One-Child Policy

Wenjia Wang

Who We Are

National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic

of China

Outline Original One-Child Policy Background Goals Trend and Effects Two-Child Policy Goals and Causes Effects Costs and Benefits Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendation

Original One-Child Policy Background Introduced in 1979 Historical SituationChairman Mao’ Population PolicyReform and Opening-up Policy

Original One-Child Policy Why was the policy needed Before the policy, the average amount of

children per women was 6. (overpopulation)The growth rate in 1972 was 24%China has a quarter of the world’s population

but only 7% of the world’s land. The aim is to limit China’s population to 1.2

billion by 2000.

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Original One-Child Policy Administration and

Implementation Regulations include restrictions on family

size, late marriage and childbearing At provincial and county levels devise local

strategies for implementation (for urban residents and government employees;

In rural areas.)

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Original One-child Policy Achievements

Original One-Child Policy Negative Effects Unbalanced sex ratios Changes on Family Structure Speed population aging

Unbalanced Sex Ratios

Changes on Family Structure

Population Aging

Worsening Age Structure

“Four-two-one” problem VS pension system

Two-child Policy Definition

Two-child PolicyDebate Population Explosion Little or No Effect

Two-child Policy

Goals and Causes Balance Sex Ratios Ease Population Aging Balance Family Structure Cost and Benefits Effects

Two-Child Policy

Costs Two-Child policy would potentially bring greater burden on households since the expense to raise children are soaring every year.

Two-Child Policy Benefits Individual: Less Pressure Society: Labor Force

Two-Child Policy Effects: Sex Ratio Lobar Force Releasing Aging Problem Housing

Two-Child Policy Implementation Policy Detail (from “Shuangdu” to “Dandu”) Impact of Marriage Law (obligation on children) Pilot Provinces

Evaluation Healthy population structure

http://investing.calsci.com/blog9-9-09.html

Evaluation Relations with GDP

Evaluation Relation with education level of women

(data from the UDHS 2006)

http://www.zhihu.com/question/21908793

Conclusion & Recommendation

Conclusion It needs to implement two-child

policy to ease the aging society pressure, balance

the sex ratios and have a health population structure;

no worry about boost of fertility rate

Conclusion & RecommendationRecommendation

Relief living pressure for young couples

Giving Rewards Control Housing Prices

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