GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON

OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE ROBOT BASED

ON EMBEDDED SYESTEMSUBMITTED BY :

SYED WASI ABBASB.TECH 3RD YEAR

(E.I. A)

ROLL NO. : 1209732903

SUPERVISED BY :

Mr. GULSHAN KR. DUBEY

ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT AT

In the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHOLERS IN

TECHNOLOGY

Session : 2013-2014

An Overview of Presentation

Introduction Design & Development of Obstacle

Avoidance Robot Study of Obstacle sensors Working of microcontroller & Motors Advantages, Disadvantages & Applications Acknowledgement & References

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this project to avoid any obstacle or object in front of robot

and automatically change its path.

If there is no objects or obstacles then robot

continuously go forward. In this project we are using IR

sensor pair (infrared transmitter and infrared

receiver) .

When any object comes in front of robot then IR sensor detects its presence and send signal to the

microcontroller. Now the microcontroller controls the movement

of dc motors which are connected to microcontroller i.e. robot change its path according to the presence and

position of obstacles.

Design and Development of Obstacle Avoidance

Robot

Graphical Block diagram: Obstacle Avoidance Robot

Block diagram: Obstacle Avoidance Robot

Interfacingcircuit of Robot

Interfacing circuit of Robot

OBSTACLE SENSORS

The obstacle senor is used to avoid the robot from the clash to any external devices (or) that is like walls, any obstacle which comes in its way. Here

we are using the IR communications .the transmitter and the receiver parts. The transmitter produces the IR rays and they are received by the

receiver section

Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller

MANUFACTURE S OF MICROCONTROLLER

Atmel

Dallas Semiconductor

Intel

Microchip

National Semiconductor

Texas Instruments

H-BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVER

The name "H-Bridge" is derived from the actual shape of the switching circuit which controls the motion of the motor. It is

also known as "Full Bridge". Basically there are four switching elements in the H-Bridge as shown in the figure below.

Direction P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3

Forward 1 0 1 0

Backward 0 1 0 1

Right 1 0 0 1

Left 0 0 1 0

Electrical motor

An actuator which converts electrical signal into rotation

Why only DC motor?

We all know that AC motors are normally

constant speed motors. Variable

speed ac drives uses very complex

circuitry because the ac motor speed

is varied by the frequency variation

and is not quite easy.

Stepper motor gives calculated angle of rotation they take

number of steps in one revolution they cannot be stopped in between the step. Also they are not

constant running motors their use is limited to the

area where you want calculated steps to be taken such as printers,

plotters, and other similar applications.

Advantages of DC motor:-

High starting torque & easy speed variations are some of the other characteristics of DC motors.

Advantages & Disadvantages

of obstacle avoidance robot

Advantages & Disadvantages

Advantages : Whenever robot senses any obstacle automatically diverts its position

to left or right and follows the path without human guidance. The programming of the microcontroller is easy. It is a low cost circuit.

Disadvantages : It is time consuming project. It is use for short distance only. It is not recommended to keep the range very long because this would

cause the ROBOT to keep moving forward and backward as it senses any obstacle, even far away from it.

It is not in human control

Applications

Obstacle sensing robot can be applied at the toys where small children will play.

It can used for the army application.

We can apply number pairs of IR pairs for the safe direction control of the robot.

In Mines.

FUTURE ASPECTS:

We can extend this project with wireless technology by IR (or) RF.

This robot can be used for pick and place the required object by giving directions to the robot but IR pair should be replaced depending upon the application.

By doing extra things, it can be use in Army application.

Photographs:

ReferencesBOOKS:

1.The 8051 microcontroller & Embedded System

( Mazidi , Pearson Education ,III edition)2.Mechatronics Principle and Applications

(Godfrey Onwobolu, Pearson Education)3.Embedded System ( Rajkamal, Pearson Education, II

edition)4. .Introduction to Robotics

(Vikram Kapila, Pearson Education,IV Edition)

Website:http://mechatronics.poly.edu

http://www.roboticswikipedia.com

http://www.mecatronicswikipedia.com

http://www.datasheets.com

http://www.J2RScientific.com

http://www.expresspcb.com

http://www.kiel51.com

http://www.8051microcontroller.com

Thank You