ORCID Pilot •  Oxford approach is a lightweight model that

supports control and ownership of personal information by researchers

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Case Study: Research Reporting

Process of ORCID assignment/linking for Oxford authors

User logs in via SSO

request new ORCID/link existing ORCID button

ORCID associated with person in CUD

a) New ORCID: Create ORCID b) Existing ORCID: Sign in to ORCID [validation] Person associated with ORCID

ORCID iD

•  First/Last Name •  email •  University of

Oxford ID

Support by CRIS systems

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ORCIDwVIVO Integration Cornell University has integrated VIVO with ORCID in a way that works for and can be used in other VIVO instances to link VIVO iD with ORCID identifier. Available in VIVO 1.7 in July 2014 and on github ORCID Java library.

In  Pure,  Authors  can  now  include  their  ORCID  iD  when  creating  reference  data.    If  they  choose  to  import  publication  records  from  Scopus  into  PURE,  the  ORCID  UI  can  be  used  to  make  an  accurate  association  between  the  imported  record  and  speciCic  institutional  authors.    

..,also support for ORCID in Profiles, PeopleSoft, and Cilea

Repository Integration

•  DataCite •  DSpace (UMissouri) •  ePrints (UBern) •  EThOS (British Library) •  HUBzero (U Notre Dame) •  Hydra/Fedora (Purdue) •  InSPIRE (CERN) •  Vireo (Texas A&M) •  Reactome

More at http://orcid.org/blog/2014/03/10/orcid-repositories-and-researchers

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Thank you!