Post on 25-Feb-2016
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ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Advantages and Challenges
Weiling LiuDirector, Office of Libraries TechnologyUniversity LibrariesUniversity of Louisville
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Introduction
How to locate a copy of an article? Select a database that provides full-text Search the database for the article Search OPAC to find out if it is available in print when it
is not available online Fill out a form to get it through interlibrary loan when it
is not available online nor in print locallyChallenges for end-users: Different user interface and various search capabilities Changes of institutional subscriptions Changes within aggregated collections
OpenURL and Link Resolver came into place for removing these barriers
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Objective
To share my reading and understanding about OpenURL Link Resovlers, their advantages and challenges in practice, and our implementation experience at University of Louisville
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Outline What is OpenURL and Link Resolver? OpenURL Link Resolver mechanism Advantages A Case Study Challenges Implementation of a Link Resolver (SFX) at the University of Louisville Summary and Conclusion
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
What is OpenURL?
A framework, NISO standard (ANSI/NISO Z39.88 – 2004)It includes two parts:
1. syntax for packaging metadata and identifiers describing information objects
2. syntax for pointing to a user-specific resolver that can accept this packaged data, combine it with user information, and resolve the data into actual links
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
What Is a Link Resolver?A link resolver accepts an OpenURL as input
and interprets it, applying “as much logic as they can” and then offering “the user a menu showing a range of possibilities” and services
Source (OpenURL
Link)Link
Resolver
Menu of services (Targets)
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
OpenURL Link Resolver
(Server)
[Central Knowledge
Base]
Link Target- Library OPACs
Link Target- E-ResourcesLink Target
- Inter Library Loan
Link Resolver – where context-sensitive linking service is
processed
Target – where linking lands (must have a link-to syntax that
supports the service)
Link Target- Web search Engine
OpenURL Sources•A&I databases•E-Journal Articles (References)•E-print archives (OAI)•Electronic theses and dissertations (ETD)•Library OPACs•Local data repositories
OpenURL Link Resolver Mechanism
Source – where linking starts (must be OpenURL
enabled)
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Examples - OpenURL(line break is added for readability)url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_tim=2003-0410T13%3A57%3A15TZD&url_ctx_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&ctx_id=10_1&ctx_tim=2003-04-10T13%3A56%3A30TZD&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1045%2Fjuly99-caplan&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.aulast=Caplan&rft.aufirst=Priscilla&rft.issn=1082-9873&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=7/8&rft.date=1999&rft.atitle=Reference+Linking+for+Journal+Articles&rfe_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1045%2Fmarch2001-vandesompel&rfe_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfe.genre=article&rfe.aulast=Van+de+Sompel&rfe.aufirst=Herbert&rfe.issn=1082-9873&rfe.volume=7&rfe.issue=3&rfe.date=2001&rfe.atitle=Open+Linking+in+the+Scholarly+Information+Environment+using+the+OpenURL+Framework&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdlib.org%3Adlib
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Examples – Link ResolverThe examples from California Institute of Technology demonstrate that besides full text service, a link resolver can also direct a user to the following: Library’s Catalog Holdings Inter-Library Loan Reviews (e.g. Amazon) Abstracts Reference Management (e.g. EndNote) Web Services (e.g. Library’s FAQ) Web Search (e.g. Google)http://library.caltech.edu/openurl/Documents/Demo.htm
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
AdvantagesFor users: “Complete coverage” for the user (Turner,
2004), which avoids “dead ends” (Schneider 2001)
“Appropriate copy” (McDonald, 2004)For Library staff: Decreasing the time spent by ILL in filling
items that the library does have access to, or redundant article copies
More statistics can be gathered, thus increase the use of those less popular ones
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
A Case StudyA study conducted at California State University shows: End-user perceptions: More Full text Librarian perceptions: More Accurate Results “For many librarians and end-users, all of it is SFX. They most often encounter problems that have nothing to do with the system itself, but those problems nevertheless help erode confidence in the system, driving down its perceived success” (Wakimoto, 2006)
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
ChallengesChallenges: Objects with ID (ISSN, ISBN, or DOI) vs. without ID Different Levels of OpenURL Compliance
Out-bound linking available from All items (e.g. Wilson) Non-full text items only (e.g. EBSCO)
In-bound linking to a target at Database level (e.g. LEXIS-NEXIS) Journal level (e.g. ERIC Full Text*) Volume level (e.g. Haworth Press **) Issue level or article level with DOI (e.g. University
of Chicago Press ***,† ) Article level (e.g. EBSCOhost ****)
Subscribed Resources vs. Free Resources
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Examples - Wilson
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Examples - EBSCO
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Challenges (continued)
What Librarians Need to Do: More Full Text Collections Good OpenURL Compliant Resources Up-to-date Central Knowledge Base (CKB) Service Menu Customization User Education What to Consider When Acquiring/Developing an OpenURL Link Resolver
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
What to Consider When Acquiring/Developing an OpenURL Link Resolver Flexibilities for Service Menu Customization CKB Update Frequency Number of Databases (sources and targets) Supporting titles with or without IDs (e.g. ISSN, ISBN) OpenURL COinS
Challenges (continued)
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Implementation of SFX at UofLUniversity of Louisville (UofL) Libraries Six libraries Integrated Library System (ILS): Voyager Collections: 2 million volumes Electronic Resources:
Database: more than 200 E-Journal: about 20,000 titlesJournal Finder – SFX link resolver
Acquiring system in May 2004 “Soft” launch in Noember 2004 Full launch in July 2005 Currently 66 targets (30,660 links) are activated in CKB
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
SFX Link Resolver- A-Z List
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
SFX Link Resolver- Category
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
SFX Link Resolver- Citation Linker
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
SFX Link Resolver- Service Menu
Shown all the time
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
Summary and Conclusion “the promise of the OpenURL is tantalizing indeed” (Grogg, 2006.) Such seamless integration of resources is so conceptually simple, but robust, scalable, open systems of reference linking are enormously complex. By providing OpenURL linking services, “librarians and vendors are under increasing pressure from their constituents to provide yet more full text with 100 percent seamless accuracy.” (Wakimoto, 2006)
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
References and Readings Grogg, Jill E. "Thinking About Reference Linking." Searcher 10.4 (2002):56-61. Grogg, Jill E. "Introduction." Library technology reports 42.1 (2006):5-7. Van de Sompel, Herbert and and Patrick Hochstenback. "Reference Linking in a Hybrid Library Environment, Part 1: Frame works for Linking." D-Lib magazine 5.4 (1999) McDonald, Steven and Van de Velde, Eric F. "Resource Integration in the Library: The Lure of Linking." Library journal 129.6 (2004):32-34. Turner, Steven. "Resource Integration in the Library: Link-Resolvers and Federated Searching." Mississippi libraries 68.3 (2003):63-66. Schneider, Karen G.. “SFX: a Linkalclous Service.” American Libraries 32.6 (2001):118-119. Wakimoto, Jina Choi; Walker , David S. and Dabbour, Katherine S. “The Myths and Realities of SFX in Adcdemic Libraries.” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 32.2 (2006):127-136. http://www.niso.org/committees/committee_ax.html http://library.caltech.edu/openurl/StandardDocuments/KEV_Guidelines-20041209.pdf http://library.caltech.edu/openurl/Standard.htm http://www.niso.org/standards/standard_detail.cfm?std_id=783 http://ocoins.info/
ADL Seminar, Beijing 8/14-16/06 OpenURL and Link Resolvers
THANK YOU!
Weiling Liuw.liu@louisville.edu
w0liu001@gwise.louisville.edu