Objective…Describe how the U.S. government enforced

loyalty and discouraged dissent.

Muzzling dissent…

36) Espionage & Sedition Acts…– How do these acts control

dissent?…

37) How is vigilante-ism encouraged?…

Protecting the U.S. war effort or restricting freedom…

• Eugene Debs v. U.S…• Schenck v. U.S…• Abrams v. U.S…

* As we review these cases determine what is similar v. different.

Eugene V. Debs v. U.S.• Outspoken socialist …Ran for President 5x• 1918 made an anti-war speech protesting US

involvement in WW I…Arrested & convicted under the Espionage Act

• Sentenced to 10 years in prison• “I have been accused of having obstructed the war. I

admit it. Gentlemen, I abhor war. I would oppose the war if I stood alone.” - Eugene Debs v. U.S

• The government case against Debs….• The defense of Debs…

Schenck v. U.S.• Sec. of the Socialist in U.S.• Printed & distributed anti-war leaflets targeting

prospective draftees• For these acts, Schenck was arrested and

convicted of violating the Espionage Act.

• The case against Schenck….• Schenck’s defense…

Abrams v. U.S• Dropped anti-war leaflets from buildings in NYC. • Denounced sending U.S. troops to Russia, US efforts to

stop the Russian Revolution & the production of war materials.

• The defendants were convicted & sentenced to 20 years in prison.

• The case against Abrams….• Abrams defense…

Objective…

Summarize how participation in World War I increased the existing social tensions in America.

Demographic Changes• People move to industrial areas• The Great Migration - African Americans move South to North…

The Great Migration1910-20: Northern Black pop. increase

New York……. 66.3%Chicago……… 148.2%Philadelphia…. 58.9%Detroit……….. 611.3%Cleveland…… 307.8%

The Great Migration

38) What was the Great Migration and how did it increase racial tensions?

The Great Migration

39) What did many African American leaders feel would happen as a result of supporting the war effort?

What happened instead?